稻草不同还田方式对盐渍型水稻土铁形态的影响
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摘要
【目的】探讨适合北方地区的稻草合理还田方式。【方法】采用室内淹水培养方法,研究添加等碳的腐熟稻草(F)、直还稻草(Z)、稻草生物炭(S)等处理对滨海盐渍型水稻土铁存在形态的影响。【结果】在培养0~180 d中,F、Z处理土壤水溶态铁含量随培养时间呈现先降低再增高后降低的变化;各处理土壤的弱酸态铁含量随培养时间逐渐增加、残渣态铁含量随培养时间先增加后减少。培养90 d后,F、Z和S处理使土壤可还原态铁含量显著高于CK,且Z>F>S。培养180 d后,各处理土壤的水溶性铁和弱酸态铁含量显著高于CK,而残渣态铁含量均显著低于CK;土壤水溶性铁含量大小依次为:Z>S>F;土壤弱酸态铁含量大小依次为:Z>F>S。【结论】此试验条件下,不同稻草添加方式使滨海盐渍型水稻土的残渣态铁向水溶态铁和弱酸态铁转化,Z处理比S和F处理的增加幅度更大。
【Objective】The purpose of this work is to explore the rational use of the northern rice straw and appropriate way of its returning.【Method】A laboratory incubation experiment with the equivalent carbon application was used in this study. This study had three treatments,including F(rotted rice straw),Z(direct return of rice straw) and S(rice straw-derived biochar).【Results】Within the incubation period of 0~180 days,the water soluble iron in the F and Z treatments decreased firstly,then increased,and finally showed a decreasing tendency. The content of weak acidic soluble iron increased,while the content of residual iron increased firstly and then decreased. After 90 days incubation,the re duced iron contents in the F,Z and S treatments were significantly higher than that of CK,with an order of Z>F>S.After the 180 days incubation,both water soluble and weak acidic soluble iron in all treatments were significantly higher than those of CK but the opposite was true for residual iron. The water soluble iron followed an order of Z>S>F. The weak acidic soluble iron followed an order of Z>F>S.【Conclusions】Under the experimental conditions,rice straw addition is favorable to transfer residual iron into water soluble and weak acidic soluble iron in coastal saline paddy soil. The efficiency of Z treatment was better than that of both S and F treatments.
【Objective】The purpose of this work is to explore the rational use of the northern rice straw and appropriate way of its returning.【Method】A laboratory incubation experiment with the equivalent carbon application was used in this study. This study had three treatments,including F(rotted rice straw),Z(direct return of rice straw) and S(rice straw-derived biochar).【Results】Within the incubation period of 0~180 days,the water soluble iron in the F and Z treatments decreased firstly,then increased,and finally showed a decreasing tendency. The content of weak acidic soluble iron increased,while the content of residual iron increased firstly and then decreased. After 90 days incubation,the re duced iron contents in the F,Z and S treatments were significantly higher than that of CK,with an order of Z>F>S.After the 180 days incubation,both water soluble and weak acidic soluble iron in all treatments were significantly higher than those of CK but the opposite was true for residual iron. The water soluble iron followed an order of Z>S>F. The weak acidic soluble iron followed an order of Z>F>S.【Conclusions】Under the experimental conditions,rice straw addition is favorable to transfer residual iron into water soluble and weak acidic soluble iron in coastal saline paddy soil. The efficiency of Z treatment was better than that of both S and F treatments.
引文
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[6]游萍,贾蓉,曲东,唐珺瑶.控制光照条件下生物炭对水稻土中铁还原过程的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(1):101-108.
[7]蒋廷惠,胡蔼堂,秦怀英.土壤中锌、铜、铁、锰的形态与有效性的关系[J].土壤通报,1989,28(5):228-231,207.
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[9]邵煜庭,甄清香,刘世铎.甘肃主要农业土壤中Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe的形态及有效性研究[J].土壤学报,1995,32(4):423-429.
[10]刘文科,杜连凤,刘东臣.石灰性土壤中铁肥的形态转化及其供铁机理研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(3):344-348.
[11]张又弛,唐晓达,罗文邃.淹水还原条件下红壤中葡萄糖及腐殖酸对铁锰形态的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):270-277.
[12]崔德杰,张继宏.长期施肥及覆膜栽培对土壤锌、铜、锰的形态及有效性影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1998,35(2):260-265.
[13]孙强,李玉梅,田秀平.不同施肥处理对连作大豆白浆土中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2003,49(3):25-26,55.
[14]金星耀,梅守荣,杨永清.肥料定位试验中微量元素的变化[J].上海农业科技,1984(6):12-13.
[15]杨丽娟,李天来,付时丰,邱忠祥.长期施肥对菜田土壤微量元素有效性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(4):549-553.
[16]史吉平,张夫道,林葆.长期定位施肥对土壤中、微量营养元素的影响[J].土壤肥料,1999(1):3-6.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:76,101,268-270.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:206-207.
[19]王亚平,黄毅,王苏明,等.土壤和沉积物中元素的化学形态及其顺序提取法[J].地质通报,2005,24(8):728-734.
[20]高明,车福才,魏朝富,等.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(1):11-17.
[21]弓晓峰,杨菊云,刘春英,等.鄱阳湖典型湿地土壤铁形态分布特征[J].南昌大学学报(工科版),2015,37(1):1-6.
[22]梁硕,李月芬,汤洁,等.吉林西部土壤铁形态分布及其与土壤性质的关系研究[J].世界地质,2016,35(2):593-600.
