顶板预裂爆破技术在工作面初采期瓦斯治理中的应用
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摘要
高瓦斯煤矿坚硬顶板大面积垮落过程会引起大量瓦斯骤然涌出,必然导致工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚和回风流瓦斯浓度超限。为研究顶板预裂爆破技术在工作面初采期瓦斯治理中的效果,以余吾煤业S5202综放工作面为背景,分析了坚硬顶板大面积垮落所造成的上隅角瓦斯积聚和瓦斯浓度超限原因,设计优化炮孔的布置参数及其爆破的时间和方式,顶板预裂爆破技术实施后绘制工作面的走向和倾向压力分布曲线。研究结果表明:顶板预裂爆破实施后,坚硬顶板及时垮落,形成垮落裂隙,预裂裂隙及时连通高抽巷,在工作面推进过程中,本煤层和邻近层卸压瓦斯被高抽巷抽走,初采期瓦斯涌出量大为减少,瓦斯治理效果明显,未出现上隅角瓦斯积聚和回风流瓦斯浓度超限等现象。
The hard roof caved in extensively of a coal mine with a high content of gas will cause a large quantity of gas to gush out suddenly,it will inevitably lead to gas accumulation in the upper corner of the working face and gas content over limit in the return air flow. In order to study the effect of roof pre-cracking technology on gas control in the initial mining stage on working face,taking S5202 fully mechanized working face of Yuwu Coal Industry as the background,analyze the reasons of gas accumulation and gas content over limit in the upper corner caused by the hard roof caved in extensively,the layout of blasting hole and blasting time and mode were optimized,after the implementation of roof pre-cracking technology,the trend and dip pressure distribution curves of the working face were drawn. The results show that after the roof pre-cracking,the hard roof will collapse as soon as possible to form a caving crack,the mining and pre-split cracks will connect the high drainage roadway in time. In the process of working face advance,the pressure relief gas of this coal seam and adjacent strata is drained by the high drainage roadway,gas emission is greatly reduced in the initial mining stage,and gas control effect is obvious. There is no gas accumulation in the upper corner or gas content over limit in the return air flow.
The hard roof caved in extensively of a coal mine with a high content of gas will cause a large quantity of gas to gush out suddenly,it will inevitably lead to gas accumulation in the upper corner of the working face and gas content over limit in the return air flow. In order to study the effect of roof pre-cracking technology on gas control in the initial mining stage on working face,taking S5202 fully mechanized working face of Yuwu Coal Industry as the background,analyze the reasons of gas accumulation and gas content over limit in the upper corner caused by the hard roof caved in extensively,the layout of blasting hole and blasting time and mode were optimized,after the implementation of roof pre-cracking technology,the trend and dip pressure distribution curves of the working face were drawn. The results show that after the roof pre-cracking,the hard roof will collapse as soon as possible to form a caving crack,the mining and pre-split cracks will connect the high drainage roadway in time. In the process of working face advance,the pressure relief gas of this coal seam and adjacent strata is drained by the high drainage roadway,gas emission is greatly reduced in the initial mining stage,and gas control effect is obvious. There is no gas accumulation in the upper corner or gas content over limit in the return air flow.
引文
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[15]彭继刚,杨胜强,刘福军,等.石港矿15101工作面瓦斯综合治理技术[J].煤矿安全,2009,40(3):30-33.
[2]俞启香,程远平.矿井瓦斯防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2012.
[3]孙家伟.石港煤矿坚硬顶板高瓦斯综放面初采期瓦斯涌出特征及治理关键技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.
[4]李俊平,王红星,王晓光,等.卸压开采研究进展[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增刊2):350-358.
[5]宋希贤,左宇军,王宪.动力扰动下深部巷道卸压孔与锚杆联合支护的数值模拟[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(9):3158-3165.
[6]李付涛,杨胜强,程涛.综放工作面初采期顶板沉降对瓦斯涌出特征的影响[J].矿业安全与环保,2011,38(3):48-51.
[7] WANG F,TU S,YUAN Y,et al. Deep-hole pre-split blasting mechanism and its application for controlled roof caving in shallow depth seams[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2013,64(6):112-121.
[8]孙祺,杨胜强,程涛,等.综放工作面初采期瓦斯治理的综合措施[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(3):79-82.
[9]杨洪兴,杨天全,唐睿.卸压预裂爆破沿空留巷技术在急倾斜煤层中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(4):87-89.
[10]刘少虹.卸压爆破振动下锚索支护全煤巷道动力响应特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):96-103.
[11]刘春旺.控制预裂爆破消突技术在高突掘进工作面的应用[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(4):102-104.
[12]左建平,孙运江,刘文岗,等.浅埋大采高工作面顶板初次断裂爆破机理与力学分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(9):2165-2172.
[13]刘彦斌.综放面初采期瓦斯治理技术研究与实验[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(6):13-17.
[14]孙建华,米红伟,张锦鹏,等.上隅角瓦斯浓度变化的原因及实证分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(4):76-78.
[15]彭继刚,杨胜强,刘福军,等.石港矿15101工作面瓦斯综合治理技术[J].煤矿安全,2009,40(3):30-33.