计及MOSFET关断过程的LLC变换器死区时间选取及计算
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摘要
死区时间的合理选取是LLC变换器MOSFET开关管在宽调节范围内实现零电压开通(ZVS)以降低电磁干扰并提升运行效率的必要条件。现有选取方法因忽略MOSFET关断过程对死区时间的重要影响,选取结果实用性较差。通过理论研究给出了使LLC变换器在宽调节范围内实现ZVS的死区时间选取原则,参照该原则详细描述并合理简化最恶劣工况下计及MOSFET关断瞬态的LLC变换器工作过程。在此基础上,通过对MOSFET手册中数据的分析运用,精确算得最恶劣工况下LLC变换器实现ZVS所需死区时间的最小值,最终给出LLC变换器在宽调节范围内实现ZVS所需死区时间设定值的计算方法。该方法计算过程简单直观,实验结果亦验证了其正确性和有效性。
The rational selection of dead-time for the MOSFETs of LLC converter is essential to achieve the ZVS(Zero Voltage Switching) within a wide adjustment range for reducing the electromagnetic interference and improving the operational efficiency. The existing selection methods ignoring the influence of the MOSFET turn-off transient on the dead-time have lower applicability. Theoretical analysis is carried out to obtain the dead-time selection principles for achieving ZVS within a wide adjustment range of LLC converter,according to which,the operational behaviors of LLC converter including the turn-off transient of MOSFET in the worst operating conditions are exactly described and properly simplified. A method based on the specifications of MOSFET datasheet is presented for calculating the minimum dead-time required in the worst operating conditions to realize the ZVS within a wide adjustment range of LLC converter. The proposed method is simple and intuitive,and its correctness and validity are verified by the experimental results.
The rational selection of dead-time for the MOSFETs of LLC converter is essential to achieve the ZVS(Zero Voltage Switching) within a wide adjustment range for reducing the electromagnetic interference and improving the operational efficiency. The existing selection methods ignoring the influence of the MOSFET turn-off transient on the dead-time have lower applicability. Theoretical analysis is carried out to obtain the dead-time selection principles for achieving ZVS within a wide adjustment range of LLC converter,according to which,the operational behaviors of LLC converter including the turn-off transient of MOSFET in the worst operating conditions are exactly described and properly simplified. A method based on the specifications of MOSFET datasheet is presented for calculating the minimum dead-time required in the worst operating conditions to realize the ZVS within a wide adjustment range of LLC converter. The proposed method is simple and intuitive,and its correctness and validity are verified by the experimental results.
引文
[1]潘海燕,贺超,蒋友明,等.高效的LLC谐振变换器变模式控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(1):71-78.PAN Haiyan,HE Chao,JIANG Youming,et al.Efficient variant mode control of LLC resonant converter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(1):71-78.
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[11]BEIRANVAND R,RASHIDIAN B,ZOLGHADRI M R,et al.Optimizing the normalized dead-time and maximum switching frequency of a wide-adjustable-range LLC resonant converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(2):462-472.
[12]任仁,张方华,刘硕.基于LLC直流变压器(LLC-DCT)效率优化的死区时间与励磁电感设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(10):141-146.REN Ren,ZHANG Fanghua,LIU Shuo.Optimal design for efficiency based on the dead time and magnetizing inductance of LLC DC transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(10):141-146.
[13]张云,徐衍亮,李豹.基于动态电源的MOSFET驱动优化[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(12):269-275.ZHANG Yun,XU Yanliang,LI Bao.Research on optimization of MOSFET driving based on dynamic power source[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(12):269-275.
[14]孙亚秀,孙力,聂剑红,等.低干扰低损耗新型MOSFET三阶驱动电路[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(10):67-72.SUN Yaxiu,SUN Li,NIE Jianhong,et al.A novel three stage drive circuit for MOSFET to reduce electromagnetic interference noise and switching losses[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(10):67-72.
[15]严骏华,牟龙华,朱国锋.适用于光伏发电的多相并联Boost变换器相数调整电流的研究[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(10):71-77.YAN Junhua,MU Longhua,ZHU Guofeng.Research on phase shedding current of multiphase parallel Boost converter for PV system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(10):71-77.
[16]李乐,刘天琪.基于近邻传播聚类和回声状态网络的光伏预测[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(7):41-46.LI Le,LIU Tianqi.PV power forecasting based on AP-ESN[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(7):41-46.
