2006-2017年陕西农村居民伤害监测病例特征分析
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摘要
目的了解陕西省农村地区伤害流行的特征和变化趋势,为制定伤害干预和防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2006年至2017年首次就诊于陕西省眉县3家伤害监测哨点医院门急诊的伤害病例,对伤害病例的人口学特征、伤害基本情况及相关临床特征等进行分析。结果共收集39 634例伤害病例,其中男性26 164例,女性13 470例,男女性别比为1. 20∶1;收集到的女性病例所占比重逐年增加。年龄中位数为41岁,其中40～59岁组最多,占全部收集病例的37. 01%。前5位伤害发生原因依次为机动车车祸(32. 49%)、跌倒/坠落(27. 66%)、钝器伤(16. 01%)、刀/锐器伤(7. 22%)和中毒(6. 27%)。伤害的发生地点主要为公路/街道(41. 08%)和家中(29. 55%)。伤害严重程度依次为轻度(50. 89%)、中度(40. 76%)和重度(8. 35%)。结论本研究显示,陕西省农村地区伤害病例中女性所占的比例逐年增高,老年人口伤害问题日趋严重。因此,针对不同性别、不同年龄的人群制定并开展相应的防控行动计划,是今后伤害防控的重要工作内容。
Objective To understand the characteristics and trend of injuries in rural areas of Shaanxi Province,and to provide a scientific basis for injury prevention and control. Methods Cases from 3 injury surveillance hospitals in Mei County,Shaanxi Province,were collected from 2006 to 2017. The demographic characteristics,injury status and clinical features of injury cases were analyzed by constituent ratio. Results A total of 39 634 injury cases were collected,including 26 164 males and 13 470 females with the ratio of sex was 1. 20∶ 1. The proportion of female cases increased year by year. The median age was 41 years,of which 40-59 was the major age group,accounting for 37. 01% of all cases. The first five injury causes were motor vehicle accidents( 32. 49%),falls( 27. 66%),blunt injuries( 16. 01%),knife/sharp injuries( 7. 22%) and poisoning( 6. 27%). Injuries occurred mainly on highways( streets)( 41. 08%) and homes( 29. 55%). The severity of the injury was mild( 50. 89%),moderate( 40. 76%) and severe( 8. 35%). Conclusion The study shows that the proportion of women is increasing year by year,and the problem of the injury of the elderly becomes more serious. Therefore,formulating and carrying out corresponding prevention and control action plans for different sex and age groups is an important task for future injury prevention and control.
Objective To understand the characteristics and trend of injuries in rural areas of Shaanxi Province,and to provide a scientific basis for injury prevention and control. Methods Cases from 3 injury surveillance hospitals in Mei County,Shaanxi Province,were collected from 2006 to 2017. The demographic characteristics,injury status and clinical features of injury cases were analyzed by constituent ratio. Results A total of 39 634 injury cases were collected,including 26 164 males and 13 470 females with the ratio of sex was 1. 20∶ 1. The proportion of female cases increased year by year. The median age was 41 years,of which 40-59 was the major age group,accounting for 37. 01% of all cases. The first five injury causes were motor vehicle accidents( 32. 49%),falls( 27. 66%),blunt injuries( 16. 01%),knife/sharp injuries( 7. 22%) and poisoning( 6. 27%). Injuries occurred mainly on highways( streets)( 41. 08%) and homes( 29. 55%). The severity of the injury was mild( 50. 89%),moderate( 40. 76%) and severe( 8. 35%). Conclusion The study shows that the proportion of women is increasing year by year,and the problem of the injury of the elderly becomes more serious. Therefore,formulating and carrying out corresponding prevention and control action plans for different sex and age groups is an important task for future injury prevention and control.
引文
[1]卫生部疾病预防控制局,卫生部统计信息中心,中国疾病预防控制中心.中国伤害预防报告[R].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
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[5]刘峰,庄贵华. 2006年陕西省眉县居民伤害发生状况分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2008,16(2):170-173.
[6]汪媛,段蕾蕾,纪翠蓉,等. 2006-2011年我国城乡地区门急诊伤害发生情况[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(10):861-864.
[7]陈文婕,钱永刚,席云峰. 2011-2015年内蒙古农村居民伤害监测病例特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(13):2364-2367.
[8]姚敏芳,邱晶. 126790例伤害监测病例特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(10):1826-1829,1841.
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[11]栗华,胡小杰,张中朝,等. 2006~2010年河北省老年人口伤害监测分析[J].中国健康教育,2011,27(9):661-663,670.
[12]王晓莉,张龙,张银娥,等.宁夏银川市2006-2011年伤害监测病例流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(18):3278-3281.
[13]嘎玛仓决,白国霞,平措卓玛,等. 2006-2015年间西藏自治区伤害监测报告病例分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(22):4183-4187.
[14]中国疾病预防控制中心,慢性非传染病性疾病预防控制中心.全国伤害医院监测数据集(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2018.
[2]邹亚明,郝元涛.我国伤害所致死亡损失生命年和经济负担分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(5):495-499.
[3] Holder Y,Peden M,Krug E,et al. Injury surveillance guidelines[M]. Genva:World Health Organization,2001.
[4]段蕾蕾,吴凡,杨功焕,等.全国伤害监测系统发展[J].中国健康教育,2012,28(4):338-341.
[5]刘峰,庄贵华. 2006年陕西省眉县居民伤害发生状况分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2008,16(2):170-173.
[6]汪媛,段蕾蕾,纪翠蓉,等. 2006-2011年我国城乡地区门急诊伤害发生情况[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(10):861-864.
[7]陈文婕,钱永刚,席云峰. 2011-2015年内蒙古农村居民伤害监测病例特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(13):2364-2367.
[8]姚敏芳,邱晶. 126790例伤害监测病例特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(10):1826-1829,1841.
[9]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴(2007)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2007.
[10]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴(2017)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[11]栗华,胡小杰,张中朝,等. 2006~2010年河北省老年人口伤害监测分析[J].中国健康教育,2011,27(9):661-663,670.
[12]王晓莉,张龙,张银娥,等.宁夏银川市2006-2011年伤害监测病例流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(18):3278-3281.
[13]嘎玛仓决,白国霞,平措卓玛,等. 2006-2015年间西藏自治区伤害监测报告病例分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(22):4183-4187.
[14]中国疾病预防控制中心,慢性非传染病性疾病预防控制中心.全国伤害医院监测数据集(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2018.