薄窗型多阳极气体探测器研究进展
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摘要
薄窗型气体探测器是最近发展并用于低能量加速器质谱探测技术。该探测器的入射窗采用氮化硅膜,薄而均匀,分辨率高,目前已在低能量粒子探测技术中得到初步应用,显示出广泛的应用前景。本文主要从薄窗型气体探测器基本原理、薄氮化硅膜与Mylar膜的对比、不同质子数Z的低能量粒子脉冲高度对比、薄窗型气体探测器与硅探测器的对比,以及应用等方面进行阐述。
Gas detectors are widely used in the early development of nuclear physics.Due to the development of semiconductor detectors,they have gradually been replaced by semiconductor detectors.However,they have many advantages in heavy ion physics experiments,such as simple preparation,reliable performance,low cost,easy to use and so on.However,with the development of miniaturization and low energy of accelerator mass spectrometers,particle detection technology has encountered difficulties.Accurate determination of heavy ions at low energies is an important scientific issue.The thin window gas ionization chamber is a new type of gas detector developed for low energy accelerator mass spectrometry in recent years.The silicon nitride film used as the entrance window of the detector enable a higher resolution for its thin and uniform characteristics,and has been initially applied in low-energy particle detection technology,and has a wide range of application prospects.In this paper,the basic principle,the comparison of thin silicon nitride films with those of Mylar films,low-energy particle pulse height comparisons of different Z(proton number),thin-window gas detectorsand silicon detectors and application of thin window gas detectors were reported.
Gas detectors are widely used in the early development of nuclear physics.Due to the development of semiconductor detectors,they have gradually been replaced by semiconductor detectors.However,they have many advantages in heavy ion physics experiments,such as simple preparation,reliable performance,low cost,easy to use and so on.However,with the development of miniaturization and low energy of accelerator mass spectrometers,particle detection technology has encountered difficulties.Accurate determination of heavy ions at low energies is an important scientific issue.The thin window gas ionization chamber is a new type of gas detector developed for low energy accelerator mass spectrometry in recent years.The silicon nitride film used as the entrance window of the detector enable a higher resolution for its thin and uniform characteristics,and has been initially applied in low-energy particle detection technology,and has a wide range of application prospects.In this paper,the basic principle,the comparison of thin silicon nitride films with those of Mylar films,low-energy particle pulse height comparisons of different Z(proton number),thin-window gas detectorsand silicon detectors and application of thin window gas detectors were reported.
引文
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[2] Dobeli M,Kottler C,Stocker M,et al.Gas ionization chambers with silicon nitride windows forthe detection and identification of low energy ions[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2004(219-220):415-419.
[3] Müller A M,D9beli M,Suter M,et al.Performance of the ETH gas ionization chamber at low energy[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2012(287):94-102.
[4]卢希庭,江栋兴,叶沿林.原子核物理[M].北京:原子能出版社,2000:69-73.
[5] Knoll G F.Radiation detection and measurement[M].New York:Wiley,2000.
[6] Suter M,Dobeli M,Grajcar M,et al.Advances in particle identification in AMS at low energies[J].Nucl Instr and Meth B,2007(259):165.
[7] Stocker M,Dobeli M,Grajcar M,et al.A universal and competitive compact AMS facility[J].Nucl Instr and Meth B,2005(240):483.
[8] Wacker L,Chamizo E,Fifield L K,et al.Measurement of actinides on a compact AMS system working at 300kV[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2005(240):452-457.