毛泽东诗词英译中关于“天”的翻译研究
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摘要
研究毛泽东诗词的英译,不仅有益于欣赏毛泽东诗词的磅礴气势、恢弘意象,而且还有利于提高英语鉴赏水平及翻译水平。以关于"天"的翻译为语料,比较分析中外多个英译版本中对"天"的翻译,总结出毛泽东诗词中的大部分"天"及其含有"天"的词语主要有三层含义:天空、自然、天公。"天"的含义不同,译法也应各异。通过评论这些翻译,同时提出个人观点:将"天空"之"天"翻译成sky较达意;将"自然"之"天"翻译成nature较贴切;将"天公"之"天"翻译成heaven较传神。另有少数含有"天"字的词语,需联系上下文,遵照"最大限度再现诗人所创设的意境"这一原则进行翻译。
The study of English versions of Poems of Mao Zedong is not only highly beneficial to our aesthetic appreciation of the tremendous momentum and magnificent scene but also to our appreciation of the English language and to translate Chinese into English. By means of comparing and analyzing a variety of translation versions, w e draw the follow ing conclusion: M ost of the Chinese character"Tian"in the poems of Mao Zedong can be used to convey three different implications,and their translations are supposed to vary according to the various meanings. The authors commented on these translation versions,and put forw ard their ow n opinions: When it refers to "Tiankong ",it is mostly translated as "sky "; w hen it refers to "Ziran",it is rendered into "nature"; w hen it implies the sense of "Tiangong ",it is usually transformed into "heaven". There are also a very few Chinese character "Tian " in the poems of M ao Zedong should be translated according to the context,conforming to the principle of maximally reproducing the artistic conception of the original poem.
The study of English versions of Poems of Mao Zedong is not only highly beneficial to our aesthetic appreciation of the tremendous momentum and magnificent scene but also to our appreciation of the English language and to translate Chinese into English. By means of comparing and analyzing a variety of translation versions, w e draw the follow ing conclusion: M ost of the Chinese character"Tian"in the poems of Mao Zedong can be used to convey three different implications,and their translations are supposed to vary according to the various meanings. The authors commented on these translation versions,and put forw ard their ow n opinions: When it refers to "Tiankong ",it is mostly translated as "sky "; w hen it refers to "Ziran",it is rendered into "nature"; w hen it implies the sense of "Tiangong ",it is usually transformed into "heaven". There are also a very few Chinese character "Tian " in the poems of M ao Zedong should be translated according to the context,conforming to the principle of maximally reproducing the artistic conception of the original poem.
引文
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[2]《毛泽东诗词》翻译组.毛泽东诗词(汉英对照)[M].北京:外文出版社,2003.
[3]许渊冲.精选毛泽东诗词与诗意画(英汉对照)[M].北京:五洲传播出版社,2006.
[4]黄龙.毛泽东诗词英译[M].南京:江苏教育出版社,1993.
[5]辜正坤.毛泽东诗词:英汉对照韵译[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1995.
[6]李正栓.毛泽东诗词精选(汉英对照读本)[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,2010.
[7]张智中.毛泽东诗词英译比较研究[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2008:228.
[8]Wang H M.Ten Poems and Lyrics by Mao Tze-tung[M].London:Jonathan Cape Ltd.,1975.
[9]Engle H L,Engle P.Poems of Mao Tse-tung[M].New York:Simon and Schuster,1972.
[10]Bullock M,Chen J.Mao and the Chinese Revolution:With Thirty-seven Poems by M ao Tse-tung[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1967.
[11]赵恒元,Woods P.毛泽东诗词(英汉对照)[M].天津:天津人民出版,1993.
[12]周流溪.流溪诗外编[M].香港:华人出版社有限公司,2003.
[13]赵甄陶.汉英对照毛泽东诗词[M].长沙:湖南师范大学出版社,1992.
[14]Mao Z D.The Poems of Mao Tse-tung[M].Translated by Barnstone W,Ko C P.New York:Harper&Row Publishers Inc.,1972.