渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷中深层天然气成藏条件与资源潜力
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摘要
近年来随着勘探目标向中深层拓展,在渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷不仅发现大规模的石油资源,同时发现700多亿立方米的天然气资源。深层烃源岩热演化与储集层物性特征的差异,决定了深层常规、非常规气藏并存,且以4 700m深度为界,该深度以下主体为致密砂岩气。利用成因法、类比法等方法综合计算,歧口凹陷古近系常规天然气资源规模超过3 500×10~8 m~3,主要分布在板桥次凹,致密砂岩气资源量为1 760×10~8 m~3,主要分布在歧北次凹中深层。通过天然气成藏条件综合评价,进一步揭示了深层优质烃源岩、高演化程度和大规模砂体三大因素有利于天然气规模富集,是深层烃类资源的主要赋存状态。板桥斜坡深层、歧北斜坡深层为深层气勘探的有利目标区,尤其是处于气源中心区、具有一定构造背景、砂体发育的沙二段是深层气现阶段勘探最现实的领域。
In recent years,as exploration targets have expanded to the mid-deep strata,large-scale oil resources have been discovered in the Qikou Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin,and more than 70 billion cubic meters of natural gas resources were discovered as well.The difference between the thermal evolution of deep source rocks and the physical properties of reservoirs determine the coexistence of conventional gas reservoirs and unconventional gas reservoirs in deep strata,and it is bounded by a depth of 4 700 m.The main body below this depth is tight sandstone gas.Using the method of generative and analogy,the Paleogene conventional natural gas resources of the Qikou Sag are more than 350 billion cubic meters,mainly distributed in the Banqiao sub-sag,and the tight sandstone gas resources are 176 billion cubic meters,mainly distributed in the mid-deep strata of Qibei sub-sag.Through the comprehensive evaluation of natural gas accumulation conditions,it further reveals that the three factors of deep high-quality source rock,high evolution and large-scale sand body are conducive to the enrichment of natural gas,which is the main occurrence state of deep hydrocarbon resources.The deep strata of Banqiao and Qibei Slopes are favorable target areas for deep gas exploration,especially in the central area of gas source,in the second member of Shagejie Formation with a certain tectonic setting and sand body development,which is the most realistic area for deep gas exploration.
In recent years,as exploration targets have expanded to the mid-deep strata,large-scale oil resources have been discovered in the Qikou Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin,and more than 70 billion cubic meters of natural gas resources were discovered as well.The difference between the thermal evolution of deep source rocks and the physical properties of reservoirs determine the coexistence of conventional gas reservoirs and unconventional gas reservoirs in deep strata,and it is bounded by a depth of 4 700 m.The main body below this depth is tight sandstone gas.Using the method of generative and analogy,the Paleogene conventional natural gas resources of the Qikou Sag are more than 350 billion cubic meters,mainly distributed in the Banqiao sub-sag,and the tight sandstone gas resources are 176 billion cubic meters,mainly distributed in the mid-deep strata of Qibei sub-sag.Through the comprehensive evaluation of natural gas accumulation conditions,it further reveals that the three factors of deep high-quality source rock,high evolution and large-scale sand body are conducive to the enrichment of natural gas,which is the main occurrence state of deep hydrocarbon resources.The deep strata of Banqiao and Qibei Slopes are favorable target areas for deep gas exploration,especially in the central area of gas source,in the second member of Shagejie Formation with a certain tectonic setting and sand body development,which is the most realistic area for deep gas exploration.
引文
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[14]Zhang Jing,Li Shuangwen,Liu Huaqing,et al.Characteristics and comprehensive evaluation of deep reservoirs in Qinan ramp,Qikou Sag[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(6):46-52.张晶,李双文,刘化清,等.歧口凹陷歧南斜坡深部储层特征及综合评价[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(6):46-52.
[15]Liu Ping.The study on the characteristics of reservoirs in low slope area and Es3in Banqiao Sag[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2014,11(16):10-13.刘萍.板桥低斜坡区沙三段储层特征研究[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2014,11(16):10-13.
