三边形桅杆风荷载谱模型试验研究
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摘要
对三边形格构式桅杆进行了均匀流和两种紊流下的高频测力天平风洞试验,得到了顺风向、横风向和扭转向的气动力系数以及脉动风荷载谱。采用基于风速谱的数学模型对顺风向脉动风荷载谱进行拟合,验证了该经验公式在不同流场下的适用性。根据试验所得横风向和扭转向脉动风荷载功率谱曲线的特点,建立由紊流激励和旋涡脱落激励两部分组成的谱函数数学模型,最小二乘法拟合结果与风洞试验结果吻合良好。横风向脉动风荷载谱以紊流激励为主,紊流强度15%时旋涡脱落激励贡献仅占10%,扭转向脉动风荷载谱中旋涡脱落激励贡献明显增大,达到40%。
High frequency force balance test was conducted on triangular lattice mast and the along-wind,across-wind and torsional wind load spectra and mean force coefficients were obtained.The mathematical model based on the wind velocity function was used for the curve fitting of the along-wind load spectra and the applicability of the empirical formula in different flow fields was verified.Mathematical model consisted of turbulence and wake excitation was established for the across-wind load and torsional wind load according to the characteristics of the test spectra.Fitting results of least square method showed that the mathematical models were in good agreement with the test results.The contribution of turbulence excitation was dominant in across-wind load and the proportion of wake excitation was only 10% when the turbulent intensity was 15%.In torsional wind load the contribution of wake excitation increased obviously and accounted for about 40%.
High frequency force balance test was conducted on triangular lattice mast and the along-wind,across-wind and torsional wind load spectra and mean force coefficients were obtained.The mathematical model based on the wind velocity function was used for the curve fitting of the along-wind load spectra and the applicability of the empirical formula in different flow fields was verified.Mathematical model consisted of turbulence and wake excitation was established for the across-wind load and torsional wind load according to the characteristics of the test spectra.Fitting results of least square method showed that the mathematical models were in good agreement with the test results.The contribution of turbulence excitation was dominant in across-wind load and the proportion of wake excitation was only 10% when the turbulent intensity was 15%.In torsional wind load the contribution of wake excitation increased obviously and accounted for about 40%.
引文
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[15]马文勇,张晓斌,李玲芝,等.临界雷诺数区准椭圆形覆冰导纳的风压特性研究[J].实验流体力学,2014,28(5):53-58.MA W Y,ZHANG X B,LI L Z,et al.Study on wind pressure characteristics on quasi-oval shaped iced conductor at critical Renolds numbers regime[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2014,28(5):53-58.(in Chinese)
[2]全涌.超高层建筑横风向风荷载及响应研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.QUAN Y.Super high-rise buildings’wind loads and response in across-wind direction[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2002.(in Chinese)
[3]LIANG S G,LIU S C,LI Q S,et al.Mathematical model of acrosswind dynamic loads on rectangular tall buildings[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2002,90:1757-1770.
[4]LIANG S G,LI Q S,LIU S C,et al.Torsional dynamic wind load on rectangular tall buildings[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26:129-137.
[5]LIN N,LETCHFORD C,TAMURA Y,et al.Characteristics of wind forces acting on tall buildings[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2005,93:217-242.
[6]Recommendations for Loads on Buildings:AIJ 2004[S].Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2004.
[7]梁枢果,邹梁浩,赵林,等.格构式塔架动力风荷载解析模型[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(2):166-171.LIANG S G,ZOU L H,ZHAO L,et al.Analytical model of dynamic wind loads on lattice towers[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2008,36(2):166-171.(in Chinese)
[8]汪之松.特高压输电塔线体系风振响应及风振疲劳性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.WANG Z S.Study on wind-induced response and fatigue of UHV transmission tower-line coupled system[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2009.(in Chinese)
[9]吴承卉,黄铭枫,姜雄,等.基于半刚生模型风洞试验的锅炉塔架风振分析[J].空气动力学学报,2015,33(3):353-359.WU C H,HUANG M F,JIANG X,et al.Windinduced vibration analysis of lattice-truss tower installed with a boiler based on semi-rigid model test[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2015,33(3):353-359.(in Chinese)
[10]OLESEN H R,LARSEN S E,HOJSTRUP J.Modelling velocity spectra in the lower part of the planetary boundary layer[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,1984,29(3):285-312
[11]张建国,叶丰,顾明.典型高层建筑横风向气动力谱的构成分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2006,32(2):104-109.ZHANG J G,YE F,GU M.Amplitude characteristics of wind pressure on super high-rise buildings[J].Journal of Tongji University of Technology,2006,32(2):104-109.(in Chinese)
[12]顾明,叶丰.高层的横风向激励特性和计算模型的研究[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(2):3-5.GU M,YE F.Characteristics and computational model of across wind load of tall buildings[J].Civil Engineering Journal,2006,32(2):104-109.(in Chinese)
[13]SOLARI G.Mathmatical model to predict 3-D wind loading on buildings[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1985,111(2):254-276
[14]李秋胜,李慧真,李毅.椭圆形高耸结构风荷载特性的试验研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(1):1-8.LI Q S,LI H Z,LI Y.Experimental study of the characteristics of wind loads on an oval-shaped high-rise structure[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Science),2015,42(1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[15]马文勇,张晓斌,李玲芝,等.临界雷诺数区准椭圆形覆冰导纳的风压特性研究[J].实验流体力学,2014,28(5):53-58.MA W Y,ZHANG X B,LI L Z,et al.Study on wind pressure characteristics on quasi-oval shaped iced conductor at critical Renolds numbers regime[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2014,28(5):53-58.(in Chinese)