早期结直肠黏膜下浸润癌内镜下特征
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摘要
结直肠癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,预后关键在于早期诊治,早期结直肠癌浸润深度不同,治疗方式也不同,所以准确评估黏膜浸润深度至关重要。结肠镜检查作为一种重要的检查手段,可根据内镜下表现对早期结直肠癌进行诊断。随着新内镜技术的不断运用,根据病变的内镜下特征表现判断黏膜浸润深度具有较高的特异度和灵敏度,在运用中逐渐体现出其重要的临床价值。本研究对各种内镜下特征表现的研究进展进行综述,为结直肠癌的早期诊断、浸润深度评估及治疗方案选择提供参考。
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common malignant tumor and the key to its prognosis is early diagnosis and treatment. The infiltration depth of early colorectal cancer determines its treatment, so accurate evaluation of mucosal infiltration depth is crucial. According to endoscopic findings, colonoscopy as an important examination method can be used to diagnose early colorectal cancer. With the continuous use of new endoscopic techniques, diagnosis of the depths of mucosal infiltration by the endoscopic features of the lesions has a high specificity and sensitivity, has gradually showed its significant clinical value. The research progress of various endoscopic features was reviewed, which can provide a reference for early diagnosis, invasive depth assessment and treatment options for colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common malignant tumor and the key to its prognosis is early diagnosis and treatment. The infiltration depth of early colorectal cancer determines its treatment, so accurate evaluation of mucosal infiltration depth is crucial. According to endoscopic findings, colonoscopy as an important examination method can be used to diagnose early colorectal cancer. With the continuous use of new endoscopic techniques, diagnosis of the depths of mucosal infiltration by the endoscopic features of the lesions has a high specificity and sensitivity, has gradually showed its significant clinical value. The research progress of various endoscopic features was reviewed, which can provide a reference for early diagnosis, invasive depth assessment and treatment options for colorectal cancer.
引文
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[18]Gono K,Yamazaki K,Doguchi N,et al.Endoscopic observation of tissue by narrowband illumination[J].Optical Review,2003,10(4):211-215
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[23]Tamai N,Saito Y,Sakamoto T,et al.Effectiveness of computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal lesions using novel software for magnifying narrow-band imaging:a pilot study[J].Endoscopy International Open,2017,5(8):E690-E694
[24]Backes Y,Moss A,Reitsma JB,et al.Narrow band imaging,magnifying chromoendoscopy,and gross morphological features for the optical diagnosis of T1 colorectal cancer and deep submucosal invasion:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].American Journal of Gastroenterology,2017,112(1):54-64
[25]Zhang Qing-wen,Teng La-mei,Zhang Xin-tian,et al.Narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of deep submucosal colorectal cancers:a systematic review and Metaanalysis[J].Endoscopy,2017,49(6):564-580
[26]Togashi K,Nemoto D,Utano K,et al.Blue laser imaging endoscopy system for the early detection and characterization of colorectal lesions:a guide for the endoscopist[J].Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology,2016,9(1):50-56
[27]Yoshida N,Hisabe T,Inada Y,et al.The ability of a novel blue laser imaging system for the diagnosis of invasion depth of colorectal neoplasms[J].Journal of Gastroenterology,2013,49(1):73-80
[28]Yoshida N,Yagi N,Inada Y,et al.Ability of a novel blue laser imaging system for the diagnosis of colorectal polyps[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2014,26(2):250-258
[29]Nakano A,Hirooka Y,Yamamura T,et al.Comparison of the diagnostic ability of blue laser imaging magnification versus pit pattern analysis for colorectal polyps[J].Endoscopy International Open,2017,5(4):E224-E231
[30]Suzuki T,Hara T,Kitagawa Y,et al.Magnified endoscopic observation of early colorectal cancer by linked color imaging with crystal violet staining(with video)[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2016,84(4):726-729
[31]Neumann H,Fuchs FS,Vieth M,et al.Review article:in vivo imaging by endocytoscopy[J].Alimentary Pharmacology&Therapeutics,2011,33(11):1183-1193
[32]Kudo SE,Wakamura K,Ikehara N,et al.Diagnosis of colorectal lesions with a novel endocytoscopic classification:a pilot study[J].Endoscopy,2011,43(10):869-875
[33]Mori Y,Kudo S,Ikehara N,et al.Comprehensive diagnostic ability of endocytoscopy compared with biopsy for colorectal neoplasms:a prospective randomized noninferiority trial[J].Endoscopy,2013,45(2):98-105
[34]Utsumi T,Sano Y,Iwatate M,et al.Prospective real-time evaluation of diagnostic performance using endocytoscopy in differentiating neoplasia from nonneoplasia for colorectal diminutive polyps(≤5 mm)[J].World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology,2018,10(4):96-102
