乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃生药鉴别研究
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摘要
目的:研究乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃的生药学鉴别特征并与贯叶金丝桃进行比较,为这3种金丝桃属植物的使用提供质量保证。方法:采用基源、性状和显微鉴别的方法对乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃的原植物形态、药材性状及显微特征进行研究,并将结果与贯叶金丝桃进行比较,写出检索表。结果:长柱金丝桃、乌腺金丝桃和贯叶金丝桃3种金丝桃属植物在形态上主要在茎的高矮、叶上腺体分布、花的颜色及腺点分布和种子颜色及有无龙骨状突起方面不同;性状上三者主要在茎的长短、叶的排列及腺点分布、花的颜色及蒴果是否有腺点分布方面不同;显微特征的区别主要在茎叶是否有分泌细胞团和气孔是否有二联式方面。结论:可以从基源、性状和显微特征三方面区别长柱金丝桃、乌腺金丝桃和贯叶连翘,为正确使用这3种金丝桃属药用植物奠定重要理论基础。
Objective: To provide quality assurance for the use of these three Hypericum species by studying the pharmacognostic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. and Hypericum ascyrom L. and comparing them with Hypericum perforatum L. Method: The original plant morphology, medicinal properties and microscopic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. and Hypericum ascyrom L. were studied by the methods of botanic origin, characters and microscopic identification, and the results were compared with Hypericum perforatum L. Results: The differences in morphology were mainly in height of stem, distribution of leaves glands, the color of flower, glandular point distribution,the seed color and the presence of carinate protrusions within three hypericum species. The characters on the three were major in the length of stem, arrangement of leaves and glandular point distribution, the color of flower and whether have glandular point distribution in capsule or not. The main differences in the microscopic characteristics were whether the stems and leaves have secretory nodules, and types of duplex stomatal apparatus or not. Conclusion: Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. Hypericum ascyrom L., and Hypericum perforatum L. can be identificated from three aspects: origin, characters and microscopic characteristics, which lays an important theoretical basis for the correct use of these three Hypericum medicinal plants.
Objective: To provide quality assurance for the use of these three Hypericum species by studying the pharmacognostic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. and Hypericum ascyrom L. and comparing them with Hypericum perforatum L. Method: The original plant morphology, medicinal properties and microscopic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. and Hypericum ascyrom L. were studied by the methods of botanic origin, characters and microscopic identification, and the results were compared with Hypericum perforatum L. Results: The differences in morphology were mainly in height of stem, distribution of leaves glands, the color of flower, glandular point distribution,the seed color and the presence of carinate protrusions within three hypericum species. The characters on the three were major in the length of stem, arrangement of leaves and glandular point distribution, the color of flower and whether have glandular point distribution in capsule or not. The main differences in the microscopic characteristics were whether the stems and leaves have secretory nodules, and types of duplex stomatal apparatus or not. Conclusion: Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. Hypericum ascyrom L., and Hypericum perforatum L. can be identificated from three aspects: origin, characters and microscopic characteristics, which lays an important theoretical basis for the correct use of these three Hypericum medicinal plants.
引文
[1] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志.第五十卷.第二分册[M].北京:科学出版社,2004,10:2-72.
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[3] Agostinis P, Vantieghem A, Merlevede W, et al. Hypericin in cancer treatment:more light on the way[J]. Int J Biochem cell Biol,2002,34(3):221.
[4] 殷志琦,王英,张冬梅,等.金丝桃属植物化学成分研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2004,23(1):6-7.
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[6] 李勇,熊元军,刘军,等.金丝桃属植物的研究进展[J].新疆中医药,2006,24(1):55-58.
[7] 张克勤,薛晓丽,孔令瑶,等.长柱金丝桃中金丝桃素的含量变化[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(3):174-176.
[8] 徐芳辉,丁宇翔,王强.黄海棠乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分研究[J].中药材,2016,39(2):322-325.
[9] Hu-cheng Zhu,Chun-mei Chen,Jin-wen Zhang,et al.Hyperisampsins N and O,two nev benzoylated phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypeicum sampsonii[J].Chinese Chemical Letters,2017,5:986-990.
[10] 梁月,曹向荣,李鑫,等.长柱金丝桃的化学研究[J].药学研究,2017,36(12):689-709.