[17]FANG Z,CAI T,DUAN S,et al.Optimal design methodology for LLC resonant converter in battery charging applications based on time-weighted average efficiency[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(10):5469-5483.
[18]BEIRANVAND R,RASHIDIAN B,ZOLGHADRI M R,et al.Wide adjustable range LLC resonant converter’s maximum switching frequency for realizing the ZVS operation[C]∥Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering.Isfahan,Iran:[s.n.],2010:745-752.
[19]XIONG Y,SUN S,JIA H,et al.New physical insights on power MOSFET switching losses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(2):525-531.
[2]刘和平,李金龙,苗轶如,等.无传感器混合式LLC电路同步整流数字控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(1):58-64.LIU Heping,LI Jinlong,MIAO Yiru,et al.Digital synchronous rectification control of sensorless hybrid LLC circuit[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(1):58-64.
[3]FANG X,HU H,SHEN Z J,et al.Operation mode analysis and peak gain approximation of the LLC resonant converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(4):1985-1995.
[4]FANG X,HU H,CHEN F,et al.Efficiency-oriented optimal design of the LLC resonant converter based on peak gain placement[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(5):2285-2296.
[5]YU R,HO G K Y,PONG B M H,et al.Computer-aided design and optimization of high-efficiency LLC series resonant converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(7):3243-3256.
[6]FENG W,LEE F C,MATTAVELLI P.Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control(SOTC)for LLC resonant converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(5):2415-2426.
[7]LEE I O,MOON G W.Analysis and design of a three level LLC series resonant converter for high and wide input voltage applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(6):2966-2979.
[8]DENG J,LI S,HU S,et al.Design methodology of LLC resonant converters for electric vehicle battery chargers[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2014,63(4):1581-1592.
[9]陈申,吕征宇,姚玮.LLC谐振型软开关直流变压器的研究与实现[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(10):163-169.CHEN Shen,L譈Zhengyu,YAO Wei.Research and verification on LLC resonant soft switching DC-DC transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(10):163-169.
[10]GU Y,LU Z,HANG L,et al.Three-level LLC series resonant DC/DC converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2005,20(4):781-789.
[11]BEIRANVAND R,RASHIDIAN B,ZOLGHADRI M R,et al.Optimizing the normalized dead-time and maximum switching frequency of a wide-adjustable-range LLC resonant converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(2):462-472.
[12]任仁,张方华,刘硕.基于LLC直流变压器(LLC-DCT)效率优化的死区时间与励磁电感设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(10):141-146.REN Ren,ZHANG Fanghua,LIU Shuo.Optimal design for efficiency based on the dead time and magnetizing inductance of LLC DC transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(10):141-146.
[13]张云,徐衍亮,李豹.基于动态电源的MOSFET驱动优化[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(12):269-275.ZHANG Yun,XU Yanliang,LI Bao.Research on optimization of MOSFET driving based on dynamic power source[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(12):269-275.
[14]孙亚秀,孙力,聂剑红,等.低干扰低损耗新型MOSFET三阶驱动电路[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(10):67-72.SUN Yaxiu,SUN Li,NIE Jianhong,et al.A novel three stage drive circuit for MOSFET to reduce electromagnetic interference noise and switching losses[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(10):67-72.
[15]严骏华,牟龙华,朱国锋.适用于光伏发电的多相并联Boost变换器相数调整电流的研究[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(10):71-77.YAN Junhua,MU Longhua,ZHU Guofeng.Research on phase shedding current of multiphase parallel Boost converter for PV system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(10):71-77.
[16]李乐,刘天琪.基于近邻传播聚类和回声状态网络的光伏预测[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(7):41-46.LI Le,LIU Tianqi.PV power forecasting based on AP-ESN[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(7):41-46.
[17]FANG Z,CAI T,DUAN S,et al.Optimal design methodology for LLC resonant converter in battery charging applications based on time-weighted average efficiency[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(10):5469-5483.
[18]BEIRANVAND R,RASHIDIAN B,ZOLGHADRI M R,et al.Wide adjustable range LLC resonant converter’s maximum switching frequency for realizing the ZVS operation[C]∥Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering.Isfahan,Iran:[s.n.],2010:745-752.
[19]XIONG Y,SUN S,JIA H,et al.New physical insights on power MOSFET switching losses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(2):525-531.