飞机结构完整性的度量与控制
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摘要
结构完整性是飞机结构的重要属性。通常,对结构完整性的描述是一种定性的描述,强调的是对结构完整性的保持,缺乏对结构完整性的定量描述,不利于结构完整性工作全面开展。为此,提出了结构完整性控制的概念;提出了采用结构完整度来度量结构完整性的定量度量方法,并基于结构的完好度、可用度、安全度和存活率评估结构的完整度;提出了以结构完整度最大化为目标优选结构完整性控制方案的结构完整性控制理念,阐明了结构完整性开环控制、协调控制和权衡控制的结构完整性控制的基本内涵,最后基于"建立/评估-维持-验证-恢复/增长-控制"的框架阐述了结构完整性控制的基本任务。提出的飞机结构完整性的度量与控制方法,对其他装备的结构完整性也同样适用。
Structural integrity is an important attribute of aircraft structure. Generally, the description of structural integrity is a qualitative description, which emphasizes the maintenance of structural integrity. However, a lack of quantitative description on structural integrity is disadvantageous to the comprehensive development of structural integrity. For this reason, a concept of structural integrity is proposed in this paper. A quantitative measurement is proposed to measure the structural integrity by the structural integrity degree, and the structural integrity degree is evaluated based on the safety degree, intact degree, survival rate and availability degree of the structure. A structural integrity control concept, taking the maximum structural integrity degree as an optimum structural integrity control scheme, is put forward. And the basic connotation of structural integrity control, including the open-loop control, the coordination control and the weighing control, is expounded. Finally, the basic task of the structural integrity control is expounded by the framework of the Establish/Assessment-Sustainment-Validation-Recovery/Increment – Control. The measure and control method of aircraft structural integrity proposed in this paper is also applicable to the structural integrity of other equipment.
Structural integrity is an important attribute of aircraft structure. Generally, the description of structural integrity is a qualitative description, which emphasizes the maintenance of structural integrity. However, a lack of quantitative description on structural integrity is disadvantageous to the comprehensive development of structural integrity. For this reason, a concept of structural integrity is proposed in this paper. A quantitative measurement is proposed to measure the structural integrity by the structural integrity degree, and the structural integrity degree is evaluated based on the safety degree, intact degree, survival rate and availability degree of the structure. A structural integrity control concept, taking the maximum structural integrity degree as an optimum structural integrity control scheme, is put forward. And the basic connotation of structural integrity control, including the open-loop control, the coordination control and the weighing control, is expounded. Finally, the basic task of the structural integrity control is expounded by the framework of the Establish/Assessment-Sustainment-Validation-Recovery/Increment – Control. The measure and control method of aircraft structural integrity proposed in this paper is also applicable to the structural integrity of other equipment.
引文
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[2] USA Department of Defense.Engine Structural Integrity Program(ENSIP)[Z].Department of Defense Standard MIL-STD-1783(USFA),1984.
[3] USA Department of Defense.Avionic Integrity Program(AVIP)[Z].Department of Defense Standard MIL-STD-1796A(USFA),2011.
[4] USA Department of Defense.Mechanical Equipment and Subsystems Integrity Program [Z].Department of Defense Standard MIL-STD-1798C(USFA),2013.
[5] USA Department of Defense.Weapon System Integrity Program [Z].Department of Defense Standard MIL- HDBK-515 (USFA),2013.
[6] USA Department of Defense.Propulsion System Integrity Program [Z].Department of Defense Standard MIL-STD-3024(USFA),2008.
[7] 何宇廷,张腾,崔荣洪,等.飞机结构寿命控制原理与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2017.HE Y T,ZHANG T,CUI R H,et al.Theory and Technology of Aircraft Structural Life Control[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2017.(