南海东部某油田隔水导管腐蚀失效分析
|
摘要
目的分析南海东部某油田隔水导管腐蚀失效行为,便于确定该海上油田隔水导管腐蚀类型,分析其腐蚀特点,指导其防腐处理,从而改善海上油井生产现状,延长油井生产年限,提高油井产能。方法基于废弃隔水导管宏观分析的初步判断,对隔水导管的材质、腐蚀形貌、腐蚀程度与产物成分进行分析。结果该海上油田隔水导管力学性能、化学成分及金相组织均符合API Spec 5L标准。SEM及体式照片显示,外壁比内壁腐蚀更严重。内壁发生了轻微腐蚀,以均匀腐蚀为主;外壁发生了局部腐蚀,点蚀坑深度在115μm左右,且出现了微裂纹,裂纹宽度在150μm左右,表明X56隔水导管具有一定的SCC倾向。EDS分析显示腐蚀产物主要元素为Fe和O,二者质量总和超过75%。XRD分析确定腐蚀产物的主要成分为γ-FeO(OH)。对比防腐涂装和未涂装挂片腐蚀形貌,合金和有机防腐涂层具有良好的防腐蚀效果,可有效地隔绝腐蚀介质与金属本体的接触,阻止腐蚀反应发生。结论海上油田隔水导管的腐蚀过程以吸氧腐蚀为主。内壁以均匀腐蚀为主,腐蚀较轻微;外壁发生了局部腐蚀,且出现了微裂纹。合金和有机防腐涂层具有良好的防腐蚀效果,可推广至现场,有效延长油井生产年限。
The work aims to determine the corrosion type of conductor in this oilfield, analyze the corrosion features and direct the anti-corrosion measures by investigating the corrosion failure of conductor in eastern oilfield of the South China Sea and then improve the production status, extend the production life and increase the capacity of oil well. Firstly, from the preliminary judgment on macroscopic analysis of abandoned conductor, the materials, micro-corrosion morphology, corrosion extent and corrosion product of conductor were analyzed. The mechanical properties, chemical composition and microstructure of conductor in eastern oilfield in the South China Sea all met the API Spec 5 L standard. The SEM and morphology photos showed that the corrosion of outer wall was much serious than that of inner wall. The corrosion of inner wall was slight and basically uniform. Local corrosion occurred on the outer wall, the pitting depth was about 115 μm and the minorcrack with width of 150 μm appeared. The X56 conductor was tend to SCC. From EDS analysis, main elements of corrosion products were Fe and O and the mass of them was more than 75%. XRD analysis determined the main ingredients of corrosion products as γ-Fe O(OH). Compared the corrosion morphology of conductor pendants with and without anti-corrosion coating, alloy and organic anti-corrosion coating had good anti-corrosion effect and could effectively prevent the corrosive medium from contacting the ontology of conductor and avoid corrosion. The corrosion process of conductor in the sea oil fields mainly oxygen corrosion. The corrosion on inner wall is uniform and slight. Outer wall has local corrosion and micro crack. Alloy and organic anti-corrosion coating has good anti-corrosion effect and can be promoted to field to extend the production life of oil wells.
The work aims to determine the corrosion type of conductor in this oilfield, analyze the corrosion features and direct the anti-corrosion measures by investigating the corrosion failure of conductor in eastern oilfield of the South China Sea and then improve the production status, extend the production life and increase the capacity of oil well. Firstly, from the preliminary judgment on macroscopic analysis of abandoned conductor, the materials, micro-corrosion morphology, corrosion extent and corrosion product of conductor were analyzed. The mechanical properties, chemical composition and microstructure of conductor in eastern oilfield in the South China Sea all met the API Spec 5 L standard. The SEM and morphology photos showed that the corrosion of outer wall was much serious than that of inner wall. The corrosion of inner wall was slight and basically uniform. Local corrosion occurred on the outer wall, the pitting depth was about 115 μm and the minorcrack with width of 150 μm appeared. The X56 conductor was tend to SCC. From EDS analysis, main elements of corrosion products were Fe and O and the mass of them was more than 75%. XRD analysis determined the main ingredients of corrosion products as γ-Fe O(OH). Compared the corrosion morphology of conductor pendants with and without anti-corrosion coating, alloy and organic anti-corrosion coating had good anti-corrosion effect and could effectively prevent the corrosive medium from contacting the ontology of conductor and avoid corrosion. The corrosion process of conductor in the sea oil fields mainly oxygen corrosion. The corrosion on inner wall is uniform and slight. Outer wall has local corrosion and micro crack. Alloy and organic anti-corrosion coating has good anti-corrosion effect and can be promoted to field to extend the production life of oil wells.