[11] 张南冀,李慧,郭树义,等.不同栽培密度对乌腺金丝桃中总黄酮含量的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(10):2510-2513.
[12] 马育轩,王艳丽,周海纯,等.乌腺金丝桃的化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中医药学报,2012,40(6):125-126.
[13] 张健,殷志琦,叶文才,等.金丝桃属植物药理作用研究进展[J].中国医学生物技术应用,2003,5:14-17.
[14] 谢婷婷,孙隆儒,娄红祥,等.金丝桃属植物抗菌作用的研究进展[J]. 2010,33(1):146-149.
[15] 周佳,张国文,黄明明.红旱莲总黄酮对黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制作用及抗氧化研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2013,32(4):353-357.
[16] 付殷,高彦宇,黄明明,等.乌腺金丝桃与黄芪配伍对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用[J].中医药信息,2017,34(1):6-10.
[17] 武斌,于海龙,高彦宇,等.赶山鞭(乌腺金丝桃)的现代研究概况[J].中医药信息,2018,35(1):129-131.
[18] 潘宏林,程友斌,林静.贯叶连翘的生药学研究[J].中药材,2006,29(8):777-779.
[19] 冯宇飞,井中旭,高彦宇,等.稳心草的质量标准研究[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(8):1858-1861.
[20] 孙达丽,周春红,邵敏敏,等.20种药用金丝桃属植物的显微鉴别[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(10):893-898.
[21] 徐庆华,李淑玲,胡国富,等.长柱金丝桃(Hypericum ascyron L.)分泌结构的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(10): 43-47.
[2] 朱有昌.东北药用植物[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1989:743-747.
[3] Agostinis P, Vantieghem A, Merlevede W, et al. Hypericin in cancer treatment:more light on the way[J]. Int J Biochem cell Biol,2002,34(3):221.
[4] 殷志琦,王英,张冬梅,等.金丝桃属植物化学成分研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2004,23(1):6-7.
[5] 国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015.
[6] 李勇,熊元军,刘军,等.金丝桃属植物的研究进展[J].新疆中医药,2006,24(1):55-58.
[7] 张克勤,薛晓丽,孔令瑶,等.长柱金丝桃中金丝桃素的含量变化[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(3):174-176.
[8] 徐芳辉,丁宇翔,王强.黄海棠乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分研究[J].中药材,2016,39(2):322-325.
[9] Hu-cheng Zhu,Chun-mei Chen,Jin-wen Zhang,et al.Hyperisampsins N and O,two nev benzoylated phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypeicum sampsonii[J].Chinese Chemical Letters,2017,5:986-990.
[10] 梁月,曹向荣,李鑫,等.长柱金丝桃的化学研究[J].药学研究,2017,36(12):689-709.
[11] 张南冀,李慧,郭树义,等.不同栽培密度对乌腺金丝桃中总黄酮含量的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(10):2510-2513.
[12] 马育轩,王艳丽,周海纯,等.乌腺金丝桃的化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中医药学报,2012,40(6):125-126.
[13] 张健,殷志琦,叶文才,等.金丝桃属植物药理作用研究进展[J].中国医学生物技术应用,2003,5:14-17.
[14] 谢婷婷,孙隆儒,娄红祥,等.金丝桃属植物抗菌作用的研究进展[J]. 2010,33(1):146-149.
[15] 周佳,张国文,黄明明.红旱莲总黄酮对黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制作用及抗氧化研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2013,32(4):353-357.
[16] 付殷,高彦宇,黄明明,等.乌腺金丝桃与黄芪配伍对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用[J].中医药信息,2017,34(1):6-10.
[17] 武斌,于海龙,高彦宇,等.赶山鞭(乌腺金丝桃)的现代研究概况[J].中医药信息,2018,35(1):129-131.
[18] 潘宏林,程友斌,林静.贯叶连翘的生药学研究[J].中药材,2006,29(8):777-779.
[19] 冯宇飞,井中旭,高彦宇,等.稳心草的质量标准研究[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(8):1858-1861.
[20] 孙达丽,周春红,邵敏敏,等.20种药用金丝桃属植物的显微鉴别[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(10):893-898.
[21] 徐庆华,李淑玲,胡国富,等.长柱金丝桃(Hypericum ascyron L.)分泌结构的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(10): 43-47.