毛细水对粉砂土路基边坡稳定性影响研究
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摘要
毛细水上升会引起路基含水率变化,进而影响路基边坡稳定性.因此,设计制作3个坡度变化的路基模型,填筑开封粉砂土,边坡采用未处理、硬化及绿化3种工况,进行毛细水上升实验,研究毛细水上升高度、速度,分析毛细水上升引起的土的含水率变化;建立有限元模型,分析不同工况时含水率对路基竖向位移的影响.实验表明:坡度1∶1.8路基毛细水上升高度最低,土的含水率最小;毛细水作用下,边坡硬化及绿化后土的含水率变大,而未处理边坡土的含水率最小.数值分析表明:路基竖向位移随着含水率的增大而增大;在含水率小于15%时坡度1∶1.8的路基竖向位移最小,在含水率大于18%时坡度1∶2的路基竖向位移最小.总之:毛细水对坡度1∶1.8的路基含水率影响较小,此时路基竖向变形最小.
The water ratio of subgrade changes with the capillary water rising,which will affect the stability of subgrade slope.Therefore,three types of subgrade models with different slopes were designed and constructed,which was filled with the silt soil from Kaifeng.Three kinds of working conditions,such as untreatment,hardening and greening,were set for the tests.The capillary water experiments were carried out to study the rising heights and speeds.Moreover,the variations of water contents caused by capillary water were discussed.The finite element model was established to analyze the influence of moisture content on the vertical displacement of subgrade in different working conditions.The experiment results show that the rising height of capillary water,in the subgrade with a gradient of 1∶1.8,is the lowest,and the water ratio of silt soil is minimal.Due to capillary water rise,the water ratios of soil in hardening and greening slope become larger,and those in untreatment are minimal.Numerical analysis shows that the vertical displacement of subgrade increases with the increase of water content.When the moisture content is less than 15%,the vertical displacement of the subgrade with a slope of 1∶1.8 is the minimum.However,when the water ratio is more than 18%,the vertical displacement of the subgrade with a gradient of 1∶2 is minimum.To sum up,the water ratio of the subgrade with a slope of 1∶1.8 is a little affected by the capillary water;meanwhile,the minimum vertical deformation of the subgrade is obtained.
The water ratio of subgrade changes with the capillary water rising,which will affect the stability of subgrade slope.Therefore,three types of subgrade models with different slopes were designed and constructed,which was filled with the silt soil from Kaifeng.Three kinds of working conditions,such as untreatment,hardening and greening,were set for the tests.The capillary water experiments were carried out to study the rising heights and speeds.Moreover,the variations of water contents caused by capillary water were discussed.The finite element model was established to analyze the influence of moisture content on the vertical displacement of subgrade in different working conditions.The experiment results show that the rising height of capillary water,in the subgrade with a gradient of 1∶1.8,is the lowest,and the water ratio of silt soil is minimal.Due to capillary water rise,the water ratios of soil in hardening and greening slope become larger,and those in untreatment are minimal.Numerical analysis shows that the vertical displacement of subgrade increases with the increase of water content.When the moisture content is less than 15%,the vertical displacement of the subgrade with a slope of 1∶1.8 is the minimum.However,when the water ratio is more than 18%,the vertical displacement of the subgrade with a gradient of 1∶2 is minimum.To sum up,the water ratio of the subgrade with a slope of 1∶1.8 is a little affected by the capillary water;meanwhile,the minimum vertical deformation of the subgrade is obtained.
引文
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[2]章求才,田亚坤,张志军,等.温度和气压对某金属矿山尾矿坝中毛细水上升规律的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2017,27(5):1016-1022.ZHANG Q C,TIAN Y K,ZHANG Z J,et al.Effect of temperature and air pressure on capillary water rising in tailings dam of a metal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2017,27(5):1016-1022.
[3]姚占勇,滕显飞,毕玉峰,等.黄泛区粉土路基次生盐渍化临界高度研究[J].公路交通科技,2016,33(11):57-62.YAO Z Y,TENG X F,BI Y F,et al.Study on critical height of secondary salinization of silt subgrade in yellow flooded area[J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,2016,33(11):57-62.
[4]周奇,陈太红,朱振南,等.黄土路基毛细水上升规律试验模拟研究[J].烟台大学学报(自然科学与工程版),2015,28(1):54-60.ZHOU Q,CHEN T H,ZHU Z N,et al.Study on the experimental simulation of capillary water rising law of loess subgrade[J].Journal of Yantai University(Natural Science and Engineering Edition),2015,28(1):54-60.
[5]落宇杰,马富丽,白晓红.压实黄土状粉土毛细特性试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(12):234-240.LUO Y J,MA F L,BAI X H.Experimental study on capillary characteristics of compacted loess like silt.[J].Science and Technology and Engineering,2017,17(12):234-240.
[6]袁玉卿,李伟,郭涛,等.豫东黄泛区粉砂土的水稳定性研究[J].河南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,45(2):235-238.YUAN Y Q,LI W,GUO T,et al.Study on water stability of silt in Yellow River flooded area of Eastern Henan[J].Journal of Henan University(Natural Science Edition),2015,45(2):235-238.
[7]袁玉卿,李伟,赵丽敏.豫东黄泛区粉砂土毛细水上升研究[J].公路交通科技,2016,33(2):33-38.YUAN Y Q,LI W,ZHAO L M.Study on the capillary water rising of silt in the flooded area of Eastern Henan[J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,2016,33(2):33-38.
[8]王圣麟.改性黄土中毛细水上升作用研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2015.WANG S L.Study on uplift of capillary water in modified loess[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2015.
[9]赵丽敏,袁玉卿,李伟,等.高地下水位粉砂土路基沉降数值模拟[J].河南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,44(4):490-494.ZHAO L M,YUAN Y Q,LI W,et al.Numerical simulation of silt subgrade settlement under high ground water level[J].Journal of Henan University(Natural Science Edition),2014,44(4):490-494.
[10]王彦.高速公路含砂低液限粘土路基结构研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2017.WANG Y.Study on the structure of sand containing low liquid limit clay roadbed in expressway[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2017.
[11]WESSOLEK G,BOHNE K,DUIJNISVELD W,et al.Development of hydro-pedotransfer functions to predict capillary rise and actual evapotranspiration for grassland sites[J].Journal of Hydrology,2011,49(1):429-437.
[12]吴定略,刘鑫,盛柯,等.路基沉降对边坡稳定性影响的数值分析[J].南京理工大学学报,2015,39(6):756-762.WU D L,LIU X,SHENG K,et al.Numerical analysis of the effect of subgrade settlement on slope stability[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology,2015,39(6):756-762.
[13]JTG E40-2007.公路土工试验规程[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.JTG E40-2007.Test Methods of Soils for Highway Engineering[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007.
[14]JTG D30-2015.公路路基设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2015.JTG D30-2015.Specifications for Design of Highway Subgrades[S].Beijing:China Communications Press Co Ltd,2015.
[15]JTG D50-2017.公路沥青路面设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2017.JTG D50-2017Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement[S].Beijing:China Communications Press Co Ltd,2017.
[16]JTG B01-2014.公路工程技术标准[S].北京:人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2014.JTG B01-2014.Technical Standard for Highway Engineering[S].Beijing:China Communications Press Co Ltd,2014.