煤-热共采的理论与技术框架
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摘要
煤炭与地热资源共采是煤及煤系共伴生资源共采的积极探索,是煤炭安全开采和地热能利用的有机结合,开发和利用矿山地热,可为绿色矿山建设和地热能发展做贡献。总结了我国高地温矿井的类型及其成因,统计了我国高地温矿井的分布情况,论述了开发和利用矿山地热资源的必要性和可行性。提出了煤-热共采的概念,从工程背景、科学问题、关键技术和工程实践等方面阐述了煤-热共采的基本理论与技术框架。探讨了煤-热共采的科学问题,包括煤系储层的地质力学问题,高地温矿井热源分析及深部地温分布规律,矿山地热资源的技术经济评价方法,煤-热共采的多场耦合及其演化规律等问题。在此基础上,分析了煤-热共采的关键技术,包括共采工艺,井下钻井与成井工艺,井下抽采与回灌技术,高效能热泵技术,高效能集输与间接换热技术,动态监测和智能调峰技术等。
Simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is an active investigation on the simultaneous extraction of coal and its associated resources,and it is also a combination of coal mining and geothermal energy utilization.To take advantage of the geothermal resources in the underground mines makes some contributions to the construction of green mines and the development of geothermal energy.The types and the causes of high temperature mines in China are summarized,the statistics of the dis-tribution of high temperature mines in China are presented,and the necessity and feasibility of the development and utilization of geothermal resources in mines are discussed.The basic concept of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is put forward,and the framework of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is described from the aspects of engineering background,scientific issues,key technologies and practices.The scientific issues are discussed,including coal reservoir geomechanics,temperature distribution law of deep section in high temperature mines,technical and economic evaluation method of mine geothermal resources,and multi-field coupling and its evolution laws.Based on the study,the key technical issues of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources are analyzed,including the process of resources simultaneous mining,high efficient heat pump technology,the process of drilling and well completion in underground mines,the extraction and re-injection technology in underground mines,the high efficient gathering and transportation and indirect heat exchange technology,dynamic monitoring and intelligent peaking technology.
Simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is an active investigation on the simultaneous extraction of coal and its associated resources,and it is also a combination of coal mining and geothermal energy utilization.To take advantage of the geothermal resources in the underground mines makes some contributions to the construction of green mines and the development of geothermal energy.The types and the causes of high temperature mines in China are summarized,the statistics of the dis-tribution of high temperature mines in China are presented,and the necessity and feasibility of the development and utilization of geothermal resources in mines are discussed.The basic concept of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is put forward,and the framework of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources is described from the aspects of engineering background,scientific issues,key technologies and practices.The scientific issues are discussed,including coal reservoir geomechanics,temperature distribution law of deep section in high temperature mines,technical and economic evaluation method of mine geothermal resources,and multi-field coupling and its evolution laws.Based on the study,the key technical issues of simultaneous extraction of coal and geothermal resources are analyzed,including the process of resources simultaneous mining,high efficient heat pump technology,the process of drilling and well completion in underground mines,the extraction and re-injection technology in underground mines,the high efficient gathering and transportation and indirect heat exchange technology,dynamic monitoring and intelligent peaking technology.
引文
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[9]张化远.地下矿山节能的措施及途径[J].金属矿山,1981(11):13-15.ZHANGHuayuan.Energy saving measures and ways of underground mines[J].Metal Mine,1981(11):13-15.
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[12]GUO Pingye,ZHU Guolong,HE Manchao.HEMS technique for heat-harm control and geo-thermal utilization in deep mines[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(3):289-296.
[13]刘存玉.多功能变工况热泵系统分析及其应用研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.LIU Cunyu.Multi-function variable conditions heat pump system analysis and its application in Wutongzhuang mine[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2013.
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[15]国家发展和改革委员会.煤炭工业发展“十三五”规划[S].2017.
[16]邓孝.改进的矿山地温类型[J].地质科学,1990(1):81-86.DENG Xiao.An improved classification of geo-temperature types of mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,1990(1):81-86.
[17]张源,万志军.巷道围岩温度场及其实验方法[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2016:1-2
[18]陈墨香,邓孝,王钧,等.华北平原地下热水形成条件与赋存特征[J].武汉地质学院报,1985,10(1):83-90.CHEN Moxiang,DENG Xiao,WANG Jun,et al.On the formation and accumulation of thermal water in north China plain[J].Journal of Wuhan College of Geology,1985,10(1):83-90.
[19]李志健.大强煤矿热害区巷道围岩温度场的多场耦合模拟分析[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2011:5-6.LI Zhijian.A multi-field coupling numerical analysis surrounding Daqiang mine thermal damage zone of tunnel surrounding rock’s temperature field[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2011:5-6.
[20]魏京胜,张党育,岳丰田,等.梧桐庄矿热泵系统可用热源分析及利用[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(5):120-124.WEI Jingsheng,ZHANG Dangyu,YUE Fengtian,et al.Analysis and utilization on available heat sources of heat pump system in Wutongzhuang Mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(5):120-124.
