情境理论视角下儿童临终关怀服务的社会工作探索
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摘要
分析了临终患儿多层面的特殊性,包括在生理层面对于疾病、疼痛以及药物的感知与反应;心理层面对死亡认知的差异性以及濒死时心理状态的改变;家庭支持网络的特殊性与学校支持网络的重要性;以及身为儿童对于发展与学习的特殊需要。并基于对重庆市FS儿童医院、长沙市H儿童临终关怀机构的患儿临终关怀服务的调查,论述"情境理论"的基本观点及其在医学中的适用性,提出搭建以"情境理论"为理论视角,以患儿为中心的个体增能、家庭增能、照护专业增能和社会资源链接的儿童临终社会工作服务模式。
This paper analyzes the particularities of dying children in several aspects, including their perceptions and responses to diseases, pain and drugs at the physiological level; the difference of death perception at the psychological level and the change of mental state at the time of dying; the particularity of family support network and the importance of school support network; and the special needs of children for development and learning. Based on the investigation of hospice care services of Chongqing FS Children's Hospital and Changsha H Center for Children's Hospice Care, this paper discusses the basic viewpoints of "theory of person-in-situation" and its practicability in medicine, and puts forward the construction of a service model that children's hospice social workers, who take "theory of person-in-situation" as the theoretical perspective, take children as the center, and link the progress of individual, family, nursing care with social resources.
This paper analyzes the particularities of dying children in several aspects, including their perceptions and responses to diseases, pain and drugs at the physiological level; the difference of death perception at the psychological level and the change of mental state at the time of dying; the particularity of family support network and the importance of school support network; and the special needs of children for development and learning. Based on the investigation of hospice care services of Chongqing FS Children's Hospital and Changsha H Center for Children's Hospice Care, this paper discusses the basic viewpoints of "theory of person-in-situation" and its practicability in medicine, and puts forward the construction of a service model that children's hospice social workers, who take "theory of person-in-situation" as the theoretical perspective, take children as the center, and link the progress of individual, family, nursing care with social resources.
引文
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[10] 雷明,迪金森.温暖消逝[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016.
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[12] 林晓霞,陈燕惠.白血病儿童在疾病不同阶段存在的心理问题[J].国际精神病学杂志,2011(4):263-266.
[13] 王圣莉.癌症患者临终关怀的社会工作探索:以肺癌晚期患者为例[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(7A):46-48.
[14] 季庆英,陆杨.中国本土化儿童临终关怀社会工作实务体系探索研究[J].重庆工商大学学报:社会科学版,2017(3):25-30.
[15] 常蕾,霍莉钦.白血病患儿的心理干预[J].中国小儿血液与肿瘤杂志,2011(4):148-154.
[16] 胡启明.一个异国护士的中国梦:中国首个“蝴蝶之家”儿童临终关怀中心纪实[J].北京文学,2016(1):4-21.
[2] 冉伶,许毅.儿童临终关怀的发展[J].医学与哲学,2014,35(1A):37-39.
[3] 宁玉梅.人在情境中:生态系统理论和增权理论的比较[J].学理论,2013(25):130-131.
[4] 于梦根,魏景明,任苒.患者对过度医疗的认知与行为调查分析[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(9A):81-84.
[5] 王文超,张玉侠.儿童临终关怀的研究进展[J].护理学杂志,2017(3):103-106.
[6] 扈红蕾,张艳玲.新生儿、儿童、老年人临终关怀护理特点分析[J].现代医药卫生,2014,30(23):3673-3674.
[7] 黄晓月.儿童对死亡认知的研究综述[J].现代企业教育,2010(2):201-203.
[8] 周玲君,赵继军.癌症儿童的临终关怀[J].现代护理,2006(1):93-94.
[9] 朱莉琪,方富熹.学前儿童对死亡认知的研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2006(1):91-93.
[10] 雷明,迪金森.温暖消逝[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016.
[11] 李伟梅,段爱旭.癌症临终患者面对死亡时心理反应与需求的质性研究[J].中国医药指南,2017(12):50-52.
[12] 林晓霞,陈燕惠.白血病儿童在疾病不同阶段存在的心理问题[J].国际精神病学杂志,2011(4):263-266.
[13] 王圣莉.癌症患者临终关怀的社会工作探索:以肺癌晚期患者为例[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(7A):46-48.
[14] 季庆英,陆杨.中国本土化儿童临终关怀社会工作实务体系探索研究[J].重庆工商大学学报:社会科学版,2017(3):25-30.
[15] 常蕾,霍莉钦.白血病患儿的心理干预[J].中国小儿血液与肿瘤杂志,2011(4):148-154.
[16] 胡启明.一个异国护士的中国梦:中国首个“蝴蝶之家”儿童临终关怀中心纪实[J].北京文学,2016(1):4-21.