利用数学形态学滤波方法压制多次波
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摘要
传统的基于波动方程的多次波处理流程分为预测多次波模型和自适应匹配相减两步,但是在多次波能量和有效波能量交叉时难以取得很好的效果.本文引入数学形态学滤波的方法解决这个问题.在获取了较高精度的多次波预测模型后,通过取极值法和相关法获取多次波同向轴形态,并用数学形态学滤波方法在原始地震数据上提取并分离多次波.数学形态学滤波是一种非线性滤波方法,其计算在时域内完成,具有较快的运算速度和良好的并行性.同其他滤波方法相比,在多次波同向轴和有效波同向轴相交时,可以取得较好效果.本文介绍了形态学滤波的基本原理,并通过简单模型、Pluto数据和实际数据的测试,验证了方法的有效性.
Traditional multiple suppression approach includes two steps: multiple model prediction and adaptive subtraction,but the results of this method are not satisfied enough when the energy of multiples and primaries are mixed. Mathematical morphology method is a useful tool in signal processing. We introduce mathematical morphology method to solve this problem. We first get a predicted multiple model,and then get the form of multiple 's event by correlation and picking. Using the information of direction of events,we can extract the multiple from the original seismic dataset by mathematical morphology filter. This method is a nonliner method,all calculation are took in time domain. Comparing with other method,mathematical morphology filter can do a good job in the case of the events of multiples and primaries are intersected.This paper introduces the basic method of mathematical morphology.Through the processing of the model dataset,Pluto dataset and real seismic data,the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated.
Traditional multiple suppression approach includes two steps: multiple model prediction and adaptive subtraction,but the results of this method are not satisfied enough when the energy of multiples and primaries are mixed. Mathematical morphology method is a useful tool in signal processing. We introduce mathematical morphology method to solve this problem. We first get a predicted multiple model,and then get the form of multiple 's event by correlation and picking. Using the information of direction of events,we can extract the multiple from the original seismic dataset by mathematical morphology filter. This method is a nonliner method,all calculation are took in time domain. Comparing with other method,mathematical morphology filter can do a good job in the case of the events of multiples and primaries are intersected.This paper introduces the basic method of mathematical morphology.Through the processing of the model dataset,Pluto dataset and real seismic data,the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated.
引文
Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.1997.Estimation of multiple scattering b iterative inversion,part I:Theoretical considerations[J]Geophysics,62(5):1586-1595.
Berryhill J R,Kim Y C.1986.Deep-water peg legs and multiples Emulation and suppression[J].Geophysics,51(12):2177-2184
Bube K P,Langan R T.1997.Hybrid Ll1/Ll2minimization with applications to tomography[J].Geophysics,62(4):1183-1195.
Duan Z Y,Wang R Q.2010.Application of multi-scale morphology in seismic data processing[J].Chinese J.Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),33(2):135-140.
Guitton A,Verschuur D J.2004.Adaptive subtraction of multiples usin the L1-norm[J].Geophysical Prospecting,52(1):27-38.
Hampson D.1986.Inverse velocity stacking for multiple elimination[J]Journal of the Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysicists,22(1):44-55.
Kennett B L N.1979.The suppression of surface multiples on seismi records[J].Geophysical Prospecting,27(3):584-600
Li Q,Wang R Q,Huang W F,et al.2005.Method for morphologica filtering in seismic data processing[J].Petroleum Science,2(4)20-29.
Li X,Hu T Y.2009.Surface-related multiple removal with inverse scattering series method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,52(6):1633-1640,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.026.
Li X C,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2010.The adaptive subtraction of multiple using the equipoise multichannel L1-norm matching[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),53(4):963-973,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.04.021.
Lu W K.2011.Multiples suppression using L1-norm based polynomial approximation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(3):386-389.
Maston K H.1997.An inverse scattering series method for attenuating elastic multiples from multicomponent land and ocean bottom seismic data[Ph.D.thesis].Vancouver,Canada:University of British Columbia.
Matheron G.1975.Random Sets and Integral Geometry[M].New York:Wiley.
Pica A,Delmas L.2008.Wave equation based internal multiple modeling in 3D[J].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,27(1):2476-2480.
Robinson E A.1954.Predictive decomposition of time series with applications to seismic exploration[Ph.D.thesis].Cambridge,Mass:Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ryu J V.1982.Decomposition(DECOM)approach applied to wave field analysis with seismic reflection records[J].Geophysics,47(6):869-883.
Sava P,Guitton A.2005.Multiple attenuation in the image space[J].Geophysics,70(1):V10-V20.
Serra J.1972.Stereology and structuring elements[J].Journal of Microscopy,95(1):93-103.
