基于FEM-SPH耦合方法的玉石地下开采爆破试验研究
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摘要
以爆破方式开采经济价值高的层状玉石矿为研究对象,为降低爆破对玉石矿的损伤,利用FEMSPH耦合数值模拟方法和现场试验研究三种不同爆破方法条件下岩体损伤范围。模拟结果显示:在层状玉石矿上方布置预裂炮孔以及主炮孔内采用分层装药爆破方法对底部玉石矿的保护效果最佳,较矿山原有爆破方法,玉石矿所受应力降低60%以上,振动峰值降低80%以上。现场试验结果显示:原有爆破方法爆破破裂圈半径超过0. 90 m,分层间隔爆破和预裂爆破加分层间隔爆破方法的爆破破裂圈半径分别为0. 62 m和0. 40 m。研究结果表明:采用预裂爆破加分层间隔爆破方法能有效提高层状玉矿石的完整性,增加矿山经济效益。
Blasting method is used to exploit the layered jade with high economic value. In order to reduce the blasting damage in jade ore,rock mass damage from three different blasting methods is analyzed with FEM-SPH coupling numerical simulation and field test. Simulation results show that the protection effect of the jade ore is the best when the pre-splitting blasting above layered jade ore and air-decked charge blasting for production are adopted at the same time,comparing to the previous blasting method in that mine. Stress in jade ore is lowered by more than60%,and vibration particle peak velocity is lowered by more than 80%. Field test results show that the blasting fracture circle radius with the employed blasting method is more than 0. 90 m and blasting fracture circle radius with airdecked charge blasting is 0. 62 m. Blasting fracture circle radius with pre-split blasting and air-decked blast is0. 40 m. It can be seen from the research results that the combination of pre-split blasting and air-decked charge blasting can effectively improve the integrity of layered jade ore and increase the economic benefit of the mine.
Blasting method is used to exploit the layered jade with high economic value. In order to reduce the blasting damage in jade ore,rock mass damage from three different blasting methods is analyzed with FEM-SPH coupling numerical simulation and field test. Simulation results show that the protection effect of the jade ore is the best when the pre-splitting blasting above layered jade ore and air-decked charge blasting for production are adopted at the same time,comparing to the previous blasting method in that mine. Stress in jade ore is lowered by more than60%,and vibration particle peak velocity is lowered by more than 80%. Field test results show that the blasting fracture circle radius with the employed blasting method is more than 0. 90 m and blasting fracture circle radius with airdecked charge blasting is 0. 62 m. Blasting fracture circle radius with pre-split blasting and air-decked blast is0. 40 m. It can be seen from the research results that the combination of pre-split blasting and air-decked charge blasting can effectively improve the integrity of layered jade ore and increase the economic benefit of the mine.
引文
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[2] ZHOU Guang-zheng,GE Wei,LI Jing-hai. Theoretical analysis on the applicability of traditional SPH method[J].Chemistry Engineering,2013,24:2970-2978.
[3]周杰,徐胜利.弹丸入水特性的SPH计算模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2016,36(3):326-332.ZHOU Jie,XU Sheng-li. SPH simulation on the behaviors of projectile water entry[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves,2016,36(3):326-332.(in Chinese)
[4]姜忠涛,王雷,孙鹏楠,等.基于SPH-FEM方法的水下近场爆炸数值模拟研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(2):129-135.JIANG Zhong-tao,WANG Lei,SUN Peng-nan,et al. Numerical investigation on near-field underwater explosion using SPH-FEM method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(2):129-135.(in Chinese)
[5]初文华,张阿漫,明付仁,等. SPH-FEM耦合算法在爆炸螺栓解锁分离过程中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(23):197-202.CHU Wen-hua,ZHANG A-man,MING Fu-ren,et al. Application of three dimensional SPH-FEM coupling method in unlocking process of an explosion bolt[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(23):197-202.(in Chinese)
[6] LIN J,NACEUR H,COUTELLIER D,et al. Geometrically nonlinear analysis of thin-walled structures using efficient Shell-based SPH method[J]. Computational Materials Science,2014,85:127-133.
[7] WANG Guo-wei,CHEN Yu-ming,LIU Han-long,et al.Numerical simulation of explosion in soil based on a coupled SPH-FEM algorithm[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013(7):2104-2109.
[8]蔡峰,刘泽功.岩石爆破损伤SPH-FEM耦合法数值模拟分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015(5):840-845.CAI Feng,LIU Ze-gong. Numerical simulation and analysis of blasting process in rock using SPH-FEM coupling algorithm[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015(5):840-845.(in Chinese)
[9]田永军,段国林,姚涛,等.基于SPH-FEM耦合方法的圆锯片切割石材数值仿真研究[J].机械设计,2017,34(2):33-38.TIAN Yong-jun,DUAN Guo-lin,YAO Tao,et al. Numerical simulation of stone cutting with circle saw based oncoupling method of SPH-FEM[J]. Journal of Machine Design,2017,34(2):33-38.(in Chinese)
[10]王志超,李大鸣.基于SPH-DEM流-固耦合算法的滑坡涌浪模拟[J].岩土力学,2017,38(4):1226-1232.WANG Zhi-chao,LI Da-ming. Fluid-structure coupling algorithm based on SPH-DEM and application to simulate landslide surge[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(4):1226-1232.(in Chinese)
[11]王吉,王肖钧,卞梁.光滑粒子法与有限元的耦合算法及其在冲击动力学中的应用[J].爆炸与冲击,2007,27(6):522-528.WANG Ji,WANG Xiao-yun,BIAN Liang. Coupling algorithm of smooth particle method and finite element method and its application in impact dynamics[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves,2007,27(6):522-528.(in Chinese)
[12] LIN J,NACEUR H,COUTELLIER D,et al. Efficient meshless SPH method for the numerical modeling of thick shell structures undergoing large deformations[J].International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics,2014,65:1-13.
[13]唐宇峰,施富强,廖学燕.基于SPH的边坡稳定性计算中失稳判据研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(5):904-908.TANG Yu-feng,SHI Fu-qiang,LIAO Xue-yan. Failure criteria based on SPH slope stability analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(5):904-908.(in Chinese)
[14]蒋一峰,阚瞳,卜晓颖,等.基于光滑粒子流体动力学耦合有限元方法的水射流破煤参数数值模拟分析[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(1):137-140.JIANG Yi-feng,KAN Tong,PU Xiao-ying,et al. Numerical simulation analysis of high pressure water jet breaking coal parameters based on coupling algorithm of smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element method[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(1):137-140.(in Chinese)
[15]杨秀敏.爆炸冲击现象数值模拟[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2010:86-90.