预冷吸气式发动机热力循环分析
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摘要
从预冷吸气式发动机热力循环的角度,分析了燃料性能及工质物性对发动机总体性能的影响,以及发动机循环过程参数的优选问题;为确定预冷吸气式发动机性能参数随循环运行参数的变化规律,以预冷涡喷发动机为对象,对发动机比冲及比推力同循环压比及预冷深度等参数之间的函数关系进行了讨论,并分析了压气机效率对发动机性能参数及最佳压比、最佳预冷深度的影响;本文的工作对认识预冷发动机性能及发动机具体循环的实现方式具有一定的指导作用。
The effects of fuel and working fluid properties on performance of the precooled air breathing engine and the optimum selection of engine cycle parameters were analyzed from the standpoint of thermodynamic cycle. To find out the variation of engine performance parameters with that of operation parameters, the influence of pressure ratio and precooling depth on specific impulse and specific thrust of the precooled turbojet engine was discussed. The effect of compressor efficiency to engine performance, optimum pressure ratio and optimal precooling depth was also analyzed. The work of this paper may provide some guidance in understanding the performance of precooled engine and the realization of the engine cycle.
The effects of fuel and working fluid properties on performance of the precooled air breathing engine and the optimum selection of engine cycle parameters were analyzed from the standpoint of thermodynamic cycle. To find out the variation of engine performance parameters with that of operation parameters, the influence of pressure ratio and precooling depth on specific impulse and specific thrust of the precooled turbojet engine was discussed. The effect of compressor efficiency to engine performance, optimum pressure ratio and optimal precooling depth was also analyzed. The work of this paper may provide some guidance in understanding the performance of precooled engine and the realization of the engine cycle.
引文
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[3]Coons L.Propulsion Challenges for Hypersonic Flight[C]//Aircraft Systems,Design and Technology Meeting,2013:2550-2620
[4]汪元,王振国.空气预冷发动机及微小通道流动传热研究综述[J].宇航学报,2016,37(01):11-20WANG Yuan,WANG Zhenguo.Review on Precooled Combined Cycle Engine and Mini-and Micro-Channel Flow Heat Transfer[J].Journal of Astronautics,2016,37(01):11-20
[5]邹正平,刘火星,唐海龙,等.高超声速航空发动机强预冷技术研究[J].航空学报,2015,36(8):2544-2562ZOU Zhengping,LIU Huoxing,TANG Hailong et al.Precooling Technology Study of Hypersonic Aeroengine[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(08):2544-2562
[6]张蒙正,南向谊,刘典多.预冷空气涡轮火箭组合动力系统原理与实现途径[J].火箭推进,2016,42(1):6-12ZHANG Mengzheng,NAN Xiangyi,LIU Dianduo.Principles and Realizing Ways of Combined Power System for Pre-cooling Air Turbo rocket[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2016,42(1):6-12
[7]Varvill R,Bond A.A Comparison of Propulsion Concepts for SSTO Reusable Launchers[J].Journal of the British Interplanetary Society,2003,56(3/4):108-117
[8]Mehta U,Bowles J,Melton J,et al.Water Injection Pre-compressor Cooling Assist Space Access[C]//18th AIAA/3AF International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference,2015:5850-5922
[9]Carter P,Balepin V.Mass Injection and Precompressor Cooling Engines Analyses[C]//38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference&Exhibit,2002:4000-4127
[10]Sato T,Tanatsugu N,Naruo Y,et al.Development Study on ATREX Engine[J].Acta Astronautica,2000,47(11):799-808
[11]Rosevear J.Liquid Air Cycle Engines[R].NASA Technical Report,1992
[12]Samuel R R.Jet Propulsion Unit with Cooling Means for Incoming Air:U S Patent 3,040,519[P].1962-6-26
[13]Sato T,Taguchi H,Kobayashi H,et al.Development Study of a Precooled Turbojet Engine[J].Acta Astronautica,2010,66(7):1169-1176
[14]Balepin V V,Maita M,B.Murthy S N.Third Way of Development of Single-stage-to-orbit Propulsion[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2000,16(1):99-104
[15]Jivraj F,Bond A,Varvill R,et al.The Scimitar Precooled Mach 5 Engine[C]//European Conference for Aero-space Sciences,2007
[16]Sloop J.Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel.The NASA History Series[R].BASA-SP-4404,TL 785S58,1978
[17]Webber H,Bond A,Hempsell M.The Sensitivity of Precooled Air-breathing Engine Performance to Heat Exchanger Design Parameters[J].Journal of the British Interplanetary Society,2007,60(5):188
[2]Escher W.Motive Power for Next Generation Space Transports-combined Airbreathing+Rocket Propulsion[M]//International Aerospace Planes and Hypersonics Technologies,1996:6000-6076
[3]Coons L.Propulsion Challenges for Hypersonic Flight[C]//Aircraft Systems,Design and Technology Meeting,2013:2550-2620
[4]汪元,王振国.空气预冷发动机及微小通道流动传热研究综述[J].宇航学报,2016,37(01):11-20WANG Yuan,WANG Zhenguo.Review on Precooled Combined Cycle Engine and Mini-and Micro-Channel Flow Heat Transfer[J].Journal of Astronautics,2016,37(01):11-20
[5]邹正平,刘火星,唐海龙,等.高超声速航空发动机强预冷技术研究[J].航空学报,2015,36(8):2544-2562ZOU Zhengping,LIU Huoxing,TANG Hailong et al.Precooling Technology Study of Hypersonic Aeroengine[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(08):2544-2562
[6]张蒙正,南向谊,刘典多.预冷空气涡轮火箭组合动力系统原理与实现途径[J].火箭推进,2016,42(1):6-12ZHANG Mengzheng,NAN Xiangyi,LIU Dianduo.Principles and Realizing Ways of Combined Power System for Pre-cooling Air Turbo rocket[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2016,42(1):6-12
[7]Varvill R,Bond A.A Comparison of Propulsion Concepts for SSTO Reusable Launchers[J].Journal of the British Interplanetary Society,2003,56(3/4):108-117
[8]Mehta U,Bowles J,Melton J,et al.Water Injection Pre-compressor Cooling Assist Space Access[C]//18th AIAA/3AF International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference,2015:5850-5922
[9]Carter P,Balepin V.Mass Injection and Precompressor Cooling Engines Analyses[C]//38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference&Exhibit,2002:4000-4127
[10]Sato T,Tanatsugu N,Naruo Y,et al.Development Study on ATREX Engine[J].Acta Astronautica,2000,47(11):799-808
[11]Rosevear J.Liquid Air Cycle Engines[R].NASA Technical Report,1992
[12]Samuel R R.Jet Propulsion Unit with Cooling Means for Incoming Air:U S Patent 3,040,519[P].1962-6-26
[13]Sato T,Taguchi H,Kobayashi H,et al.Development Study of a Precooled Turbojet Engine[J].Acta Astronautica,2010,66(7):1169-1176
[14]Balepin V V,Maita M,B.Murthy S N.Third Way of Development of Single-stage-to-orbit Propulsion[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2000,16(1):99-104
[15]Jivraj F,Bond A,Varvill R,et al.The Scimitar Precooled Mach 5 Engine[C]//European Conference for Aero-space Sciences,2007
[16]Sloop J.Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel.The NASA History Series[R].BASA-SP-4404,TL 785S58,1978
[17]Webber H,Bond A,Hempsell M.The Sensitivity of Precooled Air-breathing Engine Performance to Heat Exchanger Design Parameters[J].Journal of the British Interplanetary Society,2007,60(5):188