现代有轨电车工程轨道系统特殊设计要点
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摘要
现代有轨电车是构建城市多层次公共交通系统中的重要一环。结合广州海珠区现代有轨电车工程的建设情况,对现代有轨电车轨道工程的钢轨、钢轨护套、道岔以及平交道口轨道等特殊设计要点进行探析。有轨电车线路多为地面敷设,且在平交道口需与社会车辆共享路权条件,采用槽型轨优势明显,提出适用于该工程的槽型轨型号;钢轨护套能够对钢轨起到杂散电流防护、弹性过渡及减振降噪的作用,建议进行一体化设计;有轨电车道岔的选型需充分发挥其号码小、全长短、线型设计灵活等特点,提出选型及设计建议;对于有重型车辆通行的平交路口,通过有限元分析,提出预防措施。
Tramways play an important role in building multi-level public transport systems in cities. Along with the engineering design aspect of Guangzhou Haizhu modern tramways, special design points, such as grooved rail, rail sheath,turnout, and crossing track, are analyzed in this study. Tramways are a mode of road transport that encounter private vehicles at crossings. Therefore, there is an advantage of using grooved rails for tramway projects, and hence, an applicable grooved rail model is proposed. The rail sheath can be used to protect stray current, elastic transition, and vibration reduction.Furthermore, it is recommended to design the tramway as a whole. It is necessary to give full play to the tramway turnout characteristics of small type number, short in length, and flexible linear design, the selection and design suggestions are also proposed. For encounters with heavy vehicles at intersections, precautionary measures are proposed.
Tramways play an important role in building multi-level public transport systems in cities. Along with the engineering design aspect of Guangzhou Haizhu modern tramways, special design points, such as grooved rail, rail sheath,turnout, and crossing track, are analyzed in this study. Tramways are a mode of road transport that encounter private vehicles at crossings. Therefore, there is an advantage of using grooved rails for tramway projects, and hence, an applicable grooved rail model is proposed. The rail sheath can be used to protect stray current, elastic transition, and vibration reduction.Furthermore, it is recommended to design the tramway as a whole. It is necessary to give full play to the tramway turnout characteristics of small type number, short in length, and flexible linear design, the selection and design suggestions are also proposed. For encounters with heavy vehicles at intersections, precautionary measures are proposed.
引文
[1]杨珂.都市圈多层次轨道交通系统规划研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2017:2-6.YANG Ke.Research of multi-level rail traisit system planning in metropolitan area[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2017:2-6.
[2]苗彦英.低地板有轨电车车辆技术特征[J].城市交通,2013,11(4):39-43.MIAO Yanying.Technologies foe low-floor streetcar development[J].Urban transport of China,2013,11(4):39-43.
[3]苗彩霞.现代有轨电车系统特点及应用前景[J].都市快轨交通,2013,26(3):9-12.MIAO Caixia.Characteristics of modern tram and its application prospect[J].Urban rapid rail transit,2013,26(3):9-12.
[4]吴其刚.现代有轨电车系统发展的重难点及对策研究[J].铁道工程学报,2013,30(12):89-97.WU Qigang.Research on the emphasis and difficulties of modern tramcar system development and its countermeasures[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2013,30(12):89-97.
[5]丁静波.现代有轨电车系统轨道工程关键技术分析[J].铁道标准设计,2015,59(8):22-25.DING Jingbo.Analysis of key technologies in modern tram system track engineering[J].Railway Standard Design,2015,59(8):22-25.
[6]地下铁道工程施工及验收规范(2003年版):GB 50299-1999[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.Code of construction and acceptance of metro engineering(2003):GB 50299-1999[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.
[7]李兆林.企业铁路曲线护轮轨轮缘槽宽度的探讨[J].科技视界,2014(34):120.LI Zhaolin.Discussion on the width of rail wheel rim of the enterprise railway curve[J].Science&technology vision,2014(34):120.