[21]王洪义,陈启永,刘桂平.平顶山矿区热害产生原因及治理对策[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,32(9):19-22.WANG Hongyi,CHEN Qiyong,LIU Guiping.Cause and control countermeasures of geothermal disaster in Pingdingshan mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2004,32(9):19-22.
[22]肖知国,冉松河,袁东升.梁北煤矿高温成因分析与降温对策[J].矿业安全与环保,2007,34(4):37-42.XIAO Zhiguo,RAN Songhe,YUAN Dongsheng.High temperature cause analysis and cooling method of Liangbei coal mine[J].Mining Safety and Environment Protection,2007,34(4):37-42.
[23]王成,方月梅,何明礼,等.磁西矿井风温预测与热害分析[J].湖北理工学院学报,2014,30(2):27-31.WANG Cheng,FANG Yuemei,HE Mingli,et al.Underground air temperature prediction and heat stress analysis of Cixi coal mine[J].Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University,2014,30(2):27-31.
[24]吴兆吉.梅花井煤矿深部热害防治技术的应用[J].科技创新导报,2012(7):67.WU Zhaoji.Application of deep heat prevention technology in Meihuajing coal mine[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2012(7):67.
[25]刘建功.煤矿低温热源利用技术研究与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(4):124-128.LIU Jiangong.Study and application of mine low temperature thermal resources utilization technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(4):124-128.
[26]朱东东.余热提取技术在煤矿热泵系统设计中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(5):24-26.ZHU Dongdong.Residual heat recovering technology applied to design of mine heat pump system[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(5):24-26.
[27]马一太,田华,李敏霞,等.水源热泵能效标准的研究和合理化分析[A].2009年学术年会[C].中国制冷学会,2009.
[28]GB/T 19409—2013.水(地)源热泵机组[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[29]刘伟.矿井水源热泵系统的研究与应用[D].济南:山东科技大学,2009:18-19.LIU Wei.Study and application of water source heat pump system[D].Jinan:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2009:18-19.
[30]ZHAO Yangsheng,FENG Zijun,XI Baoping,et al.Deformation and instability failure of borehole at high temperature and high pressure in Hot Dry Rock exploitation[J].Renewable Energy,2015,77(1):159-165.
[31]顾大钊.煤矿地下水库理论框架与技术体系[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):239-246.GU Dazhao.Theory framework and technological system of coal mine underground reservoir[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):239-246.
[32]毕世科,万志军,张洪伟,等.唐口煤矿地热资源开发及利用研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):208-214.BI Shike,WAN Zhijun,ZHANG Hongwei,et al.Research on the development and utilization of geothermal resources in Tangkou coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):208-214.
[33]杜建巍.矿井余热回收利用技术方案研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2013:6-7.DU Jianwei.The study of mine waste heat recycling technology[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2013:6-7.
[34]张科利.矿井低品位热能综合利用技术研究及应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(7):27-29.ZHANG Keli.Study and application of comprehensive utilization technology for coal mine low grade heat energy[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(7):27-29.
[35]李欣,谷雪曦.雄县模式的经验与启示[J].地热能,2015(6):19-22.LI Xin,GU Xuexi.The experience and enlightenment of Xiongxian model[J].Geothermal Energy,2015(6):19-22.
[2]谢和平,周宏伟,薛东杰,等.煤炭深部开采与极限开采深度的研究与思考[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):535-542.XIE Heping,ZHOU Hongwei,XUE Dongjie,et al.Research and consideration on deep coal mining and critical mining depth[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(4):535-542.
[3]袁亮.淮南矿区矿井降温研究与实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(3):298-301.YUAN Liang.Theoretical analysis and practical application of coal mine cooling in Huainan mining area[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(3):298-301.
[4]黄炳香,赵兴龙,张权.煤与煤系伴生资源共采的理论与技术框架[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(4):653-662.HUANG Bingxiang,ZHANG Xinglong,ZHANG Quan.Framework of the theory and technology for simultaneous mining of coal and its associated resources[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2016,45(4):653-662.
[5]王冲,万志军,蔡中秋,等.深井煤矿巷道低碳降温新思路[J].煤炭科技,2011(1):47-49.WANG Chong,WAN Zhijun,CAI Zhongqiu,et al.Low-carbon cooling ideas in deep coal mine roadway[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2011(1):47-49.
[6]王冲.井巷喷注隔热材料降温机理及实验研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011:1-6.WANG Chong.The cooling mechanism and experimental study of injecting thermal insulation material in roadway[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011:1-6.
[7]苗素军,辛嵩,彭蓬,等.矿井降温系统优选决策理论研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(4):613-618.MIAO Sujun,XIN Song,PENG Peng,et al.Research and application optimization and decision theory of cooling system[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(4):613-618.
[8]余恒昌.矿山地热与热害治理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991.
[9]张化远.地下矿山节能的措施及途径[J].金属矿山,1981(11):13-15.ZHANGHuayuan.Energy saving measures and ways of underground mines[J].Metal Mine,1981(11):13-15.
[10]刘伟.矿井水源热泵系统的研究与应用[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2009:9-10.LIU Wei.Study and application of the mine water-source heat pump system[D].Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2009:9-10.