引文
[1]袁光宇.我国海上钻井隔水导管使用现状及发展趋势[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2012,9(7):102-103.YUAN Guang-yu.Current Situation of application and development tendency of offshore drilling risers in China[J].Journal of Yangtze University(natural science edition)2012,9(7):102-103.
[2]杨进,刘书杰,周建良,等.风浪流作用下隔水导管强度及安全性计算[J].中国海上油气,2006(3):198-200.YANG Jin,LIU Shu-jie,ZHOU Jian-liang,et al.Strength and security calculation on riser with the effect of wind,wave and current[J].China offshore oil and gas,2006(3):198-200.
[3]李振君,李晓玲.南海东部油田高产稳产开发实践[J].中国海上油气·地质,2002(2):54-60.LI Zhen-jun,LI Xiao-ling.The practice of development with high and stable production for the Nanhai east oilfields[J].China offshore oil and gas(geology),2002(2):54-60.
[4]张庆华,陈鹏飞,黄毓祥,等.隔水导管腐蚀工况下静力学稳定性研究[J].石油化工应用,2018,37(4):40-44.ZHANG Qing-hua,CHEN Peng-fei,HUANG Yu-xiang,et al.Study on statics stability under the corrosion condition of the riser[J].Petrochemical industry application,2018,37(4):40-44.
[5]周振宇,邹文姣,罗义华.涠洲11-4油田套管腐蚀情况分析[J].科技展望,2015,25(26):182.ZHOU Zhen-yu,ZOU Wen-jiao,LUO Yi-hua.Analysis of casing corrosion in Weizhou 11-4 oilfield[J].Technology outlook,2015,25(26):182.
[6]张智,黄熠,李炎军,等.考虑腐蚀的环空带压井生产套管安全评价[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(2):171-177.ZHANG Zhi,HUANG Yi,LI Yan-jun,et al.Safety evaluation of production casing considering corrosion in gas well with sustained casing pressure[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&technology edition),2014,36(2):171-177.
[7]孙爱平,申洪臣,李强,等.海上某油田油井套管腐蚀失效原因[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(1):102-106.SUN Ai-ping,SHEN Hong-chen,LI Qiang,et al.Corrosion failure reason of oil well casing pipe at an oil platform[J].Corrosion&protection,2014,35(1):102-106.
[8]张勇,汪海波,郭勇.中国南海某油田油井隔水套管腐蚀失效探究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2017,31(3):67-72.ZHANG Yong,WANG Hai-bo,GUO Yong.Study on corrosion failure of riser in oil wells in one oilfield of China South Ocean[J].Total corrosion control,2017,31(3):67-72.
[9]王成达,严密林,赵新伟,等.油气田开发中H2S/CO2腐蚀研究进展[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,20(5):66-70.WANG Cheng-da,YAN Mi-lin,ZHAO Xin-wei,et al.Research progress of H2S/CO2 corrosion in oil and gas development[J].Journal of Xi?an Shiyou University(natural science edition),2005,20(5):66-70.
[10]王潜.辽河油田油井硫化氢产生机理及防治措施[J].石油勘探与开发,2008(3):349-354.WANG Qian.Generation mechanism and control measures for H2S in oil wells,Liaohe oilfield[J].Petroleum exploration and development,2008(3):349-354.
[11]邢希金,周建良,刘书杰,等.中国近海油套管防腐设计方法优化与防腐新策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(6):75-79.XING Xi-jin,ZHOU Jian-liang,LIU Shu-jie,et al.Design method optimization and new strategy for tubing and casing anti-corrosion in China offshore[J].China offshore oil and gas,2014,26(6):75-79.
[12]刘建国,李言涛,侯保荣.海洋浪溅区钢铁腐蚀与防护进展[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(10):833-836.LIU Jian-guo,LI Yan-tao,HOU Bao-rong.Progress in corrosion and protection of steel in marine splash zone[J].Corrosion&protection,2012,33(10):833-836.
[13]HAN P,CHEN C,LI W,et al.Synergistic effect of mixing cationic and nonionic surfactants on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl:Experimental and theoretical investigations[J].J colloid interface sci,2018,516:398-406.
[14]刘智勇,贾静焕,杜翠薇,等.X80和X52钢在模拟海水环境中的腐蚀行为与规律[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2014,34(4):327-332.LIU Zhi-yong,JIA Jing-huan,DU Cui-wei,et al.Corrosion behavior of X80 and X52 steels in simulated seawater environments[J].Journal of Chinese society for corrosion and protection,2014,34(4):327-332.
