利用比特币实施违法犯罪行为过程探析
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摘要
比特币是基于区块链技术的一种应用,是世界上第一个去中心化、匿名的分布式数字货币。其主要特征是去中心化、分散化、匿名性、无主权和超国家性,只能在数字世界使用,不受地域的限制,可以在世界任何地方进行兑换。正是基于这些特征,国内外已经有不法分子开始利用比特币进行洗钱、非法集资、诈骗等多种违法犯罪活动。这些活动对现有的货币流动监控体系构成了极大的威胁,世界各国正在加强对利用以比特币为主的网络虚拟货币实施违法犯罪活动进行法律规制、预防和打击。分析和研究利用比特币实施违法犯罪风险及其行为过程,可以为打击互联网领域违法犯罪行为和制定相关法律法规打下基础,为相关部门的监管活动及侦办违法犯罪案件提供参考。
Bitcoin is an application based on Blockchain technology. It is the w orld's first decentralized and anonymous distributed digital currency. Its main features are decentralization,dispersibility,anonymity,non-sovereignty and exceed-nationality. It can only be used in the digital w orld,regardless of geographical restrictions,and can be exchanged anyw here in the w orld. Based on these characteristics,domestic and foreign criminals use Bitcoins to carry out various criminal activities such as money laundering,illegal fund-raising,fraud,etc.,posing a great threat to the existing currency flow monitoring system. Analysis and research on the status of Bitcoin crimes and their behavioral processes can lay a foundation for cracking dow n on crimes in the Internet field and formulating relevant law s and regulations,and provide reference for relevant departments to monitor activities and investigate crimes.
Bitcoin is an application based on Blockchain technology. It is the w orld's first decentralized and anonymous distributed digital currency. Its main features are decentralization,dispersibility,anonymity,non-sovereignty and exceed-nationality. It can only be used in the digital w orld,regardless of geographical restrictions,and can be exchanged anyw here in the w orld. Based on these characteristics,domestic and foreign criminals use Bitcoins to carry out various criminal activities such as money laundering,illegal fund-raising,fraud,etc.,posing a great threat to the existing currency flow monitoring system. Analysis and research on the status of Bitcoin crimes and their behavioral processes can lay a foundation for cracking dow n on crimes in the Internet field and formulating relevant law s and regulations,and provide reference for relevant departments to monitor activities and investigate crimes.
引文
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[18]周新琛.商业贿赂犯罪行为类型及司法认定问题研究[D].华东政法大学,2014.
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[2]罗强,张睿.比特币[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014:10.
[3]陈道富,王刚.比特币的发展现状、风险特征和监管建议[J].学习与探索,2014,225(04):88-92.
[4]区块链指南第1集:千字读懂“ICO、区块链、比特币”的江湖[EB/OL]. http://sh. qihoo. com/pc/9998efe3731cfb9eb? sign=360_e39369d1. 2018-04-04/2018-06-16.
[5]赵磊.比特币可能具有什么法律性质[N].经济参考报,2018-05-02/2018-06-15.
[6]吴斌.借“区块链”、“虚拟货币”等名义,涉嫌组织领导传销活动犯罪的辩护要点归纳[EB/OL]. https://w w w. sohu. com/a/232630196_823925. 2018-05-23/2018-06-18.
[7]陈道富,王刚.近期比特币在我国的发展及问题[N].中国经济时报,2014-01-23.
[8]中国新闻网.央行等五部委发布通知防范比特币风险[EB/OL]. http://finance. chinanews. com/fortune/2013/12-05/5585618. shtml. 2013-12-05/2018-06-15.
[9]财新网.央行约谈比特币平台警惕潜在风险重申反洗钱规定[EB/OL]. http://www. sohu. com/a/123904940_473443. 2017-01-10/2018-06-16.
[10]京华论坛.央行严厉打击非法集资虚拟货币的行为[EB/OL]. http://bbs. qianlong. com/thread-10608433-1-1. html. 2018-06-09/2018-06-16.
[11]新浪财经.央行联手最高法院等11部委集中打击新型非法集资[EB/OL]. http://finance. sina. com. cn/china/gncj/2018-04-23/doc-ifzfkmth7198426. shtml. 2018-04-23/2018-06-12.
[12]杨东.强化ICO融资风险监管[N].金融时报,2017-08-28.
[13]吴相松.玩转众筹一本通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2016:111-114.
[14]陶遵臣,王瑞尘.偷换手机零件的行为是盗窃还是侵占[N].人民公安报,2016-11-28.
[15]严湘君.比特币交易网GBL卷款跑路500人受损或超2000万[N].第一财经日报,2013-11-14.
[16]肖飒. ICO距离“反洗钱”只差一个“窗口指导”了[EB/OL]. https://news. p2peye. com/article-500565-1.html. 2017-08-31/2018-06-18.
[17]IBTimes中文网.一比特币交易所首席执行官因洗钱被捕[EB/OL]. http://trad. ibtimes. com. cn/articles/35284/20140128/bitinstant-ceo-arrested-for-allegedmoney-laundering. htm2014-01-28/2018-06-18.
[18]周新琛.商业贿赂犯罪行为类型及司法认定问题研究[D].华东政法大学,2014.
[19]东方财富网.互金协会:比特币等虚拟货币日益成违法犯罪活动工具[EB/OL]. http://guba. eastmoney. com/new s,cjpl,703579196,d. html. 2017-09-13/2018-06-16.