Shi Y,Wang J M,Jing H L,et al.2013.Suppressing surface-related multiple by multi-trace adaptive matching filter approach[J].Chinese J.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),28(2):785-792
Taner M T.1980.Long period sea-floor multiples and their suppression[J].Geophysical Prospecting,28(1):30-48.
Verschuur D J.1991.Surface-related multiple elimination:An inversion approach[Ph.D.thesis].Delft:University of Technology.
Wang R Q,Li Q,Zhang M.2008.Application of multi-scaled morphology in denoising seismic data[J].Applied Geophysics(in Chinese),5(3):197-203,246.
Wang R Z.2003.Recognition and suppression of multiple waves[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),26(5):423-432.
Wang W H,Cui B W,Liu H.2007.Research progress in surfacerelated multiple attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),22(1):156-164,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.01.022.
Weglein A B.1999.Multiple attenuation:an overview of recent advances and the road ahead(1999)[J].The Leading Edge Geophysics,18(1):40-44.
Weglein A B,Gasparotto F A,Carvalho P M,et al.1997.An inversescattering series method for attenuating multiples in seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,62(6):1975-1989.
Wiggins J W.1988.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction[J].Geophysics,53(12):1527-1539.
Wu J,Wu Z Q,Hu T Y,et al.2013.Seismic internal multiple attenuation based on constructing virtual events[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics(in Chinese),56(3):985-994,doi:10.6038/cjg20130326.
Xiong D,Zhao W,Zhang J F.2009.Hybrid-domain high-resolution parabolic Radon transform and its application to demultiple[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),52(4):1068-1077,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.024.
Ye Y M,Zhuang X J,Yang C,et al.2014.Method for prediction of sea bottom related interval multiples[J].China Petroleum Exploration(in Chinese),19(3):72-77.
陈杰,王润秋,药芯蕊,等.2014.形态学滤波去除地震资料的线性干扰方法[C]//2014年中国地球科学联合学术年会---专题16:地球物理信息学的发展及应用论文集.中国地球物理学会,1.
段中钰,王润秋.2010.多尺度形态学在地震资料处理中的应用研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,33(2):135-140.
李青,王润秋,黄文锋,等.2005.地震资料数据处理中的形态滤波去噪方法(英文)[J].石油科学,2(4):20-29.
李翔,胡天跃.2009.逆散射级数法去除自由表面多次波[J].地球物理学报,52(6):1633-1640,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.026.
李学聪,刘伊克,常旭,等.2010.均衡多道1范数匹配多次波衰减的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,53(4):963-973,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.04.021.
陆文凯.2011.基于L1范数多项式拟合的多次波消除方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,46(3):386-389.
石颖,王建民,井洪亮,等.2013.多道自适应匹配滤波方法压制表面多次波[J].地球物理学进展,28(2):785-792.
王润秋,李青,张明.2008.多尺度形态学在地震去噪中的应用(英文)[J].应用地球物理,5(3):197-203,246.
王汝珍.2003.多次波识别与衰减[J].勘探地球物理进展,26(5):423-432.
王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.2007.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,22(1):156-164,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.01.022.
吴静,吴志强,胡天跃,等.2013.基于构建虚同相轴压制地震层间多次波[J].地球物理学报,56(3):985-994,doi:10.6038/cjg20130326.
熊登,赵伟,张剑锋.2009.混合域高分辨率抛物Radon变换及在衰减多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,52(4):1068-1077,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.024.
叶月明,庄锡进,杨存,等.2014.海底相关层间多次波预测方法[J].中国石油勘探,19(3):72-77.
Berryhill J R,Kim Y C.1986.Deep-water peg legs and multiples Emulation and suppression[J].Geophysics,51(12):2177-2184
Bube K P,Langan R T.1997.Hybrid Ll1/Ll2minimization with applications to tomography[J].Geophysics,62(4):1183-1195.
Duan Z Y,Wang R Q.2010.Application of multi-scale morphology in seismic data processing[J].Chinese J.Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),33(2):135-140.
Guitton A,Verschuur D J.2004.Adaptive subtraction of multiples usin the L1-norm[J].Geophysical Prospecting,52(1):27-38.
Hampson D.1986.Inverse velocity stacking for multiple elimination[J]Journal of the Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysicists,22(1):44-55.
Kennett B L N.1979.The suppression of surface multiples on seismi records[J].Geophysical Prospecting,27(3):584-600
Li Q,Wang R Q,Huang W F,et al.2005.Method for morphologica filtering in seismic data processing[J].Petroleum Science,2(4)20-29.
Li X,Hu T Y.2009.Surface-related multiple removal with inverse scattering series method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,52(6):1633-1640,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.026.
