毫秒激光打孔时熔融物喷溅实验与数值研究
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摘要
针对毫秒激光打孔中物质的气化和喷溅过程进行了实验和数值研究。首先通过高速摄影技术得到气化和喷溅过程出现时间及熔融物喷溅轨迹。进而基于流体力学理论,利用有限元法建立毫秒激光打孔的计算模型,模拟熔融物喷溅过程。实验结果表明,随着激光能量增加,喷溅颗粒轨迹更多地集中于材料表面的法线方向,喷溅持续时间增加。喷溅速度逐渐增加至10 m/s量级,之后由于熔融物比重降低则逐渐趋于饱和。数值模拟结果与实验基本一致,小孔深度的增加造成了喷溅速度降低。
This paper makes an experimental and numerical study of the evaporation and ejection process during millisecond laser drilling. The high speed camera is used to capture the trajectory of droplets occuring in the evaporation and ejection process. Furthermore,the finite element method is used to establish the model of millisecond laser drilling,based on the theory of fluid. The experimental results show that with the increase of laser energy,the move droplets deposit along the normal line of the workpiece and with lasting-time of the ejection,its velocity comes up to 10 m/s,then with the decrease of the ratio of melting portion,it gradually tends to saturation. The experimental result agrees with the numerical result. The ejection velocity decreases with the increase of hole depth.
This paper makes an experimental and numerical study of the evaporation and ejection process during millisecond laser drilling. The high speed camera is used to capture the trajectory of droplets occuring in the evaporation and ejection process. Furthermore,the finite element method is used to establish the model of millisecond laser drilling,based on the theory of fluid. The experimental results show that with the increase of laser energy,the move droplets deposit along the normal line of the workpiece and with lasting-time of the ejection,its velocity comes up to 10 m/s,then with the decrease of the ratio of melting portion,it gradually tends to saturation. The experimental result agrees with the numerical result. The ejection velocity decreases with the increase of hole depth.
引文
[1]孙承纬,陆启生,范正修,等.激光辐照效应[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[2]Zhang Nan,Zhu Xiaonong,Yang Jianjun,et al. Time-resolved shadowgraphs of material ejection in intense femtosecond laser ablation of aluminum[J]. Physical Review Letters,2007,99(16):167602.
[3]K.T. Voisey,S.S. Kudesia,W.S.O. Rodden,et al. Melt ejection during laser drilling of metals[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2003,356:414-424.
[4]K.T. Voisey,T. Klocker,T.W. Clyne. Mearsurement of melt ejection velocities during Laser drilling of steel,sing a novel droplet stream interception technique[J]. Acta Materialia,2002,50:4219-4230.
[5]赵东方,苏心智,江东,等.长脉冲激光辐照下金属材料靶熔融和汽化过程的模拟计算[J].激光杂志,2007(3):79-80.
[6] C.L. Chan,J.Mazumder. One-dimensional steady-state model for damage by vaporization and liquid expulsion due to laser-material interaction[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,1997,62(11):4579-4586.
[7]徐立君,张喜和,倪晓武,等.不同光斑半径的连续激光作用金属材料的温度场[J].红外与激光工程,2007(1):632-635.
[8] G.K.L. Ng,P.L. Crouse,L. Li. An analytical model for laser drilling incorporating effects of exothermic reaction,pulse width and holegeometry[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49:1358-1374.
[9]臧彦楠,倪晓武.毫秒激光致铝熔融液体准稳态喷溅的模型[J].光电子·激光,2015(9):1835-1842.
[10] Park K W,Na S J. Theoretical investigations on multiple-reflection and Rayleighabsorption-emission-scattering effects in laser drilling[J]. Applied Surface Science,2010,256(8):2392-2399.
[11]Zhang Y,Shen Z,Ni X. Modeling and simulation on long pulse laser drillingprocessing[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,73:429-437.
[12] Shin J,Mazumder J. Numerical and experimental study on the effect of the pulse format in laser drilling[J]. Journal of Laser Applications,2016,28(1):1200-1208.
[13]Shen H,Feng D,Yao Z. Modeling ofunderwater laser drilling of alumina[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2017,139(4):41008.
[14] Schneider M,Berthe L,Fabbro R,et al.Gas investigation for laser drilling[J]. Journal of Laser Applications,2007,19(3):165-169.
[2]Zhang Nan,Zhu Xiaonong,Yang Jianjun,et al. Time-resolved shadowgraphs of material ejection in intense femtosecond laser ablation of aluminum[J]. Physical Review Letters,2007,99(16):167602.
[3]K.T. Voisey,S.S. Kudesia,W.S.O. Rodden,et al. Melt ejection during laser drilling of metals[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2003,356:414-424.
[4]K.T. Voisey,T. Klocker,T.W. Clyne. Mearsurement of melt ejection velocities during Laser drilling of steel,sing a novel droplet stream interception technique[J]. Acta Materialia,2002,50:4219-4230.
[5]赵东方,苏心智,江东,等.长脉冲激光辐照下金属材料靶熔融和汽化过程的模拟计算[J].激光杂志,2007(3):79-80.
[6] C.L. Chan,J.Mazumder. One-dimensional steady-state model for damage by vaporization and liquid expulsion due to laser-material interaction[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,1997,62(11):4579-4586.
[7]徐立君,张喜和,倪晓武,等.不同光斑半径的连续激光作用金属材料的温度场[J].红外与激光工程,2007(1):632-635.
[8] G.K.L. Ng,P.L. Crouse,L. Li. An analytical model for laser drilling incorporating effects of exothermic reaction,pulse width and holegeometry[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49:1358-1374.
[9]臧彦楠,倪晓武.毫秒激光致铝熔融液体准稳态喷溅的模型[J].光电子·激光,2015(9):1835-1842.
[10] Park K W,Na S J. Theoretical investigations on multiple-reflection and Rayleighabsorption-emission-scattering effects in laser drilling[J]. Applied Surface Science,2010,256(8):2392-2399.
[11]Zhang Y,Shen Z,Ni X. Modeling and simulation on long pulse laser drillingprocessing[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,73:429-437.
[12] Shin J,Mazumder J. Numerical and experimental study on the effect of the pulse format in laser drilling[J]. Journal of Laser Applications,2016,28(1):1200-1208.
[13]Shen H,Feng D,Yao Z. Modeling ofunderwater laser drilling of alumina[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2017,139(4):41008.
[14] Schneider M,Berthe L,Fabbro R,et al.Gas investigation for laser drilling[J]. Journal of Laser Applications,2007,19(3):165-169.