萨特情境剧《间隔》的存在主义表征
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摘要
让·保罗·萨特的情境剧《间隔》以极限的情境——地狱、极限人——前世作恶、死后下地狱的鬼魂,他们沦陷于他人的目光和过去的窠臼,任梦魇继续主宰,共处一室却相互倾轧,共生却互斥,互斥却不逃离,来阐述萨特存在主义哲学的要义,实施其文学介入社会的主张,批判二战时期精神瘫痪的法国人的消极选择,从而开出治疗药方:想改变就要付诸果敢行动。
In Jean Paul Sartre's situational drama No Exit, the special situation—the hell and the special man—ghosts in hell, once evils in the earthly life, are adopted. They fall into the trap of others' view and the embarrassment of the past like being in a nightmare where they are dominated, still destroying each other although they are in the same room. The playwright's hidden criticism emerges of the French mentally paralyzed people's negative choices in the World War Ⅱ, thus perfect interpretation of Sartre's existential philosophy and literature's intervention into society, putting forward the treatment prescriptions: act with all the courage.
In Jean Paul Sartre's situational drama No Exit, the special situation—the hell and the special man—ghosts in hell, once evils in the earthly life, are adopted. They fall into the trap of others' view and the embarrassment of the past like being in a nightmare where they are dominated, still destroying each other although they are in the same room. The playwright's hidden criticism emerges of the French mentally paralyzed people's negative choices in the World War Ⅱ, thus perfect interpretation of Sartre's existential philosophy and literature's intervention into society, putting forward the treatment prescriptions: act with all the courage.
引文
[1]让·保罗·萨特.萨特谈“萨特戏剧”·萨特戏剧集[M].沈志明,译.北京:人民文学出版社,1985:975.
[2]让·保罗·萨特.间隔[EB/OL].(2013 10 30)[2018 0809].https://www.douban.com/group/topic/45385514/.
[3]柳鸣九.为什么要萨特[M].北京:金城出版社,2012.
[4]让·保罗·萨特.存在与虚无[M].陈宣良,译.合肥:安徽文艺出版社,1998.
[5]余志平.“梅杜萨之眼”---从《禁闭》看萨特的哲学视界[J].上海大学学报(社会科学版),2001(8):41.
[6]让·保罗·萨特.存在主义是一种人道主义[M].周煦良,汤永宽,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2014:6 9.
[7]让·保罗·萨特.自我的超越性---种现象学描述初探[M].杜小真,译.北京:商务印书馆,2010:20.
[2]让·保罗·萨特.间隔[EB/OL].(2013 10 30)[2018 0809].https://www.douban.com/group/topic/45385514/.
[3]柳鸣九.为什么要萨特[M].北京:金城出版社,2012.
[4]让·保罗·萨特.存在与虚无[M].陈宣良,译.合肥:安徽文艺出版社,1998.
[5]余志平.“梅杜萨之眼”---从《禁闭》看萨特的哲学视界[J].上海大学学报(社会科学版),2001(8):41.
[6]让·保罗·萨特.存在主义是一种人道主义[M].周煦良,汤永宽,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2014:6 9.
[7]让·保罗·萨特.自我的超越性---种现象学描述初探[M].杜小真,译.北京:商务印书馆,2010:20.