不同生境白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)灌丛沙堆形态特征
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摘要
以吉兰泰荒漠绿洲过渡带为研究区,通过对不同生境条件下的白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)灌丛沙堆形态特征、各形态参数间关系及白刺灌丛生长特征进行定量分析。结果表明:(1)随着梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)林龄的增加(白刺纯林除外),白刺灌丛沙堆各形态参数变化范围较大,并向长椭球形方向发展,部分向不对称"蝌蚪状"方向演化。(2) 4种不同生境条件下,白刺灌丛沙堆各形态参数相关系数均在0. 782以上(P <0. 01),表现为显著性相关,这是各生境白刺灌丛沙堆协同发展的结果。(3)对各生境白刺灌丛沙堆长轴与短轴、水平尺度与沙堆高度之间进行回归方程分析,分别呈显著性线性关系(R~2> 0. 721 7)和幂函数、二次函数关系(R~2> 0. 835 1)且斜率均为正,表明4种生境灌丛沙堆均处于发育阶段。(4)白刺灌丛株高和盖度对灌丛沙堆形态特征有明显影响,即白刺灌丛株高越高、盖度越大,白刺灌丛沙堆高度、底面积和体积也逐渐增大。
The morphological features of Nitraria tangutorum nebkhas in different habitats in the desert-oasis ecotone in Jilantai were investigated. The relationships among the morphological parameters and the growth of N. tangutorum nebkhas were quantitatively analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) The morphological parameters of N. tangutorum nebkhas along their long ellipsoidal direction varied in a wide range with the increase of stand age of Haloxylon ammodendron( except the N. tangutorum area),and the luxuriantly growing thickets evolved in some areas;(2) The correlation coefficients of the morphological parameters of N. tangutorum nebkhas in four different habitats were all higher than 0. 782 and showed a significant correlation( P < 0. 01),which was the result of the cooperated development of the nebkhas in various habitats;(3) The regression equation analysis revealed that there was a significant linear relationship between the length and width( R~2> 0. 721 7) and a relationship of power function and quadratic function between the horizontal size and height( R~2> 0. 835 1) of N. tangutorum nebkhas in various habitats. Which indicated that the N. tangutorum nebkhas were all at the developing stage;(4) The height and coverage of N. tangutorum shrubbery affected significantly the morphological features of N. tangutorum nebkhas,that means the height,basal area and volume of the nebkhas were increased with the increase of plant height and coverage of N. tangutorum shrubbery.
The morphological features of Nitraria tangutorum nebkhas in different habitats in the desert-oasis ecotone in Jilantai were investigated. The relationships among the morphological parameters and the growth of N. tangutorum nebkhas were quantitatively analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) The morphological parameters of N. tangutorum nebkhas along their long ellipsoidal direction varied in a wide range with the increase of stand age of Haloxylon ammodendron( except the N. tangutorum area),and the luxuriantly growing thickets evolved in some areas;(2) The correlation coefficients of the morphological parameters of N. tangutorum nebkhas in four different habitats were all higher than 0. 782 and showed a significant correlation( P < 0. 01),which was the result of the cooperated development of the nebkhas in various habitats;(3) The regression equation analysis revealed that there was a significant linear relationship between the length and width( R~2> 0. 721 7) and a relationship of power function and quadratic function between the horizontal size and height( R~2> 0. 835 1) of N. tangutorum nebkhas in various habitats. Which indicated that the N. tangutorum nebkhas were all at the developing stage;(4) The height and coverage of N. tangutorum shrubbery affected significantly the morphological features of N. tangutorum nebkhas,that means the height,basal area and volume of the nebkhas were increased with the increase of plant height and coverage of N. tangutorum shrubbery.
引文
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[3]武胜利,李志忠,惠军,等.和田河流域灌(草)丛沙堆的形态特征与发育过程[J].地理研究,2008,27(2):314-322.[Wu Shengli,Li Zhizhong,Hui Jun,et al.The morphological characteristics and growth mode of nabkha in the basin of Hotan river,Xinjiang[J].Geographical Research,2008,27(2):314-322.]
[4]阿丝叶·阿不都力米提,玉苏甫·买买提.焉耆盆地不同生境白刺灌丛沙堆形态特征分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(32):117-123.[Asiye Ablimit,Yusup Mamat.Morphological characteristics of Nitraria nebkhas in Yanqi basin under different habitats[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2016,32(32):117-123.]
