球形化NTO晶体的制备及机械感度研究
|
摘要
用水与N—甲基—2—吡咯烷酮(NMP)作混合溶剂,添加表面活性剂聚乙烯醇等,通过升温和快速降温重结晶3—硝基—1, 2, 4—三唑—5—酮(NTO),得到球形化的NTO晶体。讨论了影响晶体形貌的因素,并通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射对NTO晶体进行了分析表征,测试了球形化制备前后的机械感度。结果表明:当w(聚乙烯醇)=0.001%～0.010%,降温速率不低于10℃/min时,可制备出表面光滑、晶形规则的球形化NTO晶体;球形化NTO晶体撞击感度和摩擦感度分别降低了20个百分点和8个百分点;特性落高提高了13.7 cm。
Using water and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) as co-solvent, recrystallization of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO) was fulfilled by addition of a surfactant. Spherical crystals were obtained by heating-up and rapid cooling. The factors affecting the crystal morphology are discussed, and both before and after spherical preparation, the mechanical sensitivity of NTO crystal were analyzed and characterized by SEM and XRD. The results showed that spherical NTO crystals with smooth surface and regular shape were prepared by adding 0.001%～0.01% surfactant of polyvinyl alcohol, the cooling rate of not less than10 ℃/min.The impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of the spherical NTO crystal decreased by 20% and8%, respectively, and high specificityincreased by a maximum of about 13.7 cm.
Using water and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) as co-solvent, recrystallization of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO) was fulfilled by addition of a surfactant. Spherical crystals were obtained by heating-up and rapid cooling. The factors affecting the crystal morphology are discussed, and both before and after spherical preparation, the mechanical sensitivity of NTO crystal were analyzed and characterized by SEM and XRD. The results showed that spherical NTO crystals with smooth surface and regular shape were prepared by adding 0.001%～0.01% surfactant of polyvinyl alcohol, the cooling rate of not less than10 ℃/min.The impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of the spherical NTO crystal decreased by 20% and8%, respectively, and high specificityincreased by a maximum of about 13.7 cm.
引文
[1]KIM K J,KIM M J,LEE J M,et al.Recrystallization of NTO crystals in batch cooling crystallizer[C]//The29th International annual conference of ICT.Karlsruhe,Germany,1988.
[2]李运芝,张景林,张树海,等.以NTO为主体的钝感炸药的性能及应用[J].中北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(5):442-447.
[3]LAMY P.Air senior national representative long term technology project on insensitive high explosives(IHEs)[C]//The 27th International Annual Conference of ICT.Karlsruhe,German,1996.
[4]LEE K Y,COBURN M D.3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazal-5-one,a less sensitive explosive:US4733610[P].1988-03-29.
[5]李加荣.3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑酮-5的一锅合成[J].北京理工大学学报,1998,18(4):518-519.
[6]KIM K J,KIM M J,LEE J M,et al.Experimental solubility and density for 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one+C1to C7 1-alkanols[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,1998,146(1/2):261-268.
[7]KIM K J,KIM M J,LEE J M,et al.Solubility,density and metastable sone width of the 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one+water system[J].Journal of Chemical&Engineering Data,1998,43(1):65-68.
[8]郁卫飞,聂福德,黄辉,等.类球形NTO的制备及其表征[J].含能材料,2005,13(增刊):4-6.
[9]薛其彬,黄辉,康彬,等.NTO晶体生长:从分形结构到立方结构[J].含能材料,2009,17(4):381-384.
[10]王敦举,张景林,王金英,等.反胶团微乳液制备纳米NTO的方法研究[J].火工品,2007(1):9-11.
[11]柴涛,张景林.丙酮重结晶超细化NTO的晶形及粒度控制研究[J].火工品,2007(4):10-12.
[12]王彩玲,赵省向.不同粒度AP的机械感度[J].火炸药学报,2006,29(6):27-29.
[13]张小宁,徐更光,徐军培,等.超细HMX和RDX撞击感度的研究[J].火炸药学报,1999(1):33-36.
[14]高大元,郑保辉,黄亨建,等.高聚物添加剂对B炸药撞击感度和作功能力的影响[J].含能材料,2017,25(4):326-332.
[2]李运芝,张景林,张树海,等.以NTO为主体的钝感炸药的性能及应用[J].中北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(5):442-447.
[3]LAMY P.Air senior national representative long term technology project on insensitive high explosives(IHEs)[C]//The 27th International Annual Conference of ICT.Karlsruhe,German,1996.
[4]LEE K Y,COBURN M D.3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazal-5-one,a less sensitive explosive:US4733610[P].1988-03-29.
[5]李加荣.3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑酮-5的一锅合成[J].北京理工大学学报,1998,18(4):518-519.
[6]KIM K J,KIM M J,LEE J M,et al.Experimental solubility and density for 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one+C1to C7 1-alkanols[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,1998,146(1/2):261-268.
[7]KIM K J,KIM M J,LEE J M,et al.Solubility,density and metastable sone width of the 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one+water system[J].Journal of Chemical&Engineering Data,1998,43(1):65-68.
[8]郁卫飞,聂福德,黄辉,等.类球形NTO的制备及其表征[J].含能材料,2005,13(增刊):4-6.
[9]薛其彬,黄辉,康彬,等.NTO晶体生长:从分形结构到立方结构[J].含能材料,2009,17(4):381-384.
[10]王敦举,张景林,王金英,等.反胶团微乳液制备纳米NTO的方法研究[J].火工品,2007(1):9-11.
[11]柴涛,张景林.丙酮重结晶超细化NTO的晶形及粒度控制研究[J].火工品,2007(4):10-12.
[12]王彩玲,赵省向.不同粒度AP的机械感度[J].火炸药学报,2006,29(6):27-29.
[13]张小宁,徐更光,徐军培,等.超细HMX和RDX撞击感度的研究[J].火炸药学报,1999(1):33-36.
[14]高大元,郑保辉,黄亨建,等.高聚物添加剂对B炸药撞击感度和作功能力的影响[J].含能材料,2017,25(4):326-332.