实体木材中甲醛释放研究
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摘要
甲醛释放限量是人造板及其制品健康环保的重要指标。确定科学合理的绿色人造板及其制品甲醛释放限量值,必须研究实体木材中甲醛的释放规律。为了制定绿色人造板及其产品的评价标准,文中介绍了实体木材的甲醛含量、甲醛的来源以及影响因素,分析木材中醛和酮的释放机制,并基于制定绿色人造板标准的需要提出了研究展望。
Formaldehyde Emission Limit is an important index for health and environmental safety of woodbased panel and its products. In order to determine the science-based and reasonable formaldehyde emission limit value for green wood-based panel and its products,it is necessary to study the law of formaldehyde emission from solid wood. In order to develop the evaluation standard for green wood-based panel and its products,this paper introduced the formaldehyde content,sources and influencing factors of formaldehyde in solid wood,and analyzed the release mechanism of aldehydes and ketones in solid wood. The research prospect was put forward based on the requirement of green wood-based panel standard.
Formaldehyde Emission Limit is an important index for health and environmental safety of woodbased panel and its products. In order to determine the science-based and reasonable formaldehyde emission limit value for green wood-based panel and its products,it is necessary to study the law of formaldehyde emission from solid wood. In order to develop the evaluation standard for green wood-based panel and its products,this paper introduced the formaldehyde content,sources and influencing factors of formaldehyde in solid wood,and analyzed the release mechanism of aldehydes and ketones in solid wood. The research prospect was put forward based on the requirement of green wood-based panel standard.
引文
[1]ISAKSSON M,ZIMERSON E,BRUZE M.Occupational dermatosis in composite production[J].Journal of Occupational&Environmental Medicine,1999,41(4):261-266.
[2]SCHFER M,ROFFAEL E.On the formaldehyde release of wood[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2000,58:259-264.
[3]MOHAMED Z M S,MARTIN B.Understanding of formaldehyde emissions from solid wood:an overview[J].Bioresources,2013,8(3):4775-4790.
[4]JIANG T,GARDNER D J,BAUMANN M G D.Volatile organic compound emissions arising from the hot-pressing of mixed hardwood particleboard[J].Forest Products Journal,2002,52(11/12):66-77.
[5]BIRKELAND M J,LORENZ L,WESCOTT J M,et al.Determination of native(wood derived)formaldehyde by the desiccator method in particleboards generated during panel production[J].Holzfoschung,2010,64(4):429-433.
[6]MEYER B,BOEHME C.Formaldehyde emission from solid wood[J].Forest Products Journal,1997,47(5):45-48.
[7]BHM M,SALEM M Z M,SRBA J.Formaldehyde emission monitoring from a variety of solid wood,plywood,blockboard and flooring products manufactured for building and furnishing materials[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012(6):221-222.
[8]梅长彤,周定国,段素英.几种木材甲醛释放量的测定[J].林产工业1998,28(2):34-35.
[9]龙玲,王金林.4种木材常温下醛和萜烯挥发物的释放[J].木材工业,2007,21(3):14-17.
[10]SCHFER M,ROFFAEL E.Einfluβder Extraktstoffe von Fichtenund Kiefernspnen auf die Formaldehyd-Abgabe[J].Holz als Rohund Werkstoff,1999,57(5):258.
[11]FENGEL D,WEGENER G.Wood chemistry,ultrastructure,reactions[M].New York:Walter de Gruyter,1984.
[12]BACK E L,BJRKLUND M,JANSON M.Harzkomponenten im Holz und Auswaschungderselben nach einer Sulfatkochung[J].Wochenblatt für Papierfabrikation,1987,115(8),339-349.
[13]SCHFER M.Einfug der Lagerung von Fichten-und KiefernIndustrierestholz aus der Proflzerspanungauf die Eigenschaften von Spanplatten und mitteldichten Faserplatten(MDF)[D].G9ttingen:Forstwissenschaftlichen Fachbereich der Georg-AugustUniversit9t,1996.
[14]OLAKOLU G,OLAK S,TFEKI M.Einfluβder Dmpfung und Trocknung von Furnieren auf deren Acetylgruppengehalt und die Formaldehydabgabe von Sperrholz[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1998,56(2):121-123.
[15]FREUDENBERG K,HARDER M.ber die Abspaltung von Formaldehyd bei der thermischen Behandlung von Holzspnen.Teil I:Modell-Versuche[J].Holzforschung,1977,31(1):8-12.