[5]彭飞,王涛,刘立超,等.民勤荒漠绿洲过渡带白刺灌丛沙堆演化阶段及其空间格局[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(3):593-599.[Peng Fei,Wang Tao,Liu Lichao,et al.Evolution phases and spatial pattern of nebkhas in Minqin deset-oasis ectone[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(3):593-599.]
[6]来风兵,孙虎,张展赫,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠和田河西侧胡杨沙堆的形态特征及空间分布格局[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(2):284-293.[Lai Fengbing,Sun Hu,Zhang Zhanhe,et al.Morphological characteristics and spatial pattern of Populus euphratica nebkhas to the west of the Hotan river in the Taklimakan Desert[J].Journal of Desert Research,2015,35(2):284-293.]
[7]关林婧,梅续芳,张媛媛,等.狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆土壤水分和肥力的时空分布[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(2):253-259.[Guan Linjing,Mei Xufang,Zhang Yuanyuan,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture content and fertility of Caragana stenophylla shrub nabkhas in different habitats[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(2):253-259.]
[8]王心源,郭华东,邵芸,等.利用多源遥感对吉兰泰盐湖沙漠侵害研究[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(1):110-115.[Wang Xinyuan,Guo Huadong,Shao Yun,et al.Monitor of sand-drift invaded Jilantai salt lake using multi-source remote sensing data[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,15(1):110-115.]
[9]孔芳芳,谭利华,伍永秋,等.柴达木盆地不同沉积区灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(1):56-62.[Kong Fangfang,Tan Lihua,Wu Yongqiu,et al.Morphological and sediments of nabkha in Qaidam basin[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016,52(1):56-62.]
[10]左合君,杨阳,张宏飞,等.阿拉善戈壁区白刺灌丛沙堆形态特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):263-269.[Zuo Hejun,Yang Yang,Zhang Hongfei,et al.Morphological characteristics of Nitraria dune in Gobi of Alashan[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(1):263-269.]
[11]Nickling W G,Wolfe S A.The morphology and origin of Nabkhas,region of Mopti,Mali,West Africa[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1994,28(1):13-30.
[12]刘冰,赵文智.荒漠绿洲过渡带泡泡刺灌丛沙堆形态特征及其空间异质性[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2 814-2 820.[Liu Bing,Zhao Wenzhi.Morphological characteristic sand spatial heterogeneity of Nitraria sphaerocarp nebkhas in desert-oasis ecotone[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(12):2 814-2 820.]
[13]张萍,哈斯,岳兴玲,等.白刺灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(6):130-136.[Zhang Ping,Ha Si,Yue Xingling,et al.Nitaria nebkhas:Morphology and sediments[J].Arid Land Geography,2008,31(6):130-136.]
[14]郎丽丽,王训明,哈斯,等.灌丛沙丘形成演化及环境指示意义研究的主要进展[J].地理学报,2012,67(11):1 526-1 536.[Lang Lili,Wang Xunming,Ha Si,et al.Coppice dune formation and its significance to environmental change reconstructions in arid and semiarid areas[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(11):1 526-1 536.]
[15]张萍,哈斯,吴霞,等.单个油蒿灌丛沙堆气流结构的野外观测研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(5):881-889.[Zhang Ping,Ha Si,Wu Xia,et al.Filed investigation on airflow profile of an Artemisia ordosica nebkha dune[J].Journal of Applied Basic and Engineering Sciences,2013,21(5):881-889.]
[16]安晶,哈斯,杜会石,等.内蒙古高原小叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆对气流结构与风蚀的影响[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(2):304-312.[An Jing,Ha Si,Du Huishi,et al.Impact of Caragana microphylla nabkhas on airflow structure and wind erosion in Inner Mongolia plateau[J].Journal of Arid Land Research,2015,32(2):304-312.]
[17]杨帆,王雪芹,何清,等.绿洲-沙漠过渡带柽柳灌丛沙堆形态特征及空间分布格局[J].干旱区研究,2014,31(3):556-563.[Yang Fan,Wang Xueqin,He Qing,et al.Morphological features and spatial distribution pattern of Tamarix ramosissima nebkhas in an oasis-desert ecotone[J].Arid Zone Research,2014,31(3):556-563.]
[18]胡国云,郭中领,王仁德,等.河北坝上低山区坡地灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):251-256.[Hu Guoyun,Guo Zhongling,Wang Rende,et al.Morphology and sediment characteristics of nebkhas on slopes in Bashang region,Hebei province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(4):251-256.]
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