[15]程攀,黄峰,赵小宇,等.H2S腐蚀产物膜对MS X65管线钢氢渗透动力学行为的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2016,28(1):21-26.CHENG Pan,HUANG Feng,ZHAO Xiao-yu,et al.Effect of H2S corrosion product film on hydrogen permeation kinetics of MS X65 pipeline steel[J].Corrosion science and protection technology,2016,28(1):21-26.
[16]ZHANG L,SHEN H J,SUN J Y,et al.Effect of calcareous deposits on hydrogen permeation in X80 steel under cathodic protection[J].Materials chemistry&physics,2018,207:123-129.
[17]殷启帅,杨进,杨宇平,等.海上油田注水开采中H2S成因及油管腐蚀分析[J].表面技术,2017,46(9):171-178.YIN Qi-shuai,YANG Jin,YANG Yu-ping,et al.Origin of H2S and corrosion analysis of tubing in offshore oilfield flooding[J].Surface technology,2017,46(9):171-178.
[18]DING J,LEI Z,LI D,et al.Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel in high H2S-CO2-Cl-environment[J].Journal of materials science,2013,48(10):3708-3715.
[19]谭才渊,殷启帅,杨进,等.渤海某油田L80油管腐蚀机理研究[J].表面技术,2017,46(3):236-245.TAN Cai-yuan,YIN Qi-shuai,YANG Jin,et al.Corrosion mechanism of L80 tubing in a Bohai oilfield[J].Surface technology,2017,46(3):236-245.
[20]HAN P,CHEN C,LI W,et al.Synergistic effect of mixing cationic and nonionic surfactants on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl:Experimental and theoretical investigations[J].J colloid interface sci,2018,516:398-406.
[21]钱余海,齐慧滨,王妙全,等.Q345C-NHY3耐海水腐蚀钢的涂装腐蚀行为[J].世界钢铁,2009,9(5):27-30.QIAN Yu-hai,QI Hui-bin,WANG Miao-quan,et al.Corrosion performance of the seawater corrosion resistance steel Q345C-NHY3 with protective coatings[J].World iron&steel,2009,9(5):27-30.
[22]邵怀启,韩文礼,王雪莹,等.海洋飞溅区钢结构的腐蚀规律与防护措施[J].腐蚀与防护,2008,29(11):646-649.SHAO Huai-qi,HAN Wen-li,WANG Xue-ying,et al.Corrosion and protection of offshore steel structures in splash zone[J].Corrosion&protection,2008,29(11):646-649.
[2]杨进,刘书杰,周建良,等.风浪流作用下隔水导管强度及安全性计算[J].中国海上油气,2006(3):198-200.YANG Jin,LIU Shu-jie,ZHOU Jian-liang,et al.Strength and security calculation on riser with the effect of wind,wave and current[J].China offshore oil and gas,2006(3):198-200.
[3]李振君,李晓玲.南海东部油田高产稳产开发实践[J].中国海上油气·地质,2002(2):54-60.LI Zhen-jun,LI Xiao-ling.The practice of development with high and stable production for the Nanhai east oilfields[J].China offshore oil and gas(geology),2002(2):54-60.
[4]张庆华,陈鹏飞,黄毓祥,等.隔水导管腐蚀工况下静力学稳定性研究[J].石油化工应用,2018,37(4):40-44.ZHANG Qing-hua,CHEN Peng-fei,HUANG Yu-xiang,et al.Study on statics stability under the corrosion condition of the riser[J].Petrochemical industry application,2018,37(4):40-44.
[5]周振宇,邹文姣,罗义华.涠洲11-4油田套管腐蚀情况分析[J].科技展望,2015,25(26):182.ZHOU Zhen-yu,ZOU Wen-jiao,LUO Yi-hua.Analysis of casing corrosion in Weizhou 11-4 oilfield[J].Technology outlook,2015,25(26):182.
[6]张智,黄熠,李炎军,等.考虑腐蚀的环空带压井生产套管安全评价[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(2):171-177.ZHANG Zhi,HUANG Yi,LI Yan-jun,et al.Safety evaluation of production casing considering corrosion in gas well with sustained casing pressure[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&technology edition),2014,36(2):171-177.
[7]孙爱平,申洪臣,李强,等.海上某油田油井套管腐蚀失效原因[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(1):102-106.SUN Ai-ping,SHEN Hong-chen,LI Qiang,et al.Corrosion failure reason of oil well casing pipe at an oil platform[J].Corrosion&protection,2014,35(1):102-106.