[35]Kudo T,Kudo SE,Wakamura K,et al.Diagnostic performance of endocytoscopy for evaluating the invasion depth of different morphological types of colorectal tumors[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2015,27(7):755-762
[36]Kudo SE,Misawa M,Wada Y,et al.Endocytoscopic microvasculature evaluation is a reliable new diagnostic method for colorectal lesions(with video)[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2015,82(5):912-923
[37]Nakamura H,Kudo SE,Misawa M,et al.Evaluation of microvascular findings of deeply invasive colorectal cancer by endocytoscopy with narrow-band imaging[J].Endoscopy International Open,2016,4(12):E1280-E1285
[38]Takeda K,Kudo S E,Mori Y,et al.Accuracy of diagnosing invasive colorectal cancer using computer-aided endocytoscopy[J].Endoscopy,2017,49(8):798-802
[39]Misawa M,Kudo SE,Mori Y,et al.Characterization of colorectal lesions using a computer-aided diagnostic system for narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy[J].Gastroenterology,2016,150(7):1532.1531-1532.e1533
[40]Misawa M,Kudo SE,Mori Y,et al.Accuracy of computer-aided diagnosis based on narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy for diagnosing colorectal lesions:comparison with experts[J].International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology&Surgery,2017,12(5):1-10
[2]Watanabe T,Itabashi M,Shimada Y,et al.Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum(JSCCR)Guidelines 2014 for treatment of colorectal cancer[J].International Journal of Clinical Oncology,2015,20(2):207-239
[3]Schlemper RJ,Riddell RH,Kato Y,et al.The Vienna classification of gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasia[J].Gut,2000,10(2):128-139
[4]van Lanschot MC,Carvalho B,CoupéVM,et al.Molecular stool testing as an alternative for surveillance colonoscopy:a cross-sectional cohort study[J].BMC Cancer,2017,17(1):116-123
[5]Negm OH,Hamed MR,Schoen RE,et al.Human blood autoantibodies in the detection of colorectal cancer[J].PLoS One,2016,11(7):e0156971
[6]Pai RK,Cheng YW,Jakubowski M,et al.Colorectal carcinomas with submucosal invasion(pT1):analysis of histopathologic and molecular factors predicting lymph node metastasis[J].Modern Pathology,2017,30(1):113-122
[7]Oka S,Tanaka S,Nakadoi K,et al.Endoscopic features and management of diminutive colorectal submucosal invasive carcinoma[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2014,26(S2):78-83
[8]Burgess NG,Hourigan LF,Zanati SA,et al.Risk stratification for covert invasive cancer among patients referred for colonic endoscopic mucosal resection:a large multicenter cohort[J].Gastroenterology,2017,153(3):732-742
[9]Park W,Kim B,Park SJ,et al.Conventional endoscopic features are not sufficient to differentiate small,early colorectal cancer[J].World Journal of Gastroenterol,2014,20(21):6586-6593
[10]Axon A,Diebold MD,Fujino M,et al.Update on the paris classification of superficial neoplastic lesions in the digestive tract[J].Endoscopy,2005,37(6):570-578
[11]Kudo S,Lambert R,Allen JI,et al.Nonpolypoid neoplastic lesions of the colorectal mucosa[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2008,68(4):S3-S47
[12]Moss A,Bourke MJ,Williams SJ,et al.Endoscopic mucosal resection outcomes and prediction of submucosal cancer from advanced colonic mucosal neoplasia[J].Gastroenterology,2011,140(7):1909-1918
[13]Yamada M,Saito Y,Sakamoto T,et al.Endoscopic predictors of deep submucosal invasion in colorectal laterally spreading tumors[J].Endoscopy,2016,48(5):456-464
[14]Tobaru T,Mitsuyama K,Tsuruta O,et al.Sub-classification of typeⅥpit patterns in colorectal tumors:relation to the depth of tumor invasion[J].International Journal of Oncology,2008,33(3):503-508
[15]Kudo SE,Mori Y,Wakamura K,et al.Endocytoscopy can provide additional diagnostic ability to magnifying chromoendoscopy for colorectal neoplasms[J].Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,2013,29(1):83-90
[16]Zhang Jing-jing,Gu Li-yang,Chen Xiao-yu,et al.Endoscopic diagnosis of invasion depth for early colorectal carcinomas:a prospective comparative study of narrowband imaging,acetic acid,and crystal violet[J].Medicine,2015,94(7):e528
[17]Sakamoto T,Matsuda T,Nakajima T,et al.Impact of clinical experience on typeⅤpit pattern analysis using magnifying chromoendoscopy in early colorectal cancer:a cross-sectional interpretation test[J].BMC Gastroenterology,2014,14(1):100-105
[18]Gono K,Yamazaki K,Doguchi N,et al.Endoscopic observation of tissue by narrowband illumination[J].Optical Review,2003,10(4):211-215
