基于Simulink的车辆碰撞中乘员各部位ridedown效率分析
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摘要
为了简化车辆碰撞中安全假人ridedown效率的计算过程,在能量效率理论公式的基础上提出了一种新型计算假人ridedown效率的方法。利用MATLAB/Simulink模块建立计算ridedown效率的数学模型,在参考前人的整体能量分析方法的基础上改进了假人各部位的划分方法。结合某企业项目中依据某款轿车所建立并经过验证的约束系统模型,通过Simulink建立的数学模型,从试验和仿真两个角度对假人各个部位压溃能量和约束能量进行分析,并与传统假人整体能量分析方法进行了ridedown效率对比。计算结果不仅验证了Simulink数学模型有效性,同时还发现传统假人整体能量分析方法不能较好地分析假人各部位的能量变化趋势。研究结果在很大程度上简化了车辆碰撞安全中假人ridedown效率的计算过程,可为深入研究人体各部位能量分布、ridedown效率与人体伤害的相关性提供参考。
In order to simplify the process of calculating the dummy ridedown efficiency in a vehicle crash,a new calculation method is put forward on the basis of the theoretical energy formula. The MATLAB/Simulink module is used to establish the mathematical model to calculate the ridedown efficiency. Meanwhile,the method of dividing each part of the dummy is improved with reference of previous overall energy analysis methods. In combination of a verified model of restraint system based on a particular car established by a company,the constrained energy and crushing energy of dummies are tested and simulated by the mathematical model set designed with Simulink. The ridedown efficiency of the new type is compared with that in the traditional method of analyzing dummy's overall energy. The results not only verify the validity of the Simulink model,but also findthat the traditional method is not good enough to analyze the energy change trend of each part of the dummy. To conclude,the results largely simplify the calculating process of the dummy's ridedown efficiency in the vehicle crash,and are of guiding significance in studying the energy distribution of each part of the human body and the relevance between the ridedown efficiency and damage on human body.
In order to simplify the process of calculating the dummy ridedown efficiency in a vehicle crash,a new calculation method is put forward on the basis of the theoretical energy formula. The MATLAB/Simulink module is used to establish the mathematical model to calculate the ridedown efficiency. Meanwhile,the method of dividing each part of the dummy is improved with reference of previous overall energy analysis methods. In combination of a verified model of restraint system based on a particular car established by a company,the constrained energy and crushing energy of dummies are tested and simulated by the mathematical model set designed with Simulink. The ridedown efficiency of the new type is compared with that in the traditional method of analyzing dummy's overall energy. The results not only verify the validity of the Simulink model,but also findthat the traditional method is not good enough to analyze the energy change trend of each part of the dummy. To conclude,the results largely simplify the calculating process of the dummy's ridedown efficiency in the vehicle crash,and are of guiding significance in studying the energy distribution of each part of the human body and the relevance between the ridedown efficiency and damage on human body.
引文
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[3]MERTZ H,MARQUARDT J F.Small car air cushion performance considerations[R].New York:SAE Technical Paper,1985:30-38.
[4]EVANS N C,FURTON L M,CORK D A.Occupant energy management technique for restraint system analysis and designtheory and validation[R].New York:SAE Technical Paper,1992:1-8.
[5]BONELLO K J.Occupant energy management technique for restraint system analysis and design-understanding the physics of the system[R].New York:SAE Technical Paper,1992:1-8.
[6]胡佳.基于试验和有限元仿真的儿童乘员正面和侧面碰撞安全研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2008.
[7]ZHANG Jun-yuan,MA Yue,CHEN Chao,et al.Design and optimization for the occupant restraint system of vehicle based on a signal freedom model[J].Chinese Journal of Mechnical Engineering,2013,26(3):492-497.
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[9]张燕.基于能量管理技术的某轿车正面碰撞约束系统参数设计[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.
[10]HU C Q.Performance analysis and improvement design of school bus seat based on workbench[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,477-478(2):99-104.
[11]JAVIER P,ARTURO F,FRANCISCO A,et al.Spanish frontal accidents of buses&coaches injury mechanism analysis[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014,160:314-322.
[12]王国春,李奇奇,戴江璐,等.基于联合优化方法的汽车碰撞被动安全性研究[J].汽车工程,2017,39(2):68-73.
[13]唐友名,刘娜,宋名洋.正面冲击作用下SUV副驾驶乘员损伤研究[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2016,7(4):390-394.
[14]应龙,葛如海,张学荣.小学校车正面碰撞下乘员约束系统安全性仿真研究[J],中国安全科学学报,2015,25(6):40-45.