[23]刘文科,王国英,杜连凤,等.果树专用肥供铁机理的研究[J].土壤肥料,2001,(4):29-31.
[24]袁程,王月,韩晓日,等.长期定位施肥对土壤铁、锰形态及剖面分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(1):115-122.
[25]O LOUGHLIME J,LARES-CASANOVA P,SCHERER M,et al.Green Rus-t Formation from the Bioreduction ofγ-Fe OOH(Lepidocrocite):Comparison of Several Shewanella Species[J].Geomicrobiolog-y Journal,2007,24(3/4):211-230.
[26]LEE J H,ROH Y,KIM K W,et al,Organic acid-dependent iron m-ineral formation by a newly isolated iron-reducing bacterium,Shewanellasp.HN41[J].Geomicrobiology Journal,2007,24(1):31-41.
[27]MACDONALD L H,MOONH S,JAFFE P R.The role of biomass,electron shuttles,and ferrous iron in the kinetics of Geobacter sulfurreducens mediated ferrihydrite reduction[J].Water Reserch,2011,45(3):1049-1062.
[28]陈心想,何绪生,耿增超,等.生物炭对不同土壤化学性质、小麦和糜子产量的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6534-6542.
[29]袁可能.植物营养元素的土壤化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:336-540.
[30]刘铮,朱其清.微量元素的农业化学[M].北京:农业出版社,1991:63-65.
[2]王学军,邓宝山,张泽浦.北京东郊污灌区表层土壤微量元素的小尺度空间结构特征[J].环境科学学报,1997,17(4):27-31.
[3]陆景陵.植物营养学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003:77-80.
[4]杨俊辉,李大祥,黄敏,等.石灰性土壤作物缺铁黄化的成因与对策[J].西南园艺,2000,28(2):8-9.
[5]王凡.长期秸秆还田及施用粪肥对小麦产量和矿质营养品质及重金属的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[6]游萍,贾蓉,曲东,唐珺瑶.控制光照条件下生物炭对水稻土中铁还原过程的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(1):101-108.
[7]蒋廷惠,胡蔼堂,秦怀英.土壤中锌、铜、铁、锰的形态与有效性的关系[J].土壤通报,1989,28(5):228-231,207.
[8]同延安,高宗,刘杏兰,朱克庄.有机肥及化肥对土中微量元素平衡的影响[J].土壤学报,1995,32(3):315-320.
[9]邵煜庭,甄清香,刘世铎.甘肃主要农业土壤中Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe的形态及有效性研究[J].土壤学报,1995,32(4):423-429.
[10]刘文科,杜连凤,刘东臣.石灰性土壤中铁肥的形态转化及其供铁机理研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(3):344-348.
[11]张又弛,唐晓达,罗文邃.淹水还原条件下红壤中葡萄糖及腐殖酸对铁锰形态的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):270-277.
[12]崔德杰,张继宏.长期施肥及覆膜栽培对土壤锌、铜、锰的形态及有效性影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1998,35(2):260-265.
[13]孙强,李玉梅,田秀平.不同施肥处理对连作大豆白浆土中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2003,49(3):25-26,55.
[14]金星耀,梅守荣,杨永清.肥料定位试验中微量元素的变化[J].上海农业科技,1984(6):12-13.
[15]杨丽娟,李天来,付时丰,邱忠祥.长期施肥对菜田土壤微量元素有效性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(4):549-553.
[16]史吉平,张夫道,林葆.长期定位施肥对土壤中、微量营养元素的影响[J].土壤肥料,1999(1):3-6.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:76,101,268-270.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:206-207.
[19]王亚平,黄毅,王苏明,等.土壤和沉积物中元素的化学形态及其顺序提取法[J].地质通报,2005,24(8):728-734.
[20]高明,车福才,魏朝富,等.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(1):11-17.
[21]弓晓峰,杨菊云,刘春英,等.鄱阳湖典型湿地土壤铁形态分布特征[J].南昌大学学报(工科版),2015,37(1):1-6.
[22]梁硕,李月芬,汤洁,等.吉林西部土壤铁形态分布及其与土壤性质的关系研究[J].世界地质,2016,35(2):593-600.
[23]刘文科,王国英,杜连凤,等.果树专用肥供铁机理的研究[J].土壤肥料,2001,(4):29-31.
[24]袁程,王月,韩晓日,等.长期定位施肥对土壤铁、锰形态及剖面分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(1):115-122.
[25]O LOUGHLIME J,LARES-CASANOVA P,SCHERER M,et al.Green Rus-t Formation from the Bioreduction ofγ-Fe OOH(Lepidocrocite):Comparison of Several Shewanella Species[J].Geomicrobiolog-y Journal,2007,24(3/4):211-230.
[26]LEE J H,ROH Y,KIM K W,et al,Organic acid-dependent iron m-ineral formation by a newly isolated iron-reducing bacterium,Shewanellasp.HN41[J].Geomicrobiology Journal,2007,24(1):31-41.
[27]MACDONALD L H,MOONH S,JAFFE P R.The role of biomass,electron shuttles,and ferrous iron in the kinetics of Geobacter sulfurreducens mediated ferrihydrite reduction[J].Water Reserch,2011,45(3):1049-1062.
[28]陈心想,何绪生,耿增超,等.生物炭对不同土壤化学性质、小麦和糜子产量的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6534-6542.
[29]袁可能.植物营养元素的土壤化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:336-540.
[30]刘铮,朱其清.微量元素的农业化学[M].北京:农业出版社,1991:63-65.