[19]Sano Y,Ikematsu H,Fu KI,et al.Meshed capillary vessels using narrow band imaging for differential diagnosis of small colorectal polyps[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2008,69(2):278-283
[20]Ikematsu H,Matsuda T,Emura F,et al.Efficacy of capillary pattern typeⅢA/ⅢB by magnifying narrow band imaging for estimating depth of invasion of early colorectal neoplasms[J].Gastroenterol Endoscopy,2010,71(5):AB193-AB194
[21]Hayashi N,Tanaka S,Hewett DG,et al.Endoscopic prediction of deep submucosal invasive carcinoma:validation of the narrow-band imaging international colorectal endoscopic(NICE)classification[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2013,78(4):625-632
[22]Iwatate M,Sano Y,Tanaka S,et al.Validation study for development of the Japan NBI Expert Team(JNET)classification of colorectal lesions[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2018,30(5):642-651
[23]Tamai N,Saito Y,Sakamoto T,et al.Effectiveness of computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal lesions using novel software for magnifying narrow-band imaging:a pilot study[J].Endoscopy International Open,2017,5(8):E690-E694
[24]Backes Y,Moss A,Reitsma JB,et al.Narrow band imaging,magnifying chromoendoscopy,and gross morphological features for the optical diagnosis of T1 colorectal cancer and deep submucosal invasion:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].American Journal of Gastroenterology,2017,112(1):54-64
[25]Zhang Qing-wen,Teng La-mei,Zhang Xin-tian,et al.Narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of deep submucosal colorectal cancers:a systematic review and Metaanalysis[J].Endoscopy,2017,49(6):564-580
[26]Togashi K,Nemoto D,Utano K,et al.Blue laser imaging endoscopy system for the early detection and characterization of colorectal lesions:a guide for the endoscopist[J].Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology,2016,9(1):50-56
[27]Yoshida N,Hisabe T,Inada Y,et al.The ability of a novel blue laser imaging system for the diagnosis of invasion depth of colorectal neoplasms[J].Journal of Gastroenterology,2013,49(1):73-80
[28]Yoshida N,Yagi N,Inada Y,et al.Ability of a novel blue laser imaging system for the diagnosis of colorectal polyps[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2014,26(2):250-258
[29]Nakano A,Hirooka Y,Yamamura T,et al.Comparison of the diagnostic ability of blue laser imaging magnification versus pit pattern analysis for colorectal polyps[J].Endoscopy International Open,2017,5(4):E224-E231
[30]Suzuki T,Hara T,Kitagawa Y,et al.Magnified endoscopic observation of early colorectal cancer by linked color imaging with crystal violet staining(with video)[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2016,84(4):726-729
[31]Neumann H,Fuchs FS,Vieth M,et al.Review article:in vivo imaging by endocytoscopy[J].Alimentary Pharmacology&Therapeutics,2011,33(11):1183-1193
[32]Kudo SE,Wakamura K,Ikehara N,et al.Diagnosis of colorectal lesions with a novel endocytoscopic classification:a pilot study[J].Endoscopy,2011,43(10):869-875
[33]Mori Y,Kudo S,Ikehara N,et al.Comprehensive diagnostic ability of endocytoscopy compared with biopsy for colorectal neoplasms:a prospective randomized noninferiority trial[J].Endoscopy,2013,45(2):98-105
[34]Utsumi T,Sano Y,Iwatate M,et al.Prospective real-time evaluation of diagnostic performance using endocytoscopy in differentiating neoplasia from nonneoplasia for colorectal diminutive polyps(≤5 mm)[J].World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology,2018,10(4):96-102
[35]Kudo T,Kudo SE,Wakamura K,et al.Diagnostic performance of endocytoscopy for evaluating the invasion depth of different morphological types of colorectal tumors[J].Digestive Endoscopy,2015,27(7):755-762
[36]Kudo SE,Misawa M,Wada Y,et al.Endocytoscopic microvasculature evaluation is a reliable new diagnostic method for colorectal lesions(with video)[J].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,2015,82(5):912-923
[37]Nakamura H,Kudo SE,Misawa M,et al.Evaluation of microvascular findings of deeply invasive colorectal cancer by endocytoscopy with narrow-band imaging[J].Endoscopy International Open,2016,4(12):E1280-E1285
[38]Takeda K,Kudo S E,Mori Y,et al.Accuracy of diagnosing invasive colorectal cancer using computer-aided endocytoscopy[J].Endoscopy,2017,49(8):798-802
[39]Misawa M,Kudo SE,Mori Y,et al.Characterization of colorectal lesions using a computer-aided diagnostic system for narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy[J].Gastroenterology,2016,150(7):1532.1531-1532.e1533
[40]Misawa M,Kudo SE,Mori Y,et al.Accuracy of computer-aided diagnosis based on narrow-band imaging endocytoscopy for diagnosing colorectal lesions:comparison with experts[J].International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology&Surgery,2017,12(5):1-10