Li X C,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2010.The adaptive subtraction of multiple using the equipoise multichannel L1-norm matching[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),53(4):963-973,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.04.021.
Lu W K.2011.Multiples suppression using L1-norm based polynomial approximation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(3):386-389.
Maston K H.1997.An inverse scattering series method for attenuating elastic multiples from multicomponent land and ocean bottom seismic data[Ph.D.thesis].Vancouver,Canada:University of British Columbia.
Matheron G.1975.Random Sets and Integral Geometry[M].New York:Wiley.
Pica A,Delmas L.2008.Wave equation based internal multiple modeling in 3D[J].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,27(1):2476-2480.
Robinson E A.1954.Predictive decomposition of time series with applications to seismic exploration[Ph.D.thesis].Cambridge,Mass:Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ryu J V.1982.Decomposition(DECOM)approach applied to wave field analysis with seismic reflection records[J].Geophysics,47(6):869-883.
Sava P,Guitton A.2005.Multiple attenuation in the image space[J].Geophysics,70(1):V10-V20.
Serra J.1972.Stereology and structuring elements[J].Journal of Microscopy,95(1):93-103.
Shi Y,Wang J M,Jing H L,et al.2013.Suppressing surface-related multiple by multi-trace adaptive matching filter approach[J].Chinese J.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),28(2):785-792
Taner M T.1980.Long period sea-floor multiples and their suppression[J].Geophysical Prospecting,28(1):30-48.
Verschuur D J.1991.Surface-related multiple elimination:An inversion approach[Ph.D.thesis].Delft:University of Technology.
Wang R Q,Li Q,Zhang M.2008.Application of multi-scaled morphology in denoising seismic data[J].Applied Geophysics(in Chinese),5(3):197-203,246.
Wang R Z.2003.Recognition and suppression of multiple waves[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),26(5):423-432.
Wang W H,Cui B W,Liu H.2007.Research progress in surfacerelated multiple attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),22(1):156-164,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.01.022.
Weglein A B.1999.Multiple attenuation:an overview of recent advances and the road ahead(1999)[J].The Leading Edge Geophysics,18(1):40-44.
Weglein A B,Gasparotto F A,Carvalho P M,et al.1997.An inversescattering series method for attenuating multiples in seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,62(6):1975-1989.
Wiggins J W.1988.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction[J].Geophysics,53(12):1527-1539.
Wu J,Wu Z Q,Hu T Y,et al.2013.Seismic internal multiple attenuation based on constructing virtual events[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics(in Chinese),56(3):985-994,doi:10.6038/cjg20130326.
Xiong D,Zhao W,Zhang J F.2009.Hybrid-domain high-resolution parabolic Radon transform and its application to demultiple[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),52(4):1068-1077,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.024.
Ye Y M,Zhuang X J,Yang C,et al.2014.Method for prediction of sea bottom related interval multiples[J].China Petroleum Exploration(in Chinese),19(3):72-77.
陈杰,王润秋,药芯蕊,等.2014.形态学滤波去除地震资料的线性干扰方法[C]//2014年中国地球科学联合学术年会---专题16:地球物理信息学的发展及应用论文集.中国地球物理学会,1.
段中钰,王润秋.2010.多尺度形态学在地震资料处理中的应用研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,33(2):135-140.
李青,王润秋,黄文锋,等.2005.地震资料数据处理中的形态滤波去噪方法(英文)[J].石油科学,2(4):20-29.
李翔,胡天跃.2009.逆散射级数法去除自由表面多次波[J].地球物理学报,52(6):1633-1640,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.026.
李学聪,刘伊克,常旭,等.2010.均衡多道1范数匹配多次波衰减的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,53(4):963-973,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.04.021.
陆文凯.2011.基于L1范数多项式拟合的多次波消除方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,46(3):386-389.
石颖,王建民,井洪亮,等.2013.多道自适应匹配滤波方法压制表面多次波[J].地球物理学进展,28(2):785-792.
王润秋,李青,张明.2008.多尺度形态学在地震去噪中的应用(英文)[J].应用地球物理,5(3):197-203,246.
王汝珍.2003.多次波识别与衰减[J].勘探地球物理进展,26(5):423-432.
王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.2007.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,22(1):156-164,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.01.022.
吴静,吴志强,胡天跃,等.2013.基于构建虚同相轴压制地震层间多次波[J].地球物理学报,56(3):985-994,doi:10.6038/cjg20130326.
熊登,赵伟,张剑锋.2009.混合域高分辨率抛物Radon变换及在衰减多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,52(4):1068-1077,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.024.
叶月明,庄锡进,杨存,等.2014.海底相关层间多次波预测方法[J].中国石油勘探,19(3):72-77.