太赫兹频段复杂目标雷达散射截面测量与验证
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摘要
针对太赫兹频段范围内对复杂目标的雷达散射截面(radar cross section,RCS)测量存在系统信噪比低,测量精度低,测量能力难以满足需求;复杂目标RCS理论求解困难,测量数据分析缺乏理论支撑,难以有效评估测量结果及系统性能问题,搭建一个基于矢量网络分析仪的微波倍频太赫兹RCS测量系统,该系统可以产生多个频段的太赫兹波,实现多频段复用.该系统的信号在频率、幅值和相位上具有较好的稳定性,有望提高RCS的测量精度.利用该系统对复杂目标模型(吉普车和卫星)在220 GHz和440GHz频段下进行测量(方位角0°～360°,俯仰角0°),并采用不同方法 (与计算值比对、计算模型对称部位测量值差值)对系统测量性能进行分析验证.结果表明,该系统能够在太赫兹频段实现对复杂目标散射特性的测量,可用于太赫兹雷达系统及太赫兹频段缩比测量的研究.
Radar cross section( RCS) measurement of complex models in terahertz band is considered challenge mainly owing to the following two reasons. One is the low signal to noise ratio( SNR) of measurement system,which limits the measurement accuracy. The other is the difficulty in calculating RCS values for complex models,which makes it hard to evaluate the measurement results and the performance of the system. To overcome these problems,we construct a multiband terahertz RCS measurement system based on a vector network analyzer. The signal of the system has good stability in frequency,amplitude and phase,which leads to improvement in RCS measurement accuracy. Based on the system,we measure RCS of complex target models( jeep and satellite) at 220 GHz and 440 GHz( with azimuth angle of 0° ～ 360°,pitching angle of 0°) and use different methods to evaluate the performance of the system. The methods refer to comparing measurement results with computing values and calculating the difference of measurement results between symmetrical parts of the model. The results show that the system is capable of measuring the scattering characteristics of complex targets in terahertz band with high precision. The system is of great value for the development of terahertz radar system and the research of RCS scaling measurement.
Radar cross section( RCS) measurement of complex models in terahertz band is considered challenge mainly owing to the following two reasons. One is the low signal to noise ratio( SNR) of measurement system,which limits the measurement accuracy. The other is the difficulty in calculating RCS values for complex models,which makes it hard to evaluate the measurement results and the performance of the system. To overcome these problems,we construct a multiband terahertz RCS measurement system based on a vector network analyzer. The signal of the system has good stability in frequency,amplitude and phase,which leads to improvement in RCS measurement accuracy. Based on the system,we measure RCS of complex target models( jeep and satellite) at 220 GHz and 440 GHz( with azimuth angle of 0° ～ 360°,pitching angle of 0°) and use different methods to evaluate the performance of the system. The methods refer to comparing measurement results with computing values and calculating the difference of measurement results between symmetrical parts of the model. The results show that the system is capable of measuring the scattering characteristics of complex targets in terahertz band with high precision. The system is of great value for the development of terahertz radar system and the research of RCS scaling measurement.
引文
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[9]黄培康,殷红成,许小剑.雷达目标特性[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004:10-12.HUANG Peikang,YIN Hongcheng,XU Xiaojian. Characteristics of targets in radar system[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2004:10-12.(in Chinese)
[10]张麟兮,李南京,胡楚锋,等.雷达目标散射特性测试与成像诊断[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2009:1-47.ZHANG Linxi,LI Nanjing,HU Chufeng,et al. Scattering characteristics test and imaging diagnosis for targets in radar system[M]. Beijing:China Aerospace Publishing House,2009:1-47.(in Chinese)
[2]武亚君,黄欣,徐秀丽,等.太赫兹目标RCS缩比测量技术[J].强激光与粒子束,2013,25(6):1541-1544.WU Yajun,HUANG Xin,XU Xiuli,et al. Radar cross section measurement technique of scale-model targets at terahertz[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2013,25(6):1541-1544.(in Chinese)
[3]BEAUDOIN C J,DEMARTINIS G,COULOMBE M J,et al. A prototype fully polarimetric 160-GHz bistatic ISAR compact radar range[C]//SPIE Defense and Security Conference. Anaheim,USA:SPIE,2017:101880Z.
[4]LONNQVIST A,MALLAT J,RAISANEN A V. Phasehologram-based compact RCS test range at 310 GHz for scale models[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2006,54(6):2391-2397.
[5]IWASZCZUK K,HEISELBERG H,JEPSEN P U. Terahertz radar cross section measurements[J]. Optics Express,2010,18(25):26399-26408.
[6] SONG Yan,LI Yanpeng,PANG Shuang,et al. RCS measurement at terahertz waves for cylinders with different surface roughness[J]. Electronics Letters,2018,54(11):714-716.
[7]苏红,田静,张吉成,等. Zn纳米颗粒复合材料的太赫兹传输特性研究[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2013,30(5):514-517.SU Hong,TIAN Jing,ZHANG Jicheng,et al. Terahertz transmission property of Zn nanoparticle composites[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2013,30(5):514-517.(in Chinese)
[8]陈珲,徐亮,张言明,等.超电大复杂目标太赫兹散射特性建模微波方法延拓研究[J].雷达学报,2018,7(1):108-118.CHEN Hui, XU Liang, ZHANG Yanming, et al.Theoretical extension of a microwave em method for predicting the terahertz scattering of electrically large complex target[J]. Journal of Radars,2018,7(1):108-118.(in Chinese)
[9]黄培康,殷红成,许小剑.雷达目标特性[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004:10-12.HUANG Peikang,YIN Hongcheng,XU Xiaojian. Characteristics of targets in radar system[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2004:10-12.(in Chinese)
[10]张麟兮,李南京,胡楚锋,等.雷达目标散射特性测试与成像诊断[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2009:1-47.ZHANG Linxi,LI Nanjing,HU Chufeng,et al. Scattering characteristics test and imaging diagnosis for targets in radar system[M]. Beijing:China Aerospace Publishing House,2009:1-47.(in Chinese)