[8]张勇,汪海波,郭勇.中国南海某油田油井隔水套管腐蚀失效探究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2017,31(3):67-72.ZHANG Yong,WANG Hai-bo,GUO Yong.Study on corrosion failure of riser in oil wells in one oilfield of China South Ocean[J].Total corrosion control,2017,31(3):67-72.
[9]王成达,严密林,赵新伟,等.油气田开发中H2S/CO2腐蚀研究进展[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,20(5):66-70.WANG Cheng-da,YAN Mi-lin,ZHAO Xin-wei,et al.Research progress of H2S/CO2 corrosion in oil and gas development[J].Journal of Xi?an Shiyou University(natural science edition),2005,20(5):66-70.
[10]王潜.辽河油田油井硫化氢产生机理及防治措施[J].石油勘探与开发,2008(3):349-354.WANG Qian.Generation mechanism and control measures for H2S in oil wells,Liaohe oilfield[J].Petroleum exploration and development,2008(3):349-354.
[11]邢希金,周建良,刘书杰,等.中国近海油套管防腐设计方法优化与防腐新策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(6):75-79.XING Xi-jin,ZHOU Jian-liang,LIU Shu-jie,et al.Design method optimization and new strategy for tubing and casing anti-corrosion in China offshore[J].China offshore oil and gas,2014,26(6):75-79.
[12]刘建国,李言涛,侯保荣.海洋浪溅区钢铁腐蚀与防护进展[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(10):833-836.LIU Jian-guo,LI Yan-tao,HOU Bao-rong.Progress in corrosion and protection of steel in marine splash zone[J].Corrosion&protection,2012,33(10):833-836.
[13]HAN P,CHEN C,LI W,et al.Synergistic effect of mixing cationic and nonionic surfactants on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl:Experimental and theoretical investigations[J].J colloid interface sci,2018,516:398-406.
[14]刘智勇,贾静焕,杜翠薇,等.X80和X52钢在模拟海水环境中的腐蚀行为与规律[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2014,34(4):327-332.LIU Zhi-yong,JIA Jing-huan,DU Cui-wei,et al.Corrosion behavior of X80 and X52 steels in simulated seawater environments[J].Journal of Chinese society for corrosion and protection,2014,34(4):327-332.
[15]程攀,黄峰,赵小宇,等.H2S腐蚀产物膜对MS X65管线钢氢渗透动力学行为的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2016,28(1):21-26.CHENG Pan,HUANG Feng,ZHAO Xiao-yu,et al.Effect of H2S corrosion product film on hydrogen permeation kinetics of MS X65 pipeline steel[J].Corrosion science and protection technology,2016,28(1):21-26.
[16]ZHANG L,SHEN H J,SUN J Y,et al.Effect of calcareous deposits on hydrogen permeation in X80 steel under cathodic protection[J].Materials chemistry&physics,2018,207:123-129.
[17]殷启帅,杨进,杨宇平,等.海上油田注水开采中H2S成因及油管腐蚀分析[J].表面技术,2017,46(9):171-178.YIN Qi-shuai,YANG Jin,YANG Yu-ping,et al.Origin of H2S and corrosion analysis of tubing in offshore oilfield flooding[J].Surface technology,2017,46(9):171-178.
[18]DING J,LEI Z,LI D,et al.Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel in high H2S-CO2-Cl-environment[J].Journal of materials science,2013,48(10):3708-3715.
[19]谭才渊,殷启帅,杨进,等.渤海某油田L80油管腐蚀机理研究[J].表面技术,2017,46(3):236-245.TAN Cai-yuan,YIN Qi-shuai,YANG Jin,et al.Corrosion mechanism of L80 tubing in a Bohai oilfield[J].Surface technology,2017,46(3):236-245.
[20]HAN P,CHEN C,LI W,et al.Synergistic effect of mixing cationic and nonionic surfactants on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl:Experimental and theoretical investigations[J].J colloid interface sci,2018,516:398-406.
[21]钱余海,齐慧滨,王妙全,等.Q345C-NHY3耐海水腐蚀钢的涂装腐蚀行为[J].世界钢铁,2009,9(5):27-30.QIAN Yu-hai,QI Hui-bin,WANG Miao-quan,et al.Corrosion performance of the seawater corrosion resistance steel Q345C-NHY3 with protective coatings[J].World iron&steel,2009,9(5):27-30.
[22]邵怀启,韩文礼,王雪莹,等.海洋飞溅区钢结构的腐蚀规律与防护措施[J].腐蚀与防护,2008,29(11):646-649.SHAO Huai-qi,HAN Wen-li,WANG Xue-ying,et al.Corrosion and protection of offshore steel structures in splash zone[J].Corrosion&protection,2008,29(11):646-649.