傅立叶变换型线偏振干涉成像系统分析与设计
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摘要
为满足中波红外高空间分辨率偏振干涉测量需求,本文提出一种基于微型静态干涉原理的中波红外线偏振干涉成像系统。该系统不含狭缝,具有信息量多,光通量大等优点。介绍了线偏振干涉成像系统的工作原理,采用近轴光学理论计算了初始结构参数,进行了系统优化设计。分析了入射光分别为完全非偏振光和线偏振光时系统的透过率,给出了系统所能探测的最小辐射强度。为了降低探测器强度的随机波动对偏振测量的影响,采用等权重方差优化了系统的偏振测量矩阵,并通过数值仿真验证了方法的正确性。最后,分析了偏振片的旋转误差对偏振测量的影响,给出了偏振探测精度为2%时的偏振片旋转公差容限。设计结果表明:傅立叶变换型线偏振干涉成像系统成像质量良好,在探测器的特征频率17 lp/mm处,各视场的调制传递函数值均大于0. 6,满足系统的使用需求。
In order to achieve high spatial resolution polarization interferometry in the infrared wave band,a novel polarization interference imaging system based on micro-static interference systems is proposed in this paper. The system does not contain slits and has the advantage of having a large luminous flux. This paper introduces the principles of a linear polarization interference imaging system,calculates its initial structure parameters by using the Paraxial optics theory and optimizes the system's design. When the incident light is completely non-polarized and polarized,the transmission rate of the system is analyzed and the minimum weak radiation detected by the system is obtained. In order to further improve the system' s performance and reduce the effect of random fluctuations in detector intensity on polarization measurements,the polarization measurement matrix of the system is optimized by using equal weight variance and the correctness of the method is verified by numerical simulation. Finally,the influence of the Polarizer's rotation error on the polarization measurement is analyzed,and the tolerance of polarizer is given in order to satisfy the polarization detection accuracy of 2%.The design results show that the imaging quality of the Fourier transform line polarization interference imaging system is good and that the modulation transfer function value of each field is greater than 0. 6 in the characteristic frequency 17 lp/mm of the detector,which meets the usage requirements of the system.
In order to achieve high spatial resolution polarization interferometry in the infrared wave band,a novel polarization interference imaging system based on micro-static interference systems is proposed in this paper. The system does not contain slits and has the advantage of having a large luminous flux. This paper introduces the principles of a linear polarization interference imaging system,calculates its initial structure parameters by using the Paraxial optics theory and optimizes the system's design. When the incident light is completely non-polarized and polarized,the transmission rate of the system is analyzed and the minimum weak radiation detected by the system is obtained. In order to further improve the system' s performance and reduce the effect of random fluctuations in detector intensity on polarization measurements,the polarization measurement matrix of the system is optimized by using equal weight variance and the correctness of the method is verified by numerical simulation. Finally,the influence of the Polarizer's rotation error on the polarization measurement is analyzed,and the tolerance of polarizer is given in order to satisfy the polarization detection accuracy of 2%.The design results show that the imaging quality of the Fourier transform line polarization interference imaging system is good and that the modulation transfer function value of each field is greater than 0. 6 in the characteristic frequency 17 lp/mm of the detector,which meets the usage requirements of the system.
引文
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[21]OKA K,KANEKO T.Compact complete imaging polarimeter using birefringent wedge prisms[J].Optics Express,2003,11(13):1510-1519.
[22]TYO J S,TURNER T S.Variable-retardance,Fourier-transform imaging spectropolarimeters for visible spectrum remote sensing[J].Applied Optics,2001,40(9):1450-1458.
[23]LI J,ZHU J P,WU H Y.Compact static Fourier transform imaging spectropolarimeter based on channeled polarimetry[J].Optics Letters,2010,35(22):3784-3786.
[24]权乃承,张淳民,穆廷魁.基于孔径分割与视场分割的通道型成像光谱偏振技术[J].物理学报,2016,65(8):76-83.QUAN N CH,ZHANG CH M,MU T K.Channeled spectropolarimetry based on division of aperture and field of view[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2016,65(8):76-83.(in Chinese)
[25]AMBIRAJAN A,LOOK D C.Optimum angles for a polarimeter:part I[J].Optical Engineering,1995,34(6):1651-1655.
[26]SABATKE D S,DESCOUR M R,DERENIAK E L,et al..Optimization of retardance for a complete Stokes polarimeter[J].Optics Letters,2000,25(11):802-804.
[2]ZHANG CH M,BING X L,ZHANG B CH,et al..A static polarization imaging spectrometer based on a Savart polariscope[J].Optics Communications,2002,203(1-3):21-26.
[3]NI J CH,WANG CH W,ZHANG CH CH,et al..Three-dimensional chiral microstructures fabricated by structured optical vortices in isotropic material[J].Light Science&Applications,2017,6(7),e17011.
[4]ZHANG CH M,ZHAO B CH,XIANG L B.Wide-field-of-view polarization interference imaging spectrometer[J].Applied Optics,2004,43(33):6090-6094.
