中朝口岸肺结核监测情况分析
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摘要
目的了解中朝口岸出入境人群肺结核患病情况,为口岸肺结核防控工作提供科学依据。方法整理汇总2012—2017年间中朝最大口岸丹东口岸出入境人员体检监测数据,统计分析全部肺结核阳性病例资料,包括符合肺结核监测标准的人员的流行病学调查、胸部X线、痰涂片和痰培养等检查结果,对监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2012—2017年总计监测出入境人员56 162人,检出肺结核97例,检出率为172.71/10万;中国籍30例、朝鲜籍67例,朝鲜籍人员肺结核检出率显著高于中国籍人员(P<0.01);其中男性39例、女性58例,中国籍男性肺结核检出率显著高于中国籍女性(P<0.01);朝鲜籍女性肺结核检出率显著高于朝鲜籍男性(P<0.01);中国籍检出率最高的人群为60岁以上组,患病率为14 285.71/10万,其次为41~<51岁组和21~<31岁组,患病率分别为1 090.91/10万和146.29/10万;朝鲜籍检出率最高的人群为51~60岁以上组,患病率为4 761.90/10万,其次为21~<31岁组和41~<51岁组,患病率分别为321.59/10万和234.07/10万;2015年是中国籍出入境人员肺结核检出率最高的年份,检出肺结核8例,检出率0.19%,近3年来中国籍肺结核检出率逐年下降;2017年是朝鲜籍肺结核检出人数最多的年份,检出19例,检出率为0.28%,近3年朝鲜籍肺结核检出数逐年上升;发现朝鲜籍劳务人员群体性肺结核3起,其中最多一起为5人患病。结论朝鲜籍入境劳务人群肺结核检出率高,且有逐年增高的趋势;劳务人群普遍缺乏肺结核防护知识,人群内部传播风险高,应加强对这部分人群的肺结核监测。
Objective To understand the pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) prevalence in entry-exit crowd at China-Democratic People's Republic of Korea(China-DPRK) port, so as to provide the evidence for TB prevention and control.Methods TB was surveyed by using the clinical examination, epidemiological investigation and chest X-ray examination among entry-exit crowd through the biggest China-DPRK port at Dandong City from 2012-2017, and the data were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 56 162 people were surveyed for pulmonary TB at Dandong port, 2012-2017, and 97 TB cases were found, with the general detection rate of 172.71/10~5; There were 30 cases of Chinese nationality and 67 cases of DPRK, and the detection rate of TB in the persons with DPRK nationality was significantly higher than that in the persons with Chinese nationality(χ~2=92.375, P<0.01). Among all the 97 TB patients, 39 were male and 58 were female. Among the 30 Chinese TB cases, the detection rate in the males was significantly higher than that in the females(χ~2=24.076, P<0.01); among the 67 DPRK TB cases, the detection rate in the females was significantly higher than that in the males(χ~2=61.368, P<0.01). In the Chinese population, the highest prevalence occurred in the over 60 years old group(14 285.71/10~5), followed by 21-30 years old group and 41-50 years old group with the prevalence of 167.39/10~5 and 146.29/10~5 respectively; in Korean population, the highest prevalence occurred in the 51-60 years old group with the prevalence rate of 4 761.90/10~5, followed by the 21-30 years old group and 41-50 years old group with the prevalence of 321.59/10~5 and 234.07/10~5 respectively. The year of 2015 was the year with the highest detection rate of pulmonary TB among the Chinese entry-exit workers, and 8 TB cases were found with the detection rate of 0.19%. In the past three years, the detection rate of TB in the population with Chinese nationality decreased year by year. The year of 2017 was the year with the highest detection rate of pulmonary TB among the DPRK travelers, and 19 cases were detected(0.28%). In the past three years, the detection number of TB cases and detection rate of TB in the population with DPRK nationality kept increasing year by year, and three mass tuberculosis infection events were recorded in DPRK labor workers, and one of which included 5 confirmed TB cases in the same working group.Conclusion The prevalence of pulmonary TB in DPRK immigrant labor population is high and it has an increasing trend.The labor force population generally lacks the knowledge of TB prevention, and the risk of TB transmission within the population is high. Therefore, the surveillance of pulmonary TB among these people should be strengthened.