[16]Lv Yanfang,Fu Guang,Yu Dan.Comprehensive evaluation of sealing ability of cap rock in China's large and medium gas fields and their contribution to gas accumulation[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):754-758.吕延防,付广,于丹.中国大中型气田盖层封盖能力综合评价及其对成藏的贡献[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):754-758.
[17]Hu Guoyi,Wang Xiaobo,Wang Yifeng,et al.Cap rock characteristics of medium and large gas fields in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(2):162-166.胡国艺,王晓波,王义凤,等.中国大型气田盖层特征[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(2):162-166.
[18]Yu Xuemin,Jiang Wenya,He Bingzhen,et al.Characteristics of the Paleogene gas reservoirs in Qikou Sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(2):183-189.于学敏,姜文亚,何炳振,等.歧口凹陷古近系天然气藏主要特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(2):183-189.
[19]Wang Yongkai.Geological characteristics and mechanism analysis of middle-deep tight sandstone gas accumulation in Qikou Sag[J].Mud Logging Engineering,2017,28(2):108-111.王永凯.歧口凹陷中深层致密砂岩气成藏地质特征与机理分析[J].录井工程,2017,28(2):108-111.
[20]Hua Shuangjun,Yu Chao,Sun Chaonan.Reservoir controlling factors for deep clastic reservoir and analysis on lower limits of effective resrvoir in the Qikou Sag[J].Journal of Yanan U-niversity:Natural Science Edition,2017,33(4):56-60.滑双君,于超,孙超囡.歧口凹陷深层储层控制因素与有效储层下限分析[J].延安大学学报:自然科学版,2017,33(4):56-60.
[21]Zhang Jing,Li Yong,Zhang Zili,et al.Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics analysis at Es3in Qibei Ramp of Qikou Sag[J].Geological Journals,2012,36(1):8-16.张晶,李勇,张自立,等.歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段成岩作用及其对储层影响分析[J].地质学刊,2012,36(1):8-16.
[22]Pu Xiugang,Chen Changwei,Liu Sa,et al.Lithologic reservoir exploration of Es3flexure slope break systems in Qibei Slope of Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2011,38(6):611-618.蒲秀刚,陈长伟,柳飒,等.歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段挠曲坡折体系与岩性油气藏勘探[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(6):611-618.
[2]Wang Tao.Theory and Practice of Chinese Natural Gas Geology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997:10-80.王涛.中国天然气地质理论基础与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:10-80.
[3]Fu Guang,Lv Yanfang,Yu Dan.Gas accumulation efficiency and its main controlling factors in China's large and medium gas fields[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):742-745.付广,吕延防,于丹.中国大中型气田天然气聚集效率及其主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):742-745.
[4]Dai Jinxing,Song Yan,Zhang Houfu,et al.Major controlling factors for the formation of large-middle gas fields in China[J].Science in China,1996,26(6):1-8.戴金星,宋岩,张厚福,等.中国大中型天然气田形成的主控因素[J].中国科学,1996,26(6):1-8.
[5]Lu Shuangfang,Li Hongtao,Fu Guang,et al.Analysis of the main control factors of natural gas enrichment[J].Natural Gas Industry,2003,23(6):7-11.卢双舫,李宏涛,付广,等.天然气富集的主控因素剖析[J].天然气工业,2003,23(6):7-11.
[6]Guo Jianying,Li Jian,Yu Xuemin,et al.Origin and distribution of deep natural gas in Dagang exploration area of Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(supplement1):112-119.国建英,李剑,于学敏,等.黄骅坳陷大港探区深层天然气成因类型与分布规律[J].石油学报,2013,34(增刊1):112-119.
[7]Wang Tingbin.Gas pools in China have mainly been formed and finalized during tectonic movements since Neogene[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(2):126-132.王庭斌.中国气藏主要形成、定型于新近纪以来的构造运动[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):126-132.
[8]Wang Tingbin.Differences in reservoir conditions of oil and natural gas and reservoiring models of gas fields in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscince,2003,14(2):79-86.王庭斌.天然气与石油成藏条件差异及中国气田成藏模式[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(2):79-86.
[9]Yang Chiyin.Study on the genesis of CO2in Huanghua Depression[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(1):7-11.杨池银.黄骅坳陷二氧化碳成因研究[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(1):7-11.
