轨道随机不平顺对高速铁路列车运行性能影响分析
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摘要
轨道几何不平顺不仅是列车动力响应的主要原因,也是列车运行安全性和平稳性的重要因素。基于SIMPACK多体动力学仿真软件,分析4种基本随机不平顺对高速列车直线运行性能和曲线运行性能的影响,对比不同激励类型下列车的安全性和平稳性指标,并推导出最不利影响激励和线路位置,为现场控制基本轨道不平顺,制定轨道养护维修和不平顺管理标准提供理论依据。分析结果表明:方向和高低随机不平顺分别对列车的横向加速度以及垂向加速度影响较大,轨距随机不平顺对曲线地段列车脱轨系数作用最大,方向随机不平顺对列车在直线和第二段缓和曲线处脱轨系数影响较大,同时在两段缓和曲线处轮重减载率也急剧增大,水平随机不平顺对两个缓和曲线地段处列车的脱轨系数影响较大。
The track geometric irregularity is not only the main cause of the train's dynamic response,but also the important factor of the safety and stability of train operation. This paper,based on the multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK,analyzes the influence of four kinds of basic random irregularities on high speed train's operating performance on straight line and curve line. The comparison of the safety and stability of the train running under different irregularity conditions and the derivation of the most unfavorable excitation and line position provide theoretical guidance for controlling the basic irregularities in railway maintenance and formulating the criterion for maintenance of track geometry and relevant managerial work. The final analysis results show that the direction and the longitudinal random irregularity pose great influences respectively on the lateral acceleration and vertical acceleration of the train. The gauge random irregularity has the greatest effect on the train derailment coefficient on curve section. The direction random irregularity affects the derailment coefficient of the train on straight line and the second section of transition curve. Meanwhile,the load reduction rate of wheel load increases sharply on the transition curve. Horizontal random irregularity brings greater influence on the derailment coefficient of the train on the two transition curve sections.
The track geometric irregularity is not only the main cause of the train's dynamic response,but also the important factor of the safety and stability of train operation. This paper,based on the multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK,analyzes the influence of four kinds of basic random irregularities on high speed train's operating performance on straight line and curve line. The comparison of the safety and stability of the train running under different irregularity conditions and the derivation of the most unfavorable excitation and line position provide theoretical guidance for controlling the basic irregularities in railway maintenance and formulating the criterion for maintenance of track geometry and relevant managerial work. The final analysis results show that the direction and the longitudinal random irregularity pose great influences respectively on the lateral acceleration and vertical acceleration of the train. The gauge random irregularity has the greatest effect on the train derailment coefficient on curve section. The direction random irregularity affects the derailment coefficient of the train on straight line and the second section of transition curve. Meanwhile,the load reduction rate of wheel load increases sharply on the transition curve. Horizontal random irregularity brings greater influence on the derailment coefficient of the train on the two transition curve sections.
引文
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[2] LEI X,NODA N-A. Analyses of dynamic response of vehicle and track coupling system with random irregularity of track vertical profile[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,258(1):147-165.
[3]蔡小培,郭亮武,侯博文,等.无砟轨道复合不平顺对高速行车的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2016,40(1):12-19.
[4]芦睿泉,练松良.轨道复合不平顺对提速列车运行影响的研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2005,2(5):1-22.
[5]李晓静.轨道不平顺激扰下高速列车振动特性分析[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.
[6]张重王,刘学毅,苏成光,等.不平顺谱对列车轨道系统动力性能影响的对比分析[J].铁道标准设计,2015,59(7):15-19.
[7]姜涵文,肖宏,安博伦.基于SIMPACK和ANSYS联合仿真的胶粘道砟过渡段动力学特性研究[J].铁道标准设计,2018,62(1):10-14.
[8]雷晓燕,汪振国,罗锟.城市轨道交通简支梁桥结构振动特性分析[J].铁道工程学报,2017,57(9):96-102.
[9]缪炳荣,肖守讷,金鼎昌.应用Simpack对复杂机车多体系统建模与分析方法的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2006,25(7):813-816.
[10]凌亮.高速列车-轨道三维刚柔耦合动力学研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[11]袁玄成,王开云,鑫,等.轨道不平顺波长和幅值对高速动车组动力学性能的影响分析[J].交通信息与安全,2018,36(2):1-9.
[12]田国英.高速铁路轨道不平顺功率谱及其与行车品质关系研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[13]左言言,常庆斌,耿烽,等.轨道高低不平顺激励下的车体振动仿真[J].江苏大学学报,2011,32(6):647-651.
[14]魏冲锋,轨道不平顺功率谱时域转换及其应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.
[15]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:240-254.
[16]高建敏.高速铁路无砟轨道谱的比较分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(4):715-723.
[17]王伟.轨道不平顺对地铁车辆动力学性能的影响分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[18]刘思莹,徐永绥,张军,等.轮径差对机车动力学性能及轮轨接触的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(28):125-130.
[19]任少伟.时速120 km轨道交通线路平面参数研究[J].铁道标准设计,2014,58(1):61-63.
[20]张荣鹤,王平,汪鑫,等.轨道不平顺作用下动车组安全运行速度限值研究[J].铁道标准设计,2018,62(10):1-7.