磨料属性影响高压磨料气体射流破岩效果的理论及实验研究
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摘要
为明确磨料粒径、密度和速度对磨料气体射流冲蚀率的综合影响规律,采用数值计算方法分析了磨料粒径、磨料密度、气体压力与磨料速度的耦合关系,确定了磨料速度的计算方程;在此基础上,基于弹塑性压痕断裂理论,建立了考虑时间因素的磨料射流冲蚀磨损率的理论计算模型,并利用高压磨料气体射流破岩实验结果对其进行了修正。研究结果表明,在固定气体压力条件下,冲蚀率随磨料粒径、密度的增加先增加后减小;粒径相较于密度对冲蚀率影响更为显著;在气体压力为20 MPa时,常用的磨料种类和粒径中80目石榴石为最优磨料;修正的磨料气体射流冲蚀理论模型数学形式简单,综合考虑了磨料的能量转化效率和磨料的破碎对冲蚀率的影响,与实验结果具有较好的一致性。
In order to clarify the influence of grain size,density and velocity of abrasive material on the erosion rate of abrasive gas jet,the coupling relationship of abrasive particle size,density and gas pressure to abrasive velocity were determined by Fluent numerical analysis,and the abrasive velocity calculation model was established by calculating the equation.Based on the calculation model of abrasive velocity and the theory of elastic-plastic indentation fracture,a single abrasive erosion volume calculation model and the calculation model of abrasive jet erosion wear rate considering the time factor were established.By comparing and analyzing the results of high pressure abrasive gas jet rocking experiment and the theoretical calculation result,the model has been modified. Combined with the theoretical analysis and experimental results,under the condition of fixed gas pressure,the erosion rate increases and then decreases with the increases of particle size and density.The effect of particle size on the erosion rate is more significant than that of the density.When the gas pressure is 20 MPa,the 80 mesh garnet is the optimal abrasive in common use of abrasive typesand particle sizes. The model of corrected erosion rate calculated is simple and with the consideration of the energy conversion efficiency of abrasive and the effects of breakage of abrasive model on erosion rate calculation. The model and experimental results have good consistency and can guide the engineering practice of high pressure abrasive jet.
In order to clarify the influence of grain size,density and velocity of abrasive material on the erosion rate of abrasive gas jet,the coupling relationship of abrasive particle size,density and gas pressure to abrasive velocity were determined by Fluent numerical analysis,and the abrasive velocity calculation model was established by calculating the equation.Based on the calculation model of abrasive velocity and the theory of elastic-plastic indentation fracture,a single abrasive erosion volume calculation model and the calculation model of abrasive jet erosion wear rate considering the time factor were established.By comparing and analyzing the results of high pressure abrasive gas jet rocking experiment and the theoretical calculation result,the model has been modified. Combined with the theoretical analysis and experimental results,under the condition of fixed gas pressure,the erosion rate increases and then decreases with the increases of particle size and density.The effect of particle size on the erosion rate is more significant than that of the density.When the gas pressure is 20 MPa,the 80 mesh garnet is the optimal abrasive in common use of abrasive typesand particle sizes. The model of corrected erosion rate calculated is simple and with the consideration of the energy conversion efficiency of abrasive and the effects of breakage of abrasive model on erosion rate calculation. The model and experimental results have good consistency and can guide the engineering practice of high pressure abrasive jet.
引文
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[2]刘勇,何岸,魏建平,等.高压气体射流破煤应力波效应分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1694-1700.LIU Yong,HE An,WEI Jianping,et al.Analysis of stress wave effect during coal breakage process by high pressure gas jet[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1694-1700.
[3]张绍千,安立周,谭业发,等.碳化硅陶瓷冲蚀磨损行为与机理[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,6(2):176-180.ZHANG Shaoqian,AN Lizhou,TAN Yefa,et al.Erosion behavior and mechanism of silicon carbide ceramics[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2005,6(2):176-180.
[4]廉晓庆,蒋明学,白顶有.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的磨料冲击行为分析[J].硅酸盐通报,2010,29(2):409-412.LIAN Xiaoqing,JIANG Mingxue,BAI Dingyou.Analysis of impacting behavior of abrasive particles based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,29(2):409-412.
[5]JENG C.Erosion damage and surface residual stress of Cr3C2/Al2O3composite[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2003,78(1):278-287.
[6]王瑞和,李罗鹏,周卫东,等.磨料射流旋转切割套管试验及工程计算模型[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(2):56-61.WANG Ruihe,LI Luopeng,ZHOU Weidong,et al.Experiment and mathematical model of rotary cutting of casing with abrasive water jet[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(2):56-61.
[7]刘阳,刘荣华,李曙,等.新型Si C复合陶瓷的耐冲蚀性能[J].材料研究学报,2006,20(6):657-665.LIU Yang,LIU Ronghua,LI Shu,et al.Erosion resistant behavior of new Si C reinforced ceramic[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2006,20(6):657-665.
[8]郭源君,肖华林,高永毅,等.UHMWPE/纳米Si O2弹性复合材料的粒子流冲蚀特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(10):122-125.GUO Yuanjun,XIAO Hualin,GAO Yongyi,et al.Erosion properties of UHMWPE/nano-Si O2composite materials[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(10):122-125.
[9]MBABAZI J G,SHEER T J,SHANDU R.A model to predict erosion on mild steel surfaces impacted by boiler fly ash particles[J].Wear,2004,257(5):612-624.
[10]汤积仁,卢义玉,孙惠娟,等.基于CT方法的磨料射流冲蚀损伤岩石特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016(2):297-302.TANG Jiren,LU Yiyu,SUN Huijuan,et al.Study of erosion and damage characteristics of rock by abrasive water jet using CT[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016(2):297-302.
[11]杨道业,施源,徐锌锋.基于双截面ECT的气/固两相流参数检测系统[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(9):1968-1974.YANG Daoye,SHI Yuan,XU Xinfeng.Parameter measurement system for gas/solid two phase flow based on twin-plane electrical capacitance tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(9):1968-1974.
[12]温志辉,梁博臣,刘笑天.磨料特性对磨料气体射流破煤影响的实验研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(5):103-107.WEN Zhihui,LIANG Bochen,LIU Xiaotian.Experimental study on influence of abrasive characteristics on coal breaking by abrasive gas jet[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(5):103-107.
[13]马璐,刘炳.不同冲蚀速度下过共晶Al-Mn合金及复合材料冲蚀磨损性能的研究[J].铸造,2013,62(6):496-499.MA Lu,LIU Bing.Study on erosion wear of hypereutectic Al-Mn alloy and composite materials with different erosion speed[J].Foundry,2013,62(6):496-499.
[14]董星,王瑞红,段雄.前混合水射流临界喷丸压力的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(4):462-466.DONG Xing,WANG Ruihong,DUAN Xing.Study of premixed water jet critical shot peening pressure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(4):462-466.
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