短时有氧运动对甲基苯丙胺依赖者渴求度、情绪状态及神经递质的影响
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摘要
目的:探讨有氧运动改善甲基苯丙胺类(methamphetamine,METH)依赖者的情绪状态时的神经递质变化情况。方法:采用组内交叉设计,26名METH依赖者随机参加20 min中等强度有氧运动任务和对照任务。在运动前、运动期间和运动后等时刻点进行情绪、药物渴求度和神经递质等指标的评估。结果:有氧运动对渴求度的减缓效应从运动中延续至运动后60 min;有氧运动显著提升METH依赖者的积极情绪;有氧运动显著提升其多巴胺水平,未对其他神经递质产生影响。结论:中等强度有氧运动提升多巴胺水平来促进积极情绪的产生可能是有效降低METH依赖者渴求度的神经机制。
Objective: To explore the changes of neurotransmitters during aerobic exercise improving emotional state in methamphetamine(METH)-dependent individuals. Method: In a cross-over design, 26 METH dependencies were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: 20 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise task and control task. The indexes of emotional state, craving levels and neurotransmitters were evaluated at time points before, during and after exercise. Results: The moderating effects of aerobic exercise on cravings extend from exercise to 60 minutes after exercise; aerobic exercise significantly increased the positive mood of METH-dependent individuals; aerobic exercise significantly increased the dopamine levels,without affecting other neurotransmitters. Conclusions: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increasing dopamine levels to promote positive emotion may be a neurological mechanism to effectively reduce the craving of METH-dependent individuals.
Objective: To explore the changes of neurotransmitters during aerobic exercise improving emotional state in methamphetamine(METH)-dependent individuals. Method: In a cross-over design, 26 METH dependencies were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: 20 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise task and control task. The indexes of emotional state, craving levels and neurotransmitters were evaluated at time points before, during and after exercise. Results: The moderating effects of aerobic exercise on cravings extend from exercise to 60 minutes after exercise; aerobic exercise significantly increased the positive mood of METH-dependent individuals; aerobic exercise significantly increased the dopamine levels,without affecting other neurotransmitters. Conclusions: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increasing dopamine levels to promote positive emotion may be a neurological mechanism to effectively reduce the craving of METH-dependent individuals.
引文
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沈国琴,周永平,王健,2003.台阶试验研究进展[J].浙江体育科学,25(4):19-21.
王春光,袁明,罗贵伶,等,2017.甲基苯丙胺成瘾者情绪加工障碍的机制及其临床干预方法的整合研究进展[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,44(6):455-465.
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赵非一,周成林,刘天择,2018.运动锻炼抑制药物成瘾者心理渴求及复吸行为的神经生物学机制--基于运动对神经递质、激素和肽类物质的调节作用[J].体育科学,38(7):33-41.
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钟杰,钱铭怡,2005.中文情绪形容词检测表的编制与信效度研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,13(1):9-13.
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ARES-SANTOS S,GRANADO N,MORATALLA R,2013.The role of dopamine receptors in the neurotoxicity of methamphetamine[J].JIntern Med,273(5):437-453.
BAARENDSE P J J,WINSTANLEY C A,VANDERSCHUREN L J MJ,2013.Simultaneous blockade of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake promotes disadvantageous decision making in a rat gambling task[J].Psychopharmacology,225(3):719-731.
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BHERER L,ERICKSON K I,LIUAMBROSE T,2013.A Review of the Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Cognitive and Brain Functions in Older Adults[J].J Aging Res,657508(9):1-8.
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GREENWOOD B N,FOLEY T E,LE T V,et al.,2011.Long term voluntary wheel running is rewarding and produces plasticity in the mesolimbic reward pathway[J].Behav Brain Res,217(2):354-362.
HADLOCK G C,CHU P W,WALTERS E T,et al.,2010.Methamphetamine-induced dopamine transporter complex formation and dopaminergic deficits:the role of D2 receptor activation[J].J Pharmacol Exp Ther,335(1):207-212.
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JAFFERY A,EDWARDS M K,LOPRINZI P D,2018.The Effects of Acute Exercise on Cognitive Function:Solomon Experimental Design[J].J Prim Prev,39(2):1-10.
JANSE V R K,TAYLOR A,BENATTAYALLAH A,et al.,2012.The effects of exercise on cigarette cravings and brain activation in response to smoking-related images[J].Psychopharmacology,221(4):659-666.
KALIVAS P W,2009.The glutamate homeostasis hypothesis of addiction[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,10(8):561-572.
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KOOB G F,2013.Addiction is a Reward Deficit and Stress Surfeit Disorder[J].Front Psychiatry,4(1):72-80.
KURTI A N,DALLERY J,2014.Effects of exercise on craving and cigarette smoking in the human laboratory[J].Addict Behav,39(6):1131-1137.
LIN T W,KUO Y M,2013.Exercise Benefits Brain Function:The Monoamine Connection[J].Brain Sci,3(1):39-53.
LIU Y,LIANG J C,ZHAO C Z,et al.,2010.Looking for a solution for drug addiction in China:exploring the challenges and opportunities in the way of China’s new Drug Control Law[J].Int J Drug Policy,21(3):149-154.
MüLLER C P,HOMBERG J R,2015.The role of serotonin in drug use and addiction[J].Behav Brain Res,277(15):146-192.
MATHES W F,NEHRENBERG D L,GORDON R,et al.,2010.Dopaminergic dysregulation in mice selectively bred for excessive exercise or obesity[J].Behav Brain Res,210(2):155-163.
MCFADDEN L M,VIEIRABROCK P L,2014.Methamphetamine self-administration attenuates hippocampal serotonergic deficits:role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor[J].Int J Neuropsychopharmacol,17(8):1315-1320.
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