New methods designed to estimate the daily discharges of rivers in the Tibetan Plateau
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摘要
<正>River discharge is a significant hydrological variable, as it represents the basin-scale integrated output of the hydrological cycle. At present, river discharge observations are usually measured at ground-based gauges across rivers worldwide. In some areas, however, measurements used in the practice of flood prediction and disaster prevention are either fully inaccessible or difficult to obtain in a timely and functional fashion [1]. It has also been reported that the scarcity of global river discharge observations may have undermined the efforts to calculate a globally meaningful estimate of the adjusted biodiversity threat [2]. The Tibetan Plateau(TP), also known as the ‘‘Asian Water Tower", is the headwater
引文
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[3]Ding YJ,Zhang SQ,Zhao L,et al.Global warming weakening the inherent stability of glaciers and permafrost.Sci Bull 2019;64:245-53.
[4]Zhao P,Zhou XJ,Chen JM,et al.Global climate effects of summer Tibetan Plateau.Sci Bull 2019;64:1-3.
[5]Yao TD,Xue YK,Chen DL,et al.Recent Third Pole’s rapid warming accompanies cryospheric melt and water cycle intensification and interactions between monsoon and environment:multi-disciplinary approach with observation,modeling and analysis.Bull Am Meteorol Soc 2018.https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0057.1.
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[8]Bibi S,Wang L,Li XP,et al.Climatic and associated cryospheric,biospheric,and hydrological changes on the Tibetan Plateau:a review.Int J Climatol 2018;38(Suppl.1):e1-e17.
[9]Sichangi AW,Wang L,Yang K,et al.Estimating continental river basin discharges using multiple remote sensing data sets.Remote Sens Environ2016;179:36-53.
[10]Gleason CJ,Smith LC.Toward global mapping of river discharge using satellite images and at-many-stations hydraulic geometry.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2014;111:4788-91.
[11]Manning R.On the flow of water in open channels and pipes.Trans Inst Civil Eng Ireland 1889:161-207.
[12]Sichangi AW,Wang L,Hu Z.Estimation of river discharge solely from remotesensing derived data:an initial study over the Yangtze River.Remote SensBasel 2018;10:1385.
[2]Vorosmarty CJ,McIntyre PB,Gessner MO,et al.Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity.Nature 2010;467:555-61.
[3]Ding YJ,Zhang SQ,Zhao L,et al.Global warming weakening the inherent stability of glaciers and permafrost.Sci Bull 2019;64:245-53.
[4]Zhao P,Zhou XJ,Chen JM,et al.Global climate effects of summer Tibetan Plateau.Sci Bull 2019;64:1-3.
[5]Yao TD,Xue YK,Chen DL,et al.Recent Third Pole’s rapid warming accompanies cryospheric melt and water cycle intensification and interactions between monsoon and environment:multi-disciplinary approach with observation,modeling and analysis.Bull Am Meteorol Soc 2018.https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0057.1.
[6]Zhao F,Xu Z,Zhang L,et al.Streamflow response to climate variability and human activities in the upper catchment of the Yellow River Basin.Sci China Ser E:Technol Sci 2009;52:3249-56.
[7]Zhou D,Huang R.Responses of water budget to recent climatic changes in the source region of the Yellow River.Chin Sci Bull 2012;57:2155-62.
[8]Bibi S,Wang L,Li XP,et al.Climatic and associated cryospheric,biospheric,and hydrological changes on the Tibetan Plateau:a review.Int J Climatol 2018;38(Suppl.1):e1-e17.
[9]Sichangi AW,Wang L,Yang K,et al.Estimating continental river basin discharges using multiple remote sensing data sets.Remote Sens Environ2016;179:36-53.
[10]Gleason CJ,Smith LC.Toward global mapping of river discharge using satellite images and at-many-stations hydraulic geometry.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2014;111:4788-91.
[11]Manning R.On the flow of water in open channels and pipes.Trans Inst Civil Eng Ireland 1889:161-207.
[12]Sichangi AW,Wang L,Hu Z.Estimation of river discharge solely from remotesensing derived data:an initial study over the Yangtze River.Remote SensBasel 2018;10:1385.