西藏扁头的年龄与生长特征
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摘要
为了解雅鲁藏布江扁头种群的生物学特征,制定合理的渔业资源管理和保护对策,于2012年4-9月、2016年3-9月采集西藏帕隆藏布支流东久河、鲁朗河和拉月曲的695尾扁头(Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis),以耳石为年龄材料,进行年龄与生长特征研究。结果表明:扁头群体样本体长分布范围为56~179 mm,雌雄体长分布有显著差异,范围分别为94~158 mm和98~179 mm;群体年龄范围为2~20龄,雄鱼年龄为5~18龄,雌鱼年龄为6~20龄;体长体重关系式为:W=3.330 6×10~(-5)SL~(2.81)(n=695,R~2=0.838),t检验表明种群为异速生长类型。采用von Bertalanffy方程拟合生长方程,雌雄鱼体长生长方程分别为:L_(t♀)=165.97[1-e~(-0.107(t+3.172))],L_(t♂)=200.31[1-e~(-0.073(t+3.933))];雌雄鱼的生长拐点分别为6.24龄和10.52龄,对应体长为105 mm和130 mm,对应体重为16.44 g和28.96 g。由于扁头生长缓慢,为保证扁头种群资源的可持续利用,在捕捞时建议选择大于130 mm的个体。
Age and growth parameters of P. kamengensis were estimated using otolith as aging materials in this study to understand the biological characteristics of Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis( Jayaram,1966) and develop rational fishery management measures to protect the population.. Totally 695 individual fishes were collected from April to September in 2012 and March to October in 2016,in Parlung Zangbo River,Tibet. Standard lengths ranged from 56 to 179 mm for all specimens. The body length for males and females had significant difference,94 to 158 mm for females,and 98 to 179 mm for males. Ages ranged from 2 to 20 for all specimens,6 to 20 years for females,and 5 to 18 years for males. The relationship between standard length and weight relation for P. kamengensis was described as W = 3. 330 6 × 10~(-5) SL~(2. 81)( n = 695,R~2= 0. 838),the t-test indicated that the growth of P. kamengensis was allometric. The von Bertalanffy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as L_(t♀)= 165. 97 [1-e~(-0. 107( t + 3. 172))],L_(t♂)= 200. 31 [1-e~(-0. 073( t + 3. 933))].Growth inflexion points were 6. 24 and 10. 52 years for females and males,respectively. The corresponding standard lengths and body weights were 105 mm and 16. 44 g for females and 130 mm and 28 g for males,respectively. To protect the resource of P. kamengensis,it is suggested that the minimum catchable size should be larger than 130 mm in individual standard length.
Age and growth parameters of P. kamengensis were estimated using otolith as aging materials in this study to understand the biological characteristics of Pareuchiloglanis kamengensis( Jayaram,1966) and develop rational fishery management measures to protect the population.. Totally 695 individual fishes were collected from April to September in 2012 and March to October in 2016,in Parlung Zangbo River,Tibet. Standard lengths ranged from 56 to 179 mm for all specimens. The body length for males and females had significant difference,94 to 158 mm for females,and 98 to 179 mm for males. Ages ranged from 2 to 20 for all specimens,6 to 20 years for females,and 5 to 18 years for males. The relationship between standard length and weight relation for P. kamengensis was described as W = 3. 330 6 × 10~(-5) SL~(2. 81)( n = 695,R~2= 0. 838),the t-test indicated that the growth of P. kamengensis was allometric. The von Bertalanffy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as L_(t♀)= 165. 97 [1-e~(-0. 107( t + 3. 172))],L_(t♂)= 200. 31 [1-e~(-0. 073( t + 3. 933))].Growth inflexion points were 6. 24 and 10. 52 years for females and males,respectively. The corresponding standard lengths and body weights were 105 mm and 16. 44 g for females and 130 mm and 28 g for males,respectively. To protect the resource of P. kamengensis,it is suggested that the minimum catchable size should be larger than 130 mm in individual standard length.
引文
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[30]黄自豪.大鳍异生长、食性、消化系统和肌肉营养研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.
[31]王永明,曹敏,谢碧文,等.大渡河流域黄石爬的年龄与生长[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(2):228-240.
[32]Pauly D.On the interrelationships between natural mortality,growth parameters,and mean environmental temperature in 175fish stocks[J].ICES J Mar Sci,1980,39(2):175-192.