[16]MARTNEZ E,BELANCHE M.I.Influence of veneer wood species on plywood formaldehyde emission and content[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2000,58(1/2):31-34.
[17]IRLE M,BELLONCLE C,GUEZGUEZ B.Free formaldehyde–Where can I find it?[C]//Proceedings of International Panel Products Symposium,Espoo,Finland,2008.
[18]AYDIN I,COLAKOGLU G,COLAK S,et al.Effects of moisture content on formaldehyde emission and mechanical properties of plywood[J].Building and Environment,2006,41(10):1311-1316.
[19]SALEM M Z M,BHM M,SRBA J,et al.Evaluation of formaldehyde emission from different types of wood-based panels and flooring materials using different standard test methods[J].Building and Environment,2012,49(5):86-96.
[20]SALEM M Z M,BHM M,BARCK,et al.Inter-laboratory comparison of formaldehyde emission from particleboard using ASTM D 6007–02 method[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2012,70(5):621-628.
[21]龙玲.杉木和尾叶桉干燥中有机挥发物及人造板甲醛释放的研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2006.
[22]龙玲,陆熙娴.杉木干燥过程中的有机挥发物释放[J].林业科学,2008,1(1):107-116.
[23]COLAK S,OLAKOLU G,KALAYCIOGLU H,et al.Effects of log storage conditions and steaming process on the formaldehyde emissions of particleboard manufactured from Eucalyptus(E.camaldulensis)wood[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2009,67(4):379-382.
[24]NEMLI G,ZTRK.Influences of some factors on the formaldehyde content of particleboard[J].Building and Environment,2006 41(6):770-774.
[25]ROFFAEL E,BEHN C,DIX B.On the formaldehyde release of wood particles[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2012,70(6):911-912.
[26]BORUSZEWSKI P,BORYSIUK P,MAMISKI M,et al.Formaldehyde emission from raw materials for particleboard production at the beginning of processing chain[C].2nd International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications,2011.
[27]SHMULSKY R.Influence of lumber dimension on VOC emissions from kiln-drying loblolly pine lumber[J].Forest Products Journal,2000,50(3):63-66.
[28]ROFFAEL E,DIX B,SCHNEIDER T.Influence of pulping process on the emission of formaldehyde and volatile organic acids from pulps and medium density fiberboards(MDF)[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2007,65(2):145-148.
[29]ROFFAEL E.On the release of volatile acids from wood-based panels-chemical aspects[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2008,66(5):373-378.
[30]FAIX O,MEIER D,FORTMANN I.Thermal degradation products of wood:gas chromatography separation and mass spectrometric characterization of monomeric lignin derived products[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1990,48(7/8):281-285.
[31]FAIX O,FORTMANN I,BREMER J,et al.Thermal degradation products of wood:gas chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric characterization of polysaccharide derived products[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1991,49(5):213-219.
[32]徐方圆,解玉林,刘霞,等.文物藏展常用木材挥发性酸快速检测评价方法研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2010,5(2):1-4.
[2]SCHFER M,ROFFAEL E.On the formaldehyde release of wood[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2000,58:259-264.
[3]MOHAMED Z M S,MARTIN B.Understanding of formaldehyde emissions from solid wood:an overview[J].Bioresources,2013,8(3):4775-4790.
[4]JIANG T,GARDNER D J,BAUMANN M G D.Volatile organic compound emissions arising from the hot-pressing of mixed hardwood particleboard[J].Forest Products Journal,2002,52(11/12):66-77.
[5]BIRKELAND M J,LORENZ L,WESCOTT J M,et al.Determination of native(wood derived)formaldehyde by the desiccator method in particleboards generated during panel production[J].Holzfoschung,2010,64(4):429-433.
[6]MEYER B,BOEHME C.Formaldehyde emission from solid wood[J].Forest Products Journal,1997,47(5):45-48.
[7]BHM M,SALEM M Z M,SRBA J.Formaldehyde emission monitoring from a variety of solid wood,plywood,blockboard and flooring products manufactured for building and furnishing materials[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012(6):221-222.
[8]梅长彤,周定国,段素英.几种木材甲醛释放量的测定[J].林产工业1998,28(2):34-35.
[9]龙玲,王金林.4种木材常温下醛和萜烯挥发物的释放[J].木材工业,2007,21(3):14-17.