Objective To understand the pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) prevalence in entry-exit crowd at China-Democratic People's Republic of Korea(China-DPRK) port, so as to provide the evidence for TB prevention and control.Methods TB was surveyed by using the clinical examination, epidemiological investigation and chest X-ray examination among entry-exit crowd through the biggest China-DPRK port at Dandong City from 2012-2017, and the data were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 56 162 people were surveyed for pulmonary TB at Dandong port, 2012-2017, and 97 TB cases were found, with the general detection rate of 172.71/10~5; There were 30 cases of Chinese nationality and 67 cases of DPRK, and the detection rate of TB in the persons with DPRK nationality was significantly higher than that in the persons with Chinese nationality(χ~2=92.375, P<0.01). Among all the 97 TB patients, 39 were male and 58 were female. Among the 30 Chinese TB cases, the detection rate in the males was significantly higher than that in the females(χ~2=24.076, P<0.01); among the 67 DPRK TB cases, the detection rate in the females was significantly higher than that in the males(χ~2=61.368, P<0.01). In the Chinese population, the highest prevalence occurred in the over 60 years old group(14 285.71/10~5), followed by 21-30 years old group and 41-50 years old group with the prevalence of 167.39/10~5 and 146.29/10~5 respectively; in Korean population, the highest prevalence occurred in the 51-60 years old group with the prevalence rate of 4 761.90/10~5, followed by the 21-30 years old group and 41-50 years old group with the prevalence of 321.59/10~5 and 234.07/10~5 respectively. The year of 2015 was the year with the highest detection rate of pulmonary TB among the Chinese entry-exit workers, and 8 TB cases were found with the detection rate of 0.19%. In the past three years, the detection rate of TB in the population with Chinese nationality decreased year by year. The year of 2017 was the year with the highest detection rate of pulmonary TB among the DPRK travelers, and 19 cases were detected(0.28%). In the past three years, the detection number of TB cases and detection rate of TB in the population with DPRK nationality kept increasing year by year, and three mass tuberculosis infection events were recorded in DPRK labor workers, and one of which included 5 confirmed TB cases in the same working group.Conclusion The prevalence of pulmonary TB in DPRK immigrant labor population is high and it has an increasing trend.The labor force population generally lacks the knowledge of TB prevention, and the risk of TB transmission within the population is high. Therefore, the surveillance of pulmonary TB among these people should be strengthened.
引文
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[11]LEE Y H,YOON S J,KIM Y A,et al.Overview of the burden of diseases in North Korea[J].Yebang Uihakhoe chi,2013,46(3):111-117.
[12]LEE H,AHN D Y,CHOI S,et al.The role of major donors in health aid to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea[J].Yebang Uihakhoe chi,2013,46(3):118-126.
[13]WHO.Bending the curve:ending TB[EB/OL].[2018-02-02].http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/254762/1/978929022584-eng.pdf?ua=1.
[14]WHO.The work of WHO in the Soth-east Asian;avalible from[EB/OL].[2018-02-02].http://www.searo.who.int/mediacentre/events/governance/rc/70/sea-rc70-2.pdf?ua=1&ua=1.
[15]黄文焰,刘开钳,陈伊,等.LAMP技术在基层结核病诊疗机构推广应用研究[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(12):1264-1266.
[2]喻国旗,雷明智,魏怡,等.2004-2015年中国大陆地区肺结核流行的时空分布特征[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(20):3649-3654.
[3]林常勇,陈朱.海南省三亚市1993-2015年肺结核流行特征分析[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(6):598-600.
[4]郑健.辽宁省辽阳市2010-2014年肺结核病疫情特征[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(3):309-311.
[5]郑健.一起一般级结核病突发公共卫生事件的调查与处置[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(2):184-185,189.
[6]孟炜丽,王芳华,王春梅,等.5起学校结核病聚集性疫情分析[J].中国热带医学,2018,18(2):176-178.
[7]毕秀欣.丹东口岸朝鲜籍入境人员传染病监测结果分析[J].中国热带医学,2009,9(11):2162.
[8]毕秀欣,李小宇.丹东国境口岸朝鲜劳务人群肺结核监测分析[J].口岸卫生控制,2014,19(6):36-37.
[9]滕艳霞,韩鹏宇,于春娇.2013-2015年丹东口岸入境人员传染病监测结果分析[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2017,40(5):352-354.
[10]KIM H W,KIM J S.Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Its Clinical Efficacy[J].Tuberc Respir Dis(Seoul),2018,81(1):6-12.
[11]LEE Y H,YOON S J,KIM Y A,et al.Overview of the burden of diseases in North Korea[J].Yebang Uihakhoe chi,2013,46(3):111-117.
[12]LEE H,AHN D Y,CHOI S,et al.The role of major donors in health aid to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea[J].Yebang Uihakhoe chi,2013,46(3):118-126.
[13]WHO.Bending the curve:ending TB[EB/OL].[2018-02-02].http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/254762/1/978929022584-eng.pdf?ua=1.
[14]WHO.The work of WHO in the Soth-east Asian;avalible from[EB/OL].[2018-02-02].http://www.searo.who.int/mediacentre/events/governance/rc/70/sea-rc70-2.pdf?ua=1&ua=1.
[15]黄文焰,刘开钳,陈伊,等.LAMP技术在基层结核病诊疗机构推广应用研究[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(12):1264-1266.