文冠果地理种源变异及优良种源筛选
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摘要
为了解不同种源文冠果种子和苗期性状变异规律及其与地理气候因子的关系,选择适宜辽宁省阜新市彰武县育苗的优良种源,测定了文冠果24个地理种源种子性状,并在辽宁省阜新市彰武县进行不同种源苗期试验。结果表明:文冠果种源间种子及苗期性状差异极显著,各性状的重复力为60.1%～98.2%,其中,种宽、种厚和种长的重复力较高,均达到95%以上;种宽与地径呈显著正相关,苗期各性状间均呈极显著正相关,海拔与种长、种宽、单粒质量,呈显著负相关,年均日照时间与种厚、苗高呈显著负相关,年均气温、年降水量、无霜期均与种子、苗期性状无显著相关性;利用多性状综合评定方法,初步选出阜新王府、辽宁海城、内蒙古扎鲁特以及内蒙古奈曼4个适宜辽宁省阜新市彰武县育苗的优良种源。
In order to understand the variation of traits of seeds and seedlings of different provenances and their relationship with geographical and climatic factors,suitable sources for breeding were selected in Zhangwu County,Fuxin City,Liaoning Province,and the seed traits of 24 provenances of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge were determined and the seedling stage test was carried out. The results showed that there were obviously significant differences in phenotypic traits of seed and seedling of X. sorbifolium Bunge among different provenances. The repeatabilities of each trait was 60.1% and 98.2%,respectively,among which,the repeatability of seed width,seed thickness and seed length was higher than 95%. There was a significant positive correlation between seed width and ground diameter,and a very significant positive correlation among traits at seedling stage. There was a significant negative correlation between altitude and seed length,seed width and single grain weight,average annual sunshine hours and seed thickness and seedling height. Longitude,latitude,annual mean temperature,annual rainfall and frost free period were not significantly correlated with seed and seedling traits. Five excellent provenances of Wangfu Fuxin,Liaoning Haicheng,Inner Mongolia Wudan,Inner Mongolia Jarud Banner and Inner Mongolia Naiman were selected by multi-character comprehensive evaluation method.
In order to understand the variation of traits of seeds and seedlings of different provenances and their relationship with geographical and climatic factors,suitable sources for breeding were selected in Zhangwu County,Fuxin City,Liaoning Province,and the seed traits of 24 provenances of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge were determined and the seedling stage test was carried out. The results showed that there were obviously significant differences in phenotypic traits of seed and seedling of X. sorbifolium Bunge among different provenances. The repeatabilities of each trait was 60.1% and 98.2%,respectively,among which,the repeatability of seed width,seed thickness and seed length was higher than 95%. There was a significant positive correlation between seed width and ground diameter,and a very significant positive correlation among traits at seedling stage. There was a significant negative correlation between altitude and seed length,seed width and single grain weight,average annual sunshine hours and seed thickness and seedling height. Longitude,latitude,annual mean temperature,annual rainfall and frost free period were not significantly correlated with seed and seedling traits. Five excellent provenances of Wangfu Fuxin,Liaoning Haicheng,Inner Mongolia Wudan,Inner Mongolia Jarud Banner and Inner Mongolia Naiman were selected by multi-character comprehensive evaluation method.
引文
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[2]马新,姜继元,董鹏,等.不同植物生长调节剂处理对文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(4):104-107.
[3]牟洪香,于海燕,候新村.木本能源植物文冠果在我国的分布规律研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(9):3626-3628.
[4]尹丹丹,李珊珊,吴倩,等.我国6种主要木本油料作物的研究进展[J].植物学报,2018,53(1):110-125.
[5]张凌,刘晶晶,张芸香.山西省不同种源文冠果苗期生长性状研究[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(7):1080-1083.
[6]谢彩香,张琴,白光宇.木本能源植物文冠果的生态特征及区划[J].植物科学学报,2018,36(2):229-236.
[7]白雪,胡文忠,姜爱丽,等.文冠果种仁油开发和应用的研究进展[J].食品工业科技.2016,37(9):393-396,400.
[8]赵娜,张媛,李秋琦,等.文冠果FAD2的序列与功能分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(2):87-93.
[9] YU H Y,FAN S Q,BI Q X et al. Seed morphology,oil content and fatty acid composition variability assessment in yellow horn(Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge)germplasm for optimum biodiesel production[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2017,97(3):425-430.
[10]陈叶,湛欣,邓小梅,等.红椿不同种源种子性状的地理变异[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(5):52-57.
[11]高红霞,苏世平,李毅,等.红砂优良种源选择及其地理变异规律[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(2):356-363.
[12]马新,姜继元,朱耀军,等.19个文冠果种源在新疆的性状表现与聚类分析[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(11):121-124.
[13]张维胜,赵珊珊,张天祥,等.赤峰文冠果引种种源苗期初步选择研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(28):18-22.
[14]刘霞,孙冲,有详亮,等.文冠果苗期种源试验[J].西南林业大学学报,2013,33(6):51-55.
[15]张桂芹,刘跃杰,姜秀煜,等.蒙古栎种源生长性状的遗传变异及优良种源选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(4):5-7,36.
[16]史鸿飞,张劲峰,李勇鹏,等.西南桦地理种源生长差异及优良种源选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(10):9-11,35.
[17]向凤武,黄云峰,王志龙.吉林省东南部山区花曲柳苗期种源试验研究[J].华北大学学报(自然科学版),2002,3(3):255-258.
[18]林玮,周鹏,周祥斌,等.任豆种源种子性状地理变异研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(4):69-74.
[19]杨晓霞,冷平生,郑健,等.暴马丁香不同种源种子和幼苗的表型性状变异及其与地理-气候因子的相关性[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(3):80-89.
[20]范辉华,陈柳英,吴兴德,等.木荷苗期生长性状的地理种源变异[J].福建林业科技,2003,30(3):11-14.
[21]郑仁华,杨宗武,梁鸿燊,等.福建柏地理种源苗期试验的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2001,21(1):40-44.