轴承钢大方坯二次枝晶臂间距数值模拟
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摘要
针对某钢厂GCr15钢连铸坯质量问题,利用实验室试验和Pro CAST模拟软件对连铸坯二次枝晶臂间距进行研究,分析过热度、拉速和二冷水量对二次枝晶臂间距的影响,并进一步探究碳偏析与二次枝晶臂间距的关系。结果表明,铸坯二次枝晶臂间距从铸坯表面到中心呈先增大后减小的趋势,与Pro CAST模拟结果基本一致。降低过热度和拉速、增大二冷水量均有助于减小二次枝晶臂间距;为了提高连铸坯质量,建议将过热度、拉速和二冷水量分别控制在20℃、0.45 m/min、0.32 L/kg左右。铸坯碳偏析最大值位于柱状晶向等轴晶转变区域(CET)。
The secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS)was studied by laboratory experiments and Pro CAST simulation software in order to solve the continuous casting billet quality problems of GCr15 Steel,the effects of superheat,casting speed and secondary cooling intensity on the SDAS were also analyzed,and further investigated the relationship between the carbon segregation and the SDAS. The results show that the SDAS of the bloom increases at first and then decreases from the surface to the center,which is consistent with the Pro CAST simulation results. Reducing superheat and casting speed,increasing secondary cooling intensity are helpful to reduce the SDAS,so in order to improve the quality of continuous casting billet,it is recommended to control superheat at 20 ℃,casting speed at 0.45 m/min and secondary cooling intensity respectively at about 0.32 L/kg. The max carbon segregation of bloom often occurs in the columnarto-equiaxed transition(CET)zone.
The secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS)was studied by laboratory experiments and Pro CAST simulation software in order to solve the continuous casting billet quality problems of GCr15 Steel,the effects of superheat,casting speed and secondary cooling intensity on the SDAS were also analyzed,and further investigated the relationship between the carbon segregation and the SDAS. The results show that the SDAS of the bloom increases at first and then decreases from the surface to the center,which is consistent with the Pro CAST simulation results. Reducing superheat and casting speed,increasing secondary cooling intensity are helpful to reduce the SDAS,so in order to improve the quality of continuous casting billet,it is recommended to control superheat at 20 ℃,casting speed at 0.45 m/min and secondary cooling intensity respectively at about 0.32 L/kg. The max carbon segregation of bloom often occurs in the columnarto-equiaxed transition(CET)zone.
引文
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[14]冯军,陈伟庆,韩静,等.连铸参数对高碳钢小方坯二次枝晶间距的影响[J].钢铁,2006,41(9):37.(FENG Jun,CHEN Wei-qing,HAN Jing,et al.Effect of CC process parameters on secondary dendrite arm spacing of high carbon steel billets[J].Iron and Steel,2006,41(9):37.)
[15]魏军,刘中柱,蔡开科,等.炼钢—精炼—连铸工艺生产高碳钢的质量控制[J].炼钢,2000,16(3):46.(WEI Jun,LIU Zhong-zhu,CAI Kai-ke,et al.Quality control on high carbon steel production by steelmaking-refining-concasting process[J].Steelmaking,2000,16(3):46.)
[2]王鑫.多尺度钢凝固耦合数值模拟[D].沈阳:东北大学,2017.(WANG Xin.Multi-scale Coupling Numerical Simulation of Steel Solidification[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2017.)
[3]郭薇,张立峰,朱苗勇.板坯连铸凝固过程微观组织参数的模拟研究[J].钢铁,2010,45(4):34.(GUO Wei,ZHANG Lifeng,ZHU Miao-yong.Modeling study on dendrite growth of steels during slab continuous casting process[J].Iron and Steel,2010,45(4):34.)
[4]许威.基于连续介质模型的铸钢件宏观偏析缺陷数值模拟研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2012.(XU Wei.Numerical Simulation of Macrosegregation Defects in Steel Castings Based on Continuum Model[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2012.)
[5]黄太文,刘林,张卫国,等.抽拉速率跃迁对定向凝固单晶高温合金DD3一次枝晶间距和微观偏析的影响[J].金属学报,2009,45(10):1225.(HUANG Tai-wen,LIU Lin,ZHANG Weiguo,et al.Influence of withdrawing rate transition on the primary dendrite arm spacing and microsegregation of directionally solidified single crystal superalloy DD3[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2009,45(10):1225.)
[6]李晨希,郭太明,李荣德,等.二次枝晶臂间距的研究[J].铸造,2004,53(12):1011.(LI Chen-xi,GUO Tai-ming,LI Rongde,et al.Research on secondary dendrite arm spacing[J].Foundry,2004,53(12):1011.)
[7]Gandin C,Desbiolles J,Rappaz M,et al.A three-dimensional cellular automation-finite element model for the prediction of solidification grain structures[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1999,30(12):3153.
[8]庞瑞朋,王福明,王金龙,等.3D-CAFE法凝固参数对430不锈钢凝固组织的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2013(12):188.(PANG Rui-peng,WANG Fu-ming,WANG Jin-long,et al.Effect of solidification parameters on solidification structure of430 stainless steel based on 3D-CAFE method[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2013(12):188.)
[9]窦坤,卿家胜,王雷,等.基于微观偏析模型的连铸方坯内裂纹敏感性研究[J].金属学报,2014(12):1505.(DOU Kun,QING Jia-sheng,WANG Lei,et al.Research on internal crack susceptibility of continuous-casting bloom based on micro-segregation model[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014(12):1505.)
[10]虞觉奇,易文质,陈邦迪.二元合金状态图集[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987.(YU Jue-qi,YI Wen-zhi,CHEN Bang-di.Binary Alloy Phase Diagram[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1987.)
[11]陈家祥.钢铁冶金学(炼钢部分)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1990.(CHEN Jia-xiang.Ferrous Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1990.)
[12]李文超.冶金与材料物理化学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001.(LI Wen-chao.Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy and Materials[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2001.)
[13]M C J,Carrenogalindo V,D M R,et al.Macro-micro modeling of the dendritic microstructure of steel billets processed by continuous casting[J].ISIJ International,1998,38(8):812.
[14]冯军,陈伟庆,韩静,等.连铸参数对高碳钢小方坯二次枝晶间距的影响[J].钢铁,2006,41(9):37.(FENG Jun,CHEN Wei-qing,HAN Jing,et al.Effect of CC process parameters on secondary dendrite arm spacing of high carbon steel billets[J].Iron and Steel,2006,41(9):37.)
[15]魏军,刘中柱,蔡开科,等.炼钢—精炼—连铸工艺生产高碳钢的质量控制[J].炼钢,2000,16(3):46.(WEI Jun,LIU Zhong-zhu,CAI Kai-ke,et al.Quality control on high carbon steel production by steelmaking-refining-concasting process[J].Steelmaking,2000,16(3):46.)