[10]Wang Shuxiang,Yu Xuemin,He Yongmei,et al.Characteristics and formation deep clastic reservoir in Binhai area of Qikou Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(4):566-571.王书香,于学敏,何咏梅,等.歧口凹陷滨海地区沙河街组深层碎屑岩储层特征及主控因素[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(4):566-571.
[11]Chen Chunfang,Zhao Chenglin,Li Huijun.Physical properties of reservoir and influencing factors of deep burial clastic rocks in Banqiao-Qibei Sag[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(1):4-7.陈纯芳,赵澄林,李会军.板桥和歧北凹陷沙河街组深层碎屑岩储层物性特征及其影响因素[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(1):4-7.
[12]Pu Xiugang,Wu Yongping,Zhou Jiansheng,et al.The fractal structures of pore and throat and new physical evaluation parameter of the oil-gas reservoir with low permeability[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(12):37-39.蒲秀刚,吴永平,周建生,等.低渗油气储层孔喉的分形结构与物性评价新参数[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):37-39.
[13]You Jun,Zheng Junmao.Factors of affecting the reservoir physical properties of deep strata in the Huanghua Depression[J].Geoscience,1999,13(3):350-354.游俊,郑俊茂.黄骅坳陷中北区深部储层物性影响因素分析[J].现代地质,1999,13(3):350-354.
[14]Zhang Jing,Li Shuangwen,Liu Huaqing,et al.Characteristics and comprehensive evaluation of deep reservoirs in Qinan ramp,Qikou Sag[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(6):46-52.张晶,李双文,刘化清,等.歧口凹陷歧南斜坡深部储层特征及综合评价[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(6):46-52.
[15]Liu Ping.The study on the characteristics of reservoirs in low slope area and Es3in Banqiao Sag[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2014,11(16):10-13.刘萍.板桥低斜坡区沙三段储层特征研究[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2014,11(16):10-13.
[16]Lv Yanfang,Fu Guang,Yu Dan.Comprehensive evaluation of sealing ability of cap rock in China's large and medium gas fields and their contribution to gas accumulation[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):754-758.吕延防,付广,于丹.中国大中型气田盖层封盖能力综合评价及其对成藏的贡献[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):754-758.
[17]Hu Guoyi,Wang Xiaobo,Wang Yifeng,et al.Cap rock characteristics of medium and large gas fields in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(2):162-166.胡国艺,王晓波,王义凤,等.中国大型气田盖层特征[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(2):162-166.
[18]Yu Xuemin,Jiang Wenya,He Bingzhen,et al.Characteristics of the Paleogene gas reservoirs in Qikou Sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(2):183-189.于学敏,姜文亚,何炳振,等.歧口凹陷古近系天然气藏主要特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(2):183-189.
[19]Wang Yongkai.Geological characteristics and mechanism analysis of middle-deep tight sandstone gas accumulation in Qikou Sag[J].Mud Logging Engineering,2017,28(2):108-111.王永凯.歧口凹陷中深层致密砂岩气成藏地质特征与机理分析[J].录井工程,2017,28(2):108-111.
[20]Hua Shuangjun,Yu Chao,Sun Chaonan.Reservoir controlling factors for deep clastic reservoir and analysis on lower limits of effective resrvoir in the Qikou Sag[J].Journal of Yanan U-niversity:Natural Science Edition,2017,33(4):56-60.滑双君,于超,孙超囡.歧口凹陷深层储层控制因素与有效储层下限分析[J].延安大学学报:自然科学版,2017,33(4):56-60.
[21]Zhang Jing,Li Yong,Zhang Zili,et al.Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics analysis at Es3in Qibei Ramp of Qikou Sag[J].Geological Journals,2012,36(1):8-16.张晶,李勇,张自立,等.歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段成岩作用及其对储层影响分析[J].地质学刊,2012,36(1):8-16.
[22]Pu Xiugang,Chen Changwei,Liu Sa,et al.Lithologic reservoir exploration of Es3flexure slope break systems in Qibei Slope of Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2011,38(6):611-618.蒲秀刚,陈长伟,柳飒,等.歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段挠曲坡折体系与岩性油气藏勘探[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(6):611-618.