[5]安岩,孙强,刘英,等.交叉型消像散Czerny-Turner结构光谱仪设计[J].中国光学,2012,5(5):470-475.AN Y,SUN Q,LIU Y,et al..Design of astigmatism-free crossed Czerny-Turner spectrometer[J].Chinese Optics,2012,5(5):470-475.(in Chinese)
[6]李淑军,姜会林,朱京平,等.偏振成像探测技术发展现状及关键技术[J].中国光学,2013,6(6):803-809.LI SH J,JIANG H L,ZHU J P,et al..Development status and key technologies of polarization imaging detection[J].Chinese Optics,2013,6(6):803-809.(in Chinese)
[7]彭志红,张淳民,赵葆常,等.新型偏振干涉成像光谱仪中Savart偏光镜透射率的研究[J].物理学报,2006,55(12):6374-6381.PENG ZH H,ZHANG CH M,ZHAO B CH,et al..The transmittance of Savart polariscope in polarization interference imaging spectrometer[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2006,55(12):6374-6381.(in Chinese)
[8]邓元龙,李学金,耿优福,等.非偏振分光镜对干涉式椭偏仪测量精度的影响[J].光学精密工程,2012,20(11):2373-2379.DENG Y L,LI X J,GENG Y F,et al..Influence of nonpolarizing beam splitters on measurement accuracy in interferometric ellipsometers[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2012,20(11):2373-2379.(in Chinese)
[9]宣斌,宋淑梅.偏振正交性对偏振相移干涉检测精度的影响[J].光学精密工程,2013,21(12):3001-3007.XUAN B,SONG SH M.Influence of polarization direction orthogonality on precision of polarization phase shifting interferometry[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2013,21(12):3001-3007.(in Chinese)
[10]孙尧,张淳民,杜娟,等.一种基于新型偏振干涉成像光谱仪的目标偏振信息探测新方法[J].物理学报,2010,59(6):3863-3870.SUN Y,ZHANG CH M,DU J,et al..A new method of polarization measurement based on the novel polarization interference imaging spectrometer[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(6):3863-3870.(in Chinese)
[11]TYO J S.Noise equalization in Stokes parameter images obtained by use of variable-retardance polarimeters[J].Optics Letters,2000,25(16):1198-1200.
[12]DEBRUS S.Speckle shearing interferometer using a Savart plate[J].Optics Communications,1977,20(2):257-261.
[13]MENG X,LI J X,XU T T,et al..High throughput full Stokes Fourier transform imaging spectropolarimetry[J].Optics Express,2013,21(26):32071-32085.
[14]YAN M,LUO P L,IWAKUNI K,et al..Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with electro-optic modulators[J].Light Science&Applications,2017,6(10):e17076.
[15]PUST N J,DAHLBERG A R,THOMAS M J,et al..Comparison of full-sky polarization and radiance observations to radiative transfer simulations which employ AERONET products[J].Optics Express,2011,19(19):18602-18613.
[16]SNIK F,KARALIDI T,KELLER C U.Spectral modulation for full linear polarimetry[J].Applied Optics,2009,48(7):1337-1346.
[17]JONES SH,IANNARILLI F J,KEBABIAN P L.Realization of quantitative-grade fieldable snapshot imaging spectropolarimeter[J].Optics Express,2004,12(26):6559-6573.
[18]GLENAR D A,HILLMAN J J,SAIF B,et al..Acousto-optic imaging spectropolarimetry for remote sensing[J].Applied Optics,1994,33(31):7412-7424.
[19]ELSABA A M,ABUSHAGUR M A G.Dynamic acousto-optic photopolarimeter/spectrophoto polarimeter[J].Optical Engineering,1999,38(7):1166-1169.
[20]OKA K,KATO T.Spectroscopic polarimetry with a channeled spectrum[J].Optics Letters,1999,24(21):1475-1477.
[21]OKA K,KANEKO T.Compact complete imaging polarimeter using birefringent wedge prisms[J].Optics Express,2003,11(13):1510-1519.
[22]TYO J S,TURNER T S.Variable-retardance,Fourier-transform imaging spectropolarimeters for visible spectrum remote sensing[J].Applied Optics,2001,40(9):1450-1458.
[23]LI J,ZHU J P,WU H Y.Compact static Fourier transform imaging spectropolarimeter based on channeled polarimetry[J].Optics Letters,2010,35(22):3784-3786.
[24]权乃承,张淳民,穆廷魁.基于孔径分割与视场分割的通道型成像光谱偏振技术[J].物理学报,2016,65(8):76-83.QUAN N CH,ZHANG CH M,MU T K.Channeled spectropolarimetry based on division of aperture and field of view[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2016,65(8):76-83.(in Chinese)
[25]AMBIRAJAN A,LOOK D C.Optimum angles for a polarimeter:part I[J].Optical Engineering,1995,34(6):1651-1655.
[26]SABATKE D S,DESCOUR M R,DERENIAK E L,et al..Optimization of retardance for a complete Stokes polarimeter[J].Optics Letters,2000,25(11):802-804.