青少年自恋类型与独处偏好的关系——基于独处能力的中介效应探索
摘要
为探索青少年自恋类型与独处偏好的关系,以及独处能力在二者之间的作用,利用钦佩-竞争自恋量表、独处偏好量表和独处能力量表,对373名青少年施测。结果显示:(1)青少年在钦佩型自恋这一类型指标上的得分与独处偏好、独处舒适这一独处能力指标上的得分呈显著负相关;(2)独处舒适这一能力类型指标在钦佩型自恋和独处偏好之间有完全中介效应。这意味着,与竞争型自恋的青少年相比,钦佩型自恋的青少年更倾向于做出"避免独处"的选择,该类青少年在被迫独处时更难体验到独处带来的舒适和享受;钦佩型自恋的青少年通过提高独处能力会增加独处偏好。
引文
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[2]Larson R W.The solitary side of life:An examination of the time people spend alone from childhood to old age[J].Developmental Review,1990,10(2):155-183.
[3]Burger J M.Individual differences in preference for solitude[J].Journal of Research in Personality,1995,29(1):85-108.
[4]Koch P.Solitude:A philosophical encounter[M].Chicago.IL:Open Court.1994
[5]Buchholz E S,Catton R.Adolescents’perceptions of aloneness and loneliness[J].Adolescence,1999,34(133):203-213.
[6]Maslow A H,Frager R,Fadiman J.Motivation and personality[M].New York:Harper&Row,1970.
[7]陈晓,宋欢庆,黄昕.中文版《独处偏好量表》的信效度检验[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(2):307-310.
[8]Suedfeld P.Social isolation:A case for interdisciplinary research[J].Canadian Psychologist Canadian,1974,15(1):1-15.
[9]Repetti,Rena L.Effects of daily workload on subsequent behavior during marital interaction:The roles of social withdrawal and spouse support[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1989,57(4):651-659.
[10]Olszewski,Kubilius P.The transition from childhood giftedness to adult creative productiveness[J].Roeper Review,2000,23(2):65-71.
[11]张玥,张冬静,熊琳,等.手机成瘾与大学生抑郁、焦虑的关系:中介与调节效应分析[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2018,26(6):1086-1090.
[12]刘俊升,周颖,李丹,等.儿童中期和青春期早期独处偏好与心理适应之关系:有调节的中介效应[J].心理学报,2015,47(8):1004-1012.
[13]Kroger J.Relationships during adolescence:a crossnational comparison of New Zealand and United States teenagers[J].Journal of Adolescence,1985,8(1):47-56.
[14]Chen X,Zhou H.“Loneliness”is the fate of all great souls?solitude and relevant research[J].Advances in Psychological Science,2013,20(11):1850-1859.
[15]郑涌,黄藜.显性自恋与隐性自恋:自恋人格的心理学探析[J].心理科学,2005,28(5):1259-1262.
[16]Emmons,Robert A.Factor analysis and construct validity of the narcissistic personality inventory[J].Journal of Personality Assessment,1984,48(3):291-300.
[17]Back M D,Küfner,Albrecht C.P,Dufner M,et al.Narcissistic admiration and rivalry:Disentangling the bright and dark sides of narcissism.[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,2013,105(6):1013-1037.
[18]Fatfouta R.To be alone or not to be alone?Facets of narcissism and preference for solitude[J].Personality&Individual Differences,2017(114):1-4.
[19]吴丽娟,陈淑芬.“国中生”独处能力、主观生活压力和身心健康之相关研究[J].台湾师范大学教育心理学报,2006,38(2):85-104.
[20]邓嘉欣,杨忍,王孟成,等.钦佩-竞争自恋量表在中学生群体的信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(03),445-447.
[21]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰,等.中介效应检验程序及其应用[J].心理学报,2004,36(5):614-620.
[22]丁如一,周晖,张豹,等.自恋与青少年亲社会行为之间的关系[J].心理学报,2016,48(8):981-988.
[23]Grijalva E,Newman D A,Tay L,et al.Gender differences in narcissism:A meta-analytic review[J].Psychological Bulletin,2015,141(2):261-310.
[24]Chen X,Cen G,Li D,et al.Social functioning and adjustment in Chinese children:the imprint of historical time[J].Child Development,2010,76(1):182-195.
[25]Csikszentmihalyi M.Creativity:Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention[J].Adult Education Quarterly,1997,43(12):823-824.
[26]王双双,宋婧杰.大学生自恋与嫉妒心理的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(6):867-872.
[27]Larson R,Lee M.The capacity to be alone as a stress buffer[J].Journal of Social Psychology.1996,136(1):5-16.
[28]Winnicott D W.The capacity to be alone[J].The International journal of psycho-analysis,1958,39(5):416.
[29]Rogers C.R.On becoming a person:A therapist’s view of psychotherapy[M].Boston:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt,1961.
[30]Long CR,Seburn M,Averill JR,et al.Solitude experiences:Varieties,settings,and individual differences[J].Personality and Social Psychology,2003,29(5):578-5835
[31]Chua S N,Koestner R.A self-determination theory perspective on the role of autonomy in solitary behavior[J].The Journal of Social Psychology,2008,148(5):645-648.
[32]赵通宇,李梅.技校学生依恋模式与社交回避的关系:独处能力、应对方式中介作用[J].中国校外教育旬刊,2015(11):26-27.