基于项目教学课程的研究生助教制度——代尔夫特理工大学航空航天学院的经验与启示
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摘要
为适应欧洲高等教育一体化发展战略和企业界对工程人才能力期望的变化,代尔夫特理工大学航空航天学院重构新学制、重新定义培养目标、开设项目教学课程。围绕项目教学的探索性、实践性和协作性等情境特征,该学院充分发挥研究生助教的优势,通过降低生师比、打造学习共同体,增强学生的学习主动性、专注度和组织效率,实现研究生和本科生的"双向"综合培养。探析该学院研究生助教制度的构建原则、岗位设置、培训课程、激励约束和评估优化机制等,对我国研究生助教制度发展具有借鉴意义。
引文
[1]段俊霞、潘建屯.研究生助教:如何能有效“教”与“学”[J].研究生教育研究,2013(2):56.
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[3]QS Worldwide University Rankings 2018[EB/OL].[2018-3-29].https://www.topuniversities.com/.
[4][5][15][16][17]Saunders-Smits G N,De Graaff E.The Development of Integrated Professional Skills in Aerospace Engineering Through Problembased Learning in Design Projects[C]//2003 ASEE Annual Conference&Exposition:Staying in Tune with Engineering Education,2003:3,4-6,2,6,7,8.
[6][10][11][13]Saunders-Smits G,Van den Bogaard M,Chiang Y C.Designing Training Sessions for TAs:Experiences in Aerospace Engineering at Delft University of Technology[C]//Frontiers in Education Conference,2009.FIE'09.39th IEEE,2009:1-6,1,2,3-5.
[7]Topping,K.J.The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring in Further and Higher Education:A Typology and Review of the Literature[J].Higher Education,1996(32):321-345.
[8]Budge,S.Peer Mentoring in Post-secondary Education:Implications for Research and Practice[J].Journal of College Reading and Learning,2006(37):73-87.
[9]Ramsay,S.,Jones,E.,Barker,M.Relationship Between Adjustment and Support Types:Young and Mature-aged Local and International First Year University Students[J].Higher Education,2007(54):247-265.
[12]Bogaard,M.E.D.van den.Tussentijdserapportage WO Sprint Project Rendement[R].TU Delft.Internal Report,2006:12,14.
[14][18]Andernach T,Saunders-Smits G N.The Use of Teaching Assistants in Project Based Learning at Aerospace Engineering[C]//Frontiers in Education Conference,36th Annual.IEEE,2006:11-14,14.
[2]De Graaff E,Ravesteijn W.Training Complete Engineers:Global Enterprise and Engineering Education[J].European Journal of Engineering Education,2001,26(4):419-427.
[3]QS Worldwide University Rankings 2018[EB/OL].[2018-3-29].https://www.topuniversities.com/.
[4][5][15][16][17]Saunders-Smits G N,De Graaff E.The Development of Integrated Professional Skills in Aerospace Engineering Through Problembased Learning in Design Projects[C]//2003 ASEE Annual Conference&Exposition:Staying in Tune with Engineering Education,2003:3,4-6,2,6,7,8.
[6][10][11][13]Saunders-Smits G,Van den Bogaard M,Chiang Y C.Designing Training Sessions for TAs:Experiences in Aerospace Engineering at Delft University of Technology[C]//Frontiers in Education Conference,2009.FIE'09.39th IEEE,2009:1-6,1,2,3-5.
[7]Topping,K.J.The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring in Further and Higher Education:A Typology and Review of the Literature[J].Higher Education,1996(32):321-345.
[8]Budge,S.Peer Mentoring in Post-secondary Education:Implications for Research and Practice[J].Journal of College Reading and Learning,2006(37):73-87.
[9]Ramsay,S.,Jones,E.,Barker,M.Relationship Between Adjustment and Support Types:Young and Mature-aged Local and International First Year University Students[J].Higher Education,2007(54):247-265.
[12]Bogaard,M.E.D.van den.Tussentijdserapportage WO Sprint Project Rendement[R].TU Delft.Internal Report,2006:12,14.
[14][18]Andernach T,Saunders-Smits G N.The Use of Teaching Assistants in Project Based Learning at Aerospace Engineering[C]//Frontiers in Education Conference,36th Annual.IEEE,2006:11-14,14.