基于电池寿命的复合储能系统参数优化及能量管理
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摘要
为延长锂离子电池的使用寿命,提出了一种复合储能系统(HESS)参数优化及能量管理方法。以某混合动力电动汽车(HEV)为目标,利用工况条件下电池寿命模型的动态规划算法,对一个复合储能系统HESS进行参数优化,得到最低成本下的锂离子电池和超级电容参数。以车速、整车功率需求、超级电容能量状态(SOE)为输入,设计了模糊控制器,对该HESS进行能量管理。对一个自行设计的样机进行了实验验证。结果表明:加入超级电容后,在新欧洲行驶循环(NEDC)、美国城市机动车行驶规程(UDDS)、欧洲经济委员会(ECE)等法规工况下,该电池寿命分别延长了18.0%、31.2%、38.3%,每km成本下降了17.2%。
A method of parameter optimization and energy management was proposed for a hybrid energy storage system(HESS) to prolong the life of lithium-ion batteries. The HESS parameters of a target hybrid electric vehicle(HEV) were optimized by using a dynamic programming algorithm based on a life model of lithium-ion batteries established by the authors under driving cycles to obtain the parameters of lithium-ion batteries and super-capacitors at the lowest cost. A fuzzy controller was designed to manage the energy of the HESS with input parameters of the vehicle speed, the vehicle power requirement, and the state of energy(SOE)of a super-capacitor. And a prototype was made for experimental verification. The results show that the battery lives are prolonged by 18.0%, 31.2% and 38.3% respectively under the regulations of the new Europe driving cycle(NEDC), the urban dynamometer driving schedule(UDDS) of USA, and the Economic Commission for Europe(ECE) of UN, and the cost per kilometer decreases by 17.2%.
A method of parameter optimization and energy management was proposed for a hybrid energy storage system(HESS) to prolong the life of lithium-ion batteries. The HESS parameters of a target hybrid electric vehicle(HEV) were optimized by using a dynamic programming algorithm based on a life model of lithium-ion batteries established by the authors under driving cycles to obtain the parameters of lithium-ion batteries and super-capacitors at the lowest cost. A fuzzy controller was designed to manage the energy of the HESS with input parameters of the vehicle speed, the vehicle power requirement, and the state of energy(SOE)of a super-capacitor. And a prototype was made for experimental verification. The results show that the battery lives are prolonged by 18.0%, 31.2% and 38.3% respectively under the regulations of the new Europe driving cycle(NEDC), the urban dynamometer driving schedule(UDDS) of USA, and the Economic Commission for Europe(ECE) of UN, and the cost per kilometer decreases by 17.2%.
引文
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[12]Ansarey M,Panahi M S,Ziarati H,et al.Optimal energy management in a dual-storage fuel-cell hybrid vehicle using multi-dimensional dynamic programming[J].JPower Sources,2014,250:359-371.
[13]曲晓冬.混合动力车用复合电源匹配与控制理论研究[D]长春:吉林大学,2014.QU Xiaodong.Research on the design and control theory of the synergic electric storage system in HEV[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2014.(in Chinese).
[14]深圳供电局有限公司.深圳市电动汽车充电设施居民合表用户峰谷电价价目表[EB/OL].(2017-07-01).https://95598.sz.csg.cn/help/wzcx.do.Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co.,Ltd.Electric vehicle charging peak valley electricity price in Shenzhen[EB/OL].(2017-07-01).https://95598.sz.csg.cn/help/wzcx.do.(in Chinese).
[2]Kuperman A,Aharon I,Malki S,et al.Design of a semiactive battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy source[J].IEEE Trans Power Electronics,2013,28(2):806-815.
[3]Ostadi A,Kazerani M.A Comparative analysis of optimal sizing of battery-only,ultracapacitor-only,and batteryultracapacitor hybrid energy storage systems for a city bus[J].IEEE Trans Vehi Tech,2015,64(10):4449-4460.
[4]Masih-Tehrani M,Ha'iri-Yazdi M R,Esfahanian V,et al.Optimum sizing and optimum energy management of a hybrid energy storage system for lithium battery life improvement[J].J Power Sources,2013,244:2-10.
[5]LI Qi,CHEN Weirong,LI Yankun,et al.Energy management strategy for fuel cell/battery/ultracapacitor hybrid vehicle based on fuzzy logic[J].Int'l J Elec Power Energy Syst,2012,43(1):514-525.
[6]SONG Ziyou,LI Jianqiu,HOU Jun,et al.The batterysupercapacitor hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicle applications:A case study[J].Energy,2018,154:433-441.
[7]Moreno J,Ortuzar M E,Dixon J W.Energy-management system for a hybrid electric vehicle,using ultracapacitors and neural networks[J].IEEE Tran Indu Electronics,2006,53(2):614-623.
[8]Camara M B,Dakyo B,Gualous H.Polynomial control method of DC-DC converters for DC-Bus voltage and currents management-battery and supercapacitors[J].IEEE Trans Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1455-1467.
[9]Ortuzar M,Moreno J,Dixon J.Ultracapacitorbased auxiliary energy system for an electric vehicle:Implementation and evaluation[J].IEEE Trans Indu Electronics,2007,54(4):2147-2156.
[10]罗玉涛,王峰,喻皓,等.基于行驶工况的磷酸铁锂电池寿命模型研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(8):881-885.LUO Yutao,WANG Feng,YU Hao,et al.A study on the driving-cycle-based life model for LiFePO4 battery[J].Automotive Engineering,2015,37(8):881-885.(in Chinese).
[11]Sundstr¨om O,Guzzella L.A generic dynamic programming matlab function[C]//Proc IEEE Int'l Conf Cont Appl,Saint Petersburg,2009:1625-1630.
[12]Ansarey M,Panahi M S,Ziarati H,et al.Optimal energy management in a dual-storage fuel-cell hybrid vehicle using multi-dimensional dynamic programming[J].JPower Sources,2014,250:359-371.
[13]曲晓冬.混合动力车用复合电源匹配与控制理论研究[D]长春:吉林大学,2014.QU Xiaodong.Research on the design and control theory of the synergic electric storage system in HEV[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2014.(in Chinese).
[14]深圳供电局有限公司.深圳市电动汽车充电设施居民合表用户峰谷电价价目表[EB/OL].(2017-07-01).https://95598.sz.csg.cn/help/wzcx.do.Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co.,Ltd.Electric vehicle charging peak valley electricity price in Shenzhen[EB/OL].(2017-07-01).https://95598.sz.csg.cn/help/wzcx.do.(in Chinese).