[33]Musick J A.Ecology and conservation of long-lived marine animals[J].Am Fish Soc Symp,1999,23:1-10.
[2]朱秀芳,陈毅峰.巨须裂腹鱼年龄与生长的初步研究[J].动物学杂志,2009,4(3):76-82.
[3]段友健.拉萨裸裂尻鱼个体生物学和种群动态研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[4]陈毅峰,何德奎,曹文宣,等.色林错裸鲤的生长[J].动物学报,2002,48(5):667-676.
[5]李红敬.黑斑原个体生物学及种群生态研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2008.
[6]周建设,李宝海,潘瑛子,等.西藏渔业资源调查研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(5):53-57.
[7]李芳.西藏尼洋河流域水生生物研究及水电工程对其影响的预测评价[D].西安:西北大学,2009.
[8]陈锋,陈毅峰.拉萨河鱼类调查及保护[J].水生生物学报,2010,34:278-284.
[9]丁慧萍.茶巴朗湿地外来鱼类的生物学及其对土著鱼类的胁迫[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[10]杨汉运,黄道明,谢山,等.雅鲁藏布江中游渔业资源现状研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,3(6):120-126.
[11]伍献文,何名臣,褚新洛.西藏地区的科鱼类[J].海洋与湖沼,1981,12(1):74-79.
[12]褚新洛,郑葆珊,戴定远.中国动物志硬骨鱼纲鲇形目[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[13]武云飞,吴翠珍.青藏高原鱼类[M].成都:西川科学技术出版社,1992.
[14]Ng H H.Two new glyptosternine catfishes(Teleostei:Sisoridae)from Vietnam and China[J].Zootaxa,2004,428:1-12.
[15]姚景龙,严云志,高勇,等.扁头地理种群形态变异的研究兼论大鳍的物种有效[J].动物分类学报,2007,32(4):814-821.
[16]Kong D,Pan X,Yang J,et al.Distribution and length-weight relationships of Glyptosternoid fishes in the Drung River Basin,Yunnan[J].Zoo Res,2005,26:632-637.
[17]程尊兰,时亮,刘建康,等.帕隆藏布江上游冰湖分布及其变化[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(5):8-12.
[18]He W,Li Z,Liu J,et al.Validation of a method of estimating age,modelling growth,and describing the age composition of Coilia mystus from the Yangtze Estuary,China[J].ICES J Mar Sci,2008,6:1655-1661.
[19]MassutíE,Morales N B,Moranta J.Age and growth of bluemouth,Helicolenus dactylopterus(Osteichthyes scorpaenidae),in the western Mediterranean[J].Fish Res,2000,46(1):165-176.
[20]Beamish R J,Fournier D A.A Method for comparing the precision of a set of age determinations[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1981,38(8):982-983.
[21]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[22]Pauly D.Fish population dynamics in tropical waters:a manual for use with programmable calculators[M].ICLARM Stud Rev,1984,8:325.
[23]Von B L.A quantitative theory of organic growth(inquiries on growth lawsⅡ)[J].Hum Biol,1938,10:181-213.
[24]Munro J D,Pauly D.A smple method for comparing the growth of fishes and invertebrates[J].Fishbyte,1983,1(1):5-6.
[25]王雯,贾银涛,陈毅峰.绥芬河三种经济鱼类的生物学特性研究[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(5):466-470.
[26]王汨,王怀林,刘明镜,等.涪江下游福建纹胸可量性状的初步研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(21):10020-10022.
[27]缪学祖,殷名称.太湖花(鱼骨)生物学研究[J].水产学报,1983,7(1):31-44.
[28]Branstetter S.Age and growth estimates for blacktip Carcharhinus limbatus and spinner C.brevipinna sharks from the northwestern gulf of Mexico[J].Copeia,1987,(4):964-974.
[29]申严杰,蒲德永,高梅,等.福建纹胸年龄与生长的初步研究[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(1):106-110.
[30]黄自豪.大鳍异生长、食性、消化系统和肌肉营养研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.
[31]王永明,曹敏,谢碧文,等.大渡河流域黄石爬的年龄与生长[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(2):228-240.
[32]Pauly D.On the interrelationships between natural mortality,growth parameters,and mean environmental temperature in 175fish stocks[J].ICES J Mar Sci,1980,39(2):175-192.
[33]Musick J A.Ecology and conservation of long-lived marine animals[J].Am Fish Soc Symp,1999,23:1-10.