[10]SCHFER M,ROFFAEL E.Einfluβder Extraktstoffe von Fichtenund Kiefernspnen auf die Formaldehyd-Abgabe[J].Holz als Rohund Werkstoff,1999,57(5):258.
[11]FENGEL D,WEGENER G.Wood chemistry,ultrastructure,reactions[M].New York:Walter de Gruyter,1984.
[12]BACK E L,BJRKLUND M,JANSON M.Harzkomponenten im Holz und Auswaschungderselben nach einer Sulfatkochung[J].Wochenblatt für Papierfabrikation,1987,115(8),339-349.
[13]SCHFER M.Einfug der Lagerung von Fichten-und KiefernIndustrierestholz aus der Proflzerspanungauf die Eigenschaften von Spanplatten und mitteldichten Faserplatten(MDF)[D].G9ttingen:Forstwissenschaftlichen Fachbereich der Georg-AugustUniversit9t,1996.
[14]OLAKOLU G,OLAK S,TFEKI M.Einfluβder Dmpfung und Trocknung von Furnieren auf deren Acetylgruppengehalt und die Formaldehydabgabe von Sperrholz[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1998,56(2):121-123.
[15]FREUDENBERG K,HARDER M.ber die Abspaltung von Formaldehyd bei der thermischen Behandlung von Holzspnen.Teil I:Modell-Versuche[J].Holzforschung,1977,31(1):8-12.
[16]MARTNEZ E,BELANCHE M.I.Influence of veneer wood species on plywood formaldehyde emission and content[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2000,58(1/2):31-34.
[17]IRLE M,BELLONCLE C,GUEZGUEZ B.Free formaldehyde–Where can I find it?[C]//Proceedings of International Panel Products Symposium,Espoo,Finland,2008.
[18]AYDIN I,COLAKOGLU G,COLAK S,et al.Effects of moisture content on formaldehyde emission and mechanical properties of plywood[J].Building and Environment,2006,41(10):1311-1316.
[19]SALEM M Z M,BHM M,SRBA J,et al.Evaluation of formaldehyde emission from different types of wood-based panels and flooring materials using different standard test methods[J].Building and Environment,2012,49(5):86-96.
[20]SALEM M Z M,BHM M,BARCK,et al.Inter-laboratory comparison of formaldehyde emission from particleboard using ASTM D 6007–02 method[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2012,70(5):621-628.
[21]龙玲.杉木和尾叶桉干燥中有机挥发物及人造板甲醛释放的研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2006.
[22]龙玲,陆熙娴.杉木干燥过程中的有机挥发物释放[J].林业科学,2008,1(1):107-116.
[23]COLAK S,OLAKOLU G,KALAYCIOGLU H,et al.Effects of log storage conditions and steaming process on the formaldehyde emissions of particleboard manufactured from Eucalyptus(E.camaldulensis)wood[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2009,67(4):379-382.
[24]NEMLI G,ZTRK.Influences of some factors on the formaldehyde content of particleboard[J].Building and Environment,2006 41(6):770-774.
[25]ROFFAEL E,BEHN C,DIX B.On the formaldehyde release of wood particles[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2012,70(6):911-912.
[26]BORUSZEWSKI P,BORYSIUK P,MAMISKI M,et al.Formaldehyde emission from raw materials for particleboard production at the beginning of processing chain[C].2nd International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications,2011.
[27]SHMULSKY R.Influence of lumber dimension on VOC emissions from kiln-drying loblolly pine lumber[J].Forest Products Journal,2000,50(3):63-66.
[28]ROFFAEL E,DIX B,SCHNEIDER T.Influence of pulping process on the emission of formaldehyde and volatile organic acids from pulps and medium density fiberboards(MDF)[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2007,65(2):145-148.
[29]ROFFAEL E.On the release of volatile acids from wood-based panels-chemical aspects[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,2008,66(5):373-378.
[30]FAIX O,MEIER D,FORTMANN I.Thermal degradation products of wood:gas chromatography separation and mass spectrometric characterization of monomeric lignin derived products[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1990,48(7/8):281-285.
[31]FAIX O,FORTMANN I,BREMER J,et al.Thermal degradation products of wood:gas chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric characterization of polysaccharide derived products[J].Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff,1991,49(5):213-219.
[32]徐方圆,解玉林,刘霞,等.文物藏展常用木材挥发性酸快速检测评价方法研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2010,5(2):1-4.