电渣重熔M2高速钢铸锭的组织均匀性
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摘要
利用实验结合数值模拟的方法研究了直径为400mm的电渣重熔M2高速钢铸锭的组织均匀性,比较了靠近铸锭中心及边缘的微观组织差异,分析了局部凝固时间对共晶碳化物形态的影响规律。结果表明,靠近中心区域为粗大的柱状晶,莱氏体共晶包直径从100μm到400μm不等,共晶碳化物层片最宽可达几十微米,长度可达一百多微米。计算得到铸锭心部的局部凝固时间最长约1 300s。而靠近铸锭边缘处,柱状晶更加细小,共晶包直径介于50~200μm之间,共晶碳化物层片宽度约10μm左右,长度约几十微米。计算得到铸锭边缘的局部凝固时间最短为365s。电渣锭凝固至准稳态时,金属熔池呈锅底状,实测熔池深度约178mm,与模拟结果基本吻合。
The homogeneity of the microstructure in M2 high speed steel ingot with a diameter of 400 mm was studied by means of electroslag remelting process combined with numerical simulation.The microstructure differences between the center and the edge of the ingot were compared.The effects of local solidification time on eutectic carbides were discussed.The result shows that the size of the eutectic colonies varies from 100μm to 400μm near the center of the ingot,and lamellar eutectic carbides can reach a maximum thickness of tens of microns,and a length of more than 100μm.The maximum local solidification time is about 1 300 sat the center of ingot by calculation.Close to the edge of the ingot,the columnar crystals become small,and the size of eutectic colonies is among 50-200μm,and eutectic carbide lamellae are about 10μm in width,and tens of microns in length.The local solidification time at the edge of ingot is as short as 365 s.When solidification of the ingot becomes quasi-steady state during electroslag remelting,the metal pool is pot-bottom-like.The pool depth is about 178 mm by experiment,and the calculated pool depth is in accordance with that of experiment.
The homogeneity of the microstructure in M2 high speed steel ingot with a diameter of 400 mm was studied by means of electroslag remelting process combined with numerical simulation.The microstructure differences between the center and the edge of the ingot were compared.The effects of local solidification time on eutectic carbides were discussed.The result shows that the size of the eutectic colonies varies from 100μm to 400μm near the center of the ingot,and lamellar eutectic carbides can reach a maximum thickness of tens of microns,and a length of more than 100μm.The maximum local solidification time is about 1 300 sat the center of ingot by calculation.Close to the edge of the ingot,the columnar crystals become small,and the size of eutectic colonies is among 50-200μm,and eutectic carbide lamellae are about 10μm in width,and tens of microns in length.The local solidification time at the edge of ingot is as short as 365 s.When solidification of the ingot becomes quasi-steady state during electroslag remelting,the metal pool is pot-bottom-like.The pool depth is about 178 mm by experiment,and the calculated pool depth is in accordance with that of experiment.
引文
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[3]Zhou X F,Fang F,Li F,et al.Morphology and microstructure of M2C carbide formed at different cooling rates in AISI M2high speed steel[J].Journal of Materials Science,2011,46(5):1196.
[4]Zhou X F,Fang F,Jiang J Q,et al.Refining carbide dimensions in AISI M2high speed steel by increasing solidification rates and spheroidising heat treatment[J].Materials Science and Technology,2014,30(1):116.
[5]Luan Y,Song N,Bai Y,et al.Effect of solidification rate on the morphology and distribution of eutectic carbides in centrifugal casting high-speed steel rolls[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210(3):536.
[6]迟宏宵,马党参,徐辉霞,等.凝固速率对M2高速工具钢铸态组织的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(1):94.(Chi H X,Ma D S,Xu H X,et al.Effect of solidification rate on as-cast microstructure of M2high speed steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(1):94.)
[7]Zhou X,Fang F,Jiang J.Solidification microstructure of M2high speed steel by different casting technologies[J].China Foundry,2011,8(3):290.
[8]张彩东,蒋斌,杨琴,等.M2高速钢工业铸带中共晶碳化物及其演化[J].材料热处理学报,2009,30(3):107.(Zhang C D,Jiang B,Yang Q,et al.The evolution of eutectic carbide in M2high-speed steel cast-strip[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2009,30(3):107.)
[9]Zhang T,Wang Q,Song X,et al.Effect of electromagnetic centrifugal casting on solidification microstructure of cast high speed steel roll[J].Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,2011,42(6):557.
[10]初伟,谢尘,吴晓春.电渣重熔M2高速钢共晶碳化物控制研究[J].上海金属,2013,35(5):23.(Chu W,Xie C,Wu X C.Research on controlling eutectic carbides in M2high speed steel of ESR process[J].Shanghai Metals,2013,35(5):23.)
[11]臧喜民,邓鑫,姜周华,等.T型结晶器抽锭电渣重熔高速钢90mm方锭新工艺[J].钢铁,2016,51(1):39.(Zang X M,Deng X,Jiang Z H,et al.New manufacture of high speed steel 90mm billets by electroslag remelting withdrawing process[J].Iron and Steel,2016,51(1):39.)
[12]姜周华,董艳伍,耿鑫,等.电渣冶金学[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.(Jiang Z H,Dong Y W,Geng X,et al.Electroslag Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.)
[13]Fischmeister H F,Riedl R,Karag9z S.Solidification of high-speed tool steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,1989,20A(10):2133.
[14]姜周华,Lev Medovar,Ganna Stovpchenko,等.第二代液态电渣冶金技术的发展[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(3):1.(Jiang Z H,Lev M,Ganna S,et al.Technology development of the second-generation electro-slag metallurgy[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(3):1.)
[15]占礼春,迟宏宵,马党参,等.电渣重熔连续定向凝固M2高速钢铸态组织的研究[J].材料工程,2013,24(7):29.(Zhan L C,Chi H X,Ma D S,et al.The as-cast microstructure of ESR-CDS M2high speed steel[J].Materials Engineering,2013,24(7):29.)