重庆市50岁及以上中老年人新近感染艾滋病后行为变化研究
|
摘要
目的了解重庆市中老年人感染艾滋病后短期内行为的变化情况,为老年人艾滋病防治提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究,按照1∶2匹配,选择渝中区和开州区分别代表主城区和非主城区的情况,开展面对面问卷调查和HIV、梅毒检测。结果病例组21.86%(61/279)认为自身健康状况较好,低于对照组的34.98%(198/566)。病例组去医院或诊所就诊的比例分别是13.00%(36/277)和2.9%(8/276),低于对照组的17.75%(101/569)和9.31%(53/569)。病例组艾滋病知识知晓率61.92%(174/281),高于对照组的38.67%(220/569)。病例组近半年发生过性行为的比例为12.46%(35/281),低于对照组的38.67%(158/569)。结论在感染HIV一年内,感染者的自我认知健康状况、就医行为、艾滋病知识知晓率、性行为等受到有一定的影响;感染者和社区居民均存在商业性行为中存在不使用安全套的情况,亟需加强中老年人特别是艾滋病感染者的健康教育。
Objective To understand the changes in short-term behaviors of middle-aged and elderly people with HIV in Chongqing,so as to provide evidence for AIDS prevention.Methods A case-control study was conducted with a 1∶2 matching.Yuzhong District and Kaizhou District were selected to represent the main urban area and non-main urban area,respectively.HIV and syphilis were tested after a face-to-face questionnaire.Results 34.98%(198/566)of the control group considered their health was good,better than 21.86%(61/279)of the case group.Moreover,the proportion of patients visited hospitals or clinics in the case group was 13.00%(36/277)and 2.9%(8/276),respectively,lower than that in the control group(17.75%(101/569)and 9.31%(53/569).The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge in the case group was 61.92%(174/281),higher than that of the control group with 38.67%(220/569).The proportion of sexual behaviors in the case group in the past six months was 12.46%(35/281),which was lower than the control group of 38.67%(158/569).Conclusion Within one year of HIV infection,the self-cognitive health status,medical treatment behavior,AIDS knowledge awareness rate,sexual behavior,etc.of the infected person are affected to some extent.The infected person and the community residents both have commercial behaviors and do not use condoms.In the situation,there is an urgent need to strengthen health education for the elderly,especially those living with HIV.
Objective To understand the changes in short-term behaviors of middle-aged and elderly people with HIV in Chongqing,so as to provide evidence for AIDS prevention.Methods A case-control study was conducted with a 1∶2 matching.Yuzhong District and Kaizhou District were selected to represent the main urban area and non-main urban area,respectively.HIV and syphilis were tested after a face-to-face questionnaire.Results 34.98%(198/566)of the control group considered their health was good,better than 21.86%(61/279)of the case group.Moreover,the proportion of patients visited hospitals or clinics in the case group was 13.00%(36/277)and 2.9%(8/276),respectively,lower than that in the control group(17.75%(101/569)and 9.31%(53/569).The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge in the case group was 61.92%(174/281),higher than that of the control group with 38.67%(220/569).The proportion of sexual behaviors in the case group in the past six months was 12.46%(35/281),which was lower than the control group of 38.67%(158/569).Conclusion Within one year of HIV infection,the self-cognitive health status,medical treatment behavior,AIDS knowledge awareness rate,sexual behavior,etc.of the infected person are affected to some extent.The infected person and the community residents both have commercial behaviors and do not use condoms.In the situation,there is an urgent need to strengthen health education for the elderly,especially those living with HIV.
引文
[1] Vollmer S,Harttgen K,Alfven TA,et al.The HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa is aging:evidence from the demographic and health surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa[J].AIDS and Behavior,2017,21(1):S101-S113.
[2] 刘仁泉,王禹鑫,王金兴,等.云南省昭通市2005-2014年老年人HIV/AIDS流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(2):137-140.
[3] 张维,卢戎戎,吴国辉.重庆市艾滋病疫情网络直报数据库老年人HIV/AIDS特征分析[J].重庆医学,2017,46(6):815-817.
[4] 朱晓艳,康殿民.HIV感染者/AIDS病人的心理状况及影响因素[J].预防医学论坛,2008,14(6):528-531.
[5] 邹雅琴,韩瑜,贾曼红,等.云南省50岁及以上HIV感染者/AIDS患者生命质量和社会支持相关性分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(11):1182-1183,1186.
[6] 周倩,李幻,石柳春.个性化护理干预对老年艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗复诊率的影响[J].医药前沿,2017,7(4):253-254.
[7] 陈宗良,周超,唐文革,等.重庆市主城区校外青少年艾滋病相关知识态度行为调查[J].现代预防医学,2017(9):1659-1663.
[8] Jurberg C.Unprotected sex has no age[J].Bulletin of the World Health Organization,2009,87(3):165-166.
[9] 陈宗良,申涛,吴国辉,等.2011-2015年重庆市主城9区艾滋病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(22):4042-4045,4057.
[10] 覃雄林.我国老年女性艾滋病感染现状及相关问题探讨[J].应用预防医学,2016,22(3):286-288.
[2] 刘仁泉,王禹鑫,王金兴,等.云南省昭通市2005-2014年老年人HIV/AIDS流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(2):137-140.
[3] 张维,卢戎戎,吴国辉.重庆市艾滋病疫情网络直报数据库老年人HIV/AIDS特征分析[J].重庆医学,2017,46(6):815-817.
[4] 朱晓艳,康殿民.HIV感染者/AIDS病人的心理状况及影响因素[J].预防医学论坛,2008,14(6):528-531.
[5] 邹雅琴,韩瑜,贾曼红,等.云南省50岁及以上HIV感染者/AIDS患者生命质量和社会支持相关性分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(11):1182-1183,1186.
[6] 周倩,李幻,石柳春.个性化护理干预对老年艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗复诊率的影响[J].医药前沿,2017,7(4):253-254.
[7] 陈宗良,周超,唐文革,等.重庆市主城区校外青少年艾滋病相关知识态度行为调查[J].现代预防医学,2017(9):1659-1663.
[8] Jurberg C.Unprotected sex has no age[J].Bulletin of the World Health Organization,2009,87(3):165-166.
[9] 陈宗良,申涛,吴国辉,等.2011-2015年重庆市主城9区艾滋病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(22):4042-4045,4057.
[10] 覃雄林.我国老年女性艾滋病感染现状及相关问题探讨[J].应用预防医学,2016,22(3):286-288.