[11]何满潮,徐敏.HEMS深井降温系统研发及热害控制对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1353-1361.HEManchao,Xu Min.Research and development of HEMS cooling system and heat-harm control in deep mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1353-1361.
[12]GUO Pingye,ZHU Guolong,HE Manchao.HEMS technique for heat-harm control and geo-thermal utilization in deep mines[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(3):289-296.
[13]刘存玉.多功能变工况热泵系统分析及其应用研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.LIU Cunyu.Multi-function variable conditions heat pump system analysis and its application in Wutongzhuang mine[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2013.
[14]国家发展和改革委员会.地热能开发利用“十三五”规划[S].2017.
[15]国家发展和改革委员会.煤炭工业发展“十三五”规划[S].2017.
[16]邓孝.改进的矿山地温类型[J].地质科学,1990(1):81-86.DENG Xiao.An improved classification of geo-temperature types of mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,1990(1):81-86.
[17]张源,万志军.巷道围岩温度场及其实验方法[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2016:1-2
[18]陈墨香,邓孝,王钧,等.华北平原地下热水形成条件与赋存特征[J].武汉地质学院报,1985,10(1):83-90.CHEN Moxiang,DENG Xiao,WANG Jun,et al.On the formation and accumulation of thermal water in north China plain[J].Journal of Wuhan College of Geology,1985,10(1):83-90.
[19]李志健.大强煤矿热害区巷道围岩温度场的多场耦合模拟分析[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2011:5-6.LI Zhijian.A multi-field coupling numerical analysis surrounding Daqiang mine thermal damage zone of tunnel surrounding rock’s temperature field[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2011:5-6.
[20]魏京胜,张党育,岳丰田,等.梧桐庄矿热泵系统可用热源分析及利用[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(5):120-124.WEI Jingsheng,ZHANG Dangyu,YUE Fengtian,et al.Analysis and utilization on available heat sources of heat pump system in Wutongzhuang Mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(5):120-124.
[21]王洪义,陈启永,刘桂平.平顶山矿区热害产生原因及治理对策[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,32(9):19-22.WANG Hongyi,CHEN Qiyong,LIU Guiping.Cause and control countermeasures of geothermal disaster in Pingdingshan mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2004,32(9):19-22.
[22]肖知国,冉松河,袁东升.梁北煤矿高温成因分析与降温对策[J].矿业安全与环保,2007,34(4):37-42.XIAO Zhiguo,RAN Songhe,YUAN Dongsheng.High temperature cause analysis and cooling method of Liangbei coal mine[J].Mining Safety and Environment Protection,2007,34(4):37-42.
[23]王成,方月梅,何明礼,等.磁西矿井风温预测与热害分析[J].湖北理工学院学报,2014,30(2):27-31.WANG Cheng,FANG Yuemei,HE Mingli,et al.Underground air temperature prediction and heat stress analysis of Cixi coal mine[J].Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University,2014,30(2):27-31.
[24]吴兆吉.梅花井煤矿深部热害防治技术的应用[J].科技创新导报,2012(7):67.WU Zhaoji.Application of deep heat prevention technology in Meihuajing coal mine[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2012(7):67.
[25]刘建功.煤矿低温热源利用技术研究与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(4):124-128.LIU Jiangong.Study and application of mine low temperature thermal resources utilization technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(4):124-128.
[26]朱东东.余热提取技术在煤矿热泵系统设计中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(5):24-26.ZHU Dongdong.Residual heat recovering technology applied to design of mine heat pump system[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(5):24-26.
[27]马一太,田华,李敏霞,等.水源热泵能效标准的研究和合理化分析[A].2009年学术年会[C].中国制冷学会,2009.
[28]GB/T 19409—2013.水(地)源热泵机组[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[29]刘伟.矿井水源热泵系统的研究与应用[D].济南:山东科技大学,2009:18-19.LIU Wei.Study and application of water source heat pump system[D].Jinan:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2009:18-19.
[30]ZHAO Yangsheng,FENG Zijun,XI Baoping,et al.Deformation and instability failure of borehole at high temperature and high pressure in Hot Dry Rock exploitation[J].Renewable Energy,2015,77(1):159-165.
[31]顾大钊.煤矿地下水库理论框架与技术体系[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):239-246.GU Dazhao.Theory framework and technological system of coal mine underground reservoir[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):239-246.
[32]毕世科,万志军,张洪伟,等.唐口煤矿地热资源开发及利用研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):208-214.BI Shike,WAN Zhijun,ZHANG Hongwei,et al.Research on the development and utilization of geothermal resources in Tangkou coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):208-214.
[33]杜建巍.矿井余热回收利用技术方案研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2013:6-7.DU Jianwei.The study of mine waste heat recycling technology[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2013:6-7.
[34]张科利.矿井低品位热能综合利用技术研究及应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(7):27-29.ZHANG Keli.Study and application of comprehensive utilization technology for coal mine low grade heat energy[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(7):27-29.
[35]李欣,谷雪曦.雄县模式的经验与启示[J].地热能,2015(6):19-22.LI Xin,GU Xuexi.The experience and enlightenment of Xiongxian model[J].Geothermal Energy,2015(6):19-22.