[8]冉蕾,冯健,李俊玺.城市轨道交通高架桥防脱护轨设计研究[J].铁道标准设计,2011,55(1):42-44.RAN Lei,FENG Jian,LI Junxi.Study on the design of anti-off rail for urban rail transit viaduct.[J].Railway standard design,2011,55(1):42-44.
[9]铁道第三勘察设计院.大连市沙河口至东海公园现代有轨电车改造工程施工图[R].天津,2003.Railway third survey and design institute.Construction drawing of the modern tram transformation project of the Shahekou to Donghai park in Dalian city[R].Tianjin,2003.
[10]樊小平,张立军,李永茂.现代有轨电车59R2槽型钢轨6号单开道岔设计[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(7):61-65.FAN Xiaoping,ZHANG Lijun,LI Yongmao.Design of No.6 simple turnout with 59R2 grooved rail for modern tram[J].Railway standard design,2017,61(7):61-65.
[11]罗信伟,冯青松,柳宪东,等.现代有轨电车轨道路基联合优化分析[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(9):50-54.LUO Xinwei,FENG Qingsong,LIU Xiandong,et al.Joint optimization analysis of tack and subgrade of modern tram[J].Railway standard design,2017,61(9):50-54.
[2]苗彦英.低地板有轨电车车辆技术特征[J].城市交通,2013,11(4):39-43.MIAO Yanying.Technologies foe low-floor streetcar development[J].Urban transport of China,2013,11(4):39-43.
[3]苗彩霞.现代有轨电车系统特点及应用前景[J].都市快轨交通,2013,26(3):9-12.MIAO Caixia.Characteristics of modern tram and its application prospect[J].Urban rapid rail transit,2013,26(3):9-12.
[4]吴其刚.现代有轨电车系统发展的重难点及对策研究[J].铁道工程学报,2013,30(12):89-97.WU Qigang.Research on the emphasis and difficulties of modern tramcar system development and its countermeasures[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2013,30(12):89-97.
[5]丁静波.现代有轨电车系统轨道工程关键技术分析[J].铁道标准设计,2015,59(8):22-25.DING Jingbo.Analysis of key technologies in modern tram system track engineering[J].Railway Standard Design,2015,59(8):22-25.
[6]地下铁道工程施工及验收规范(2003年版):GB 50299-1999[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.Code of construction and acceptance of metro engineering(2003):GB 50299-1999[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.
[7]李兆林.企业铁路曲线护轮轨轮缘槽宽度的探讨[J].科技视界,2014(34):120.LI Zhaolin.Discussion on the width of rail wheel rim of the enterprise railway curve[J].Science&technology vision,2014(34):120.
[8]冉蕾,冯健,李俊玺.城市轨道交通高架桥防脱护轨设计研究[J].铁道标准设计,2011,55(1):42-44.RAN Lei,FENG Jian,LI Junxi.Study on the design of anti-off rail for urban rail transit viaduct.[J].Railway standard design,2011,55(1):42-44.
[9]铁道第三勘察设计院.大连市沙河口至东海公园现代有轨电车改造工程施工图[R].天津,2003.Railway third survey and design institute.Construction drawing of the modern tram transformation project of the Shahekou to Donghai park in Dalian city[R].Tianjin,2003.
[10]樊小平,张立军,李永茂.现代有轨电车59R2槽型钢轨6号单开道岔设计[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(7):61-65.FAN Xiaoping,ZHANG Lijun,LI Yongmao.Design of No.6 simple turnout with 59R2 grooved rail for modern tram[J].Railway standard design,2017,61(7):61-65.
[11]罗信伟,冯青松,柳宪东,等.现代有轨电车轨道路基联合优化分析[J].铁道标准设计,2017,61(9):50-54.LUO Xinwei,FENG Qingsong,LIU Xiandong,et al.Joint optimization analysis of tack and subgrade of modern tram[J].Railway standard design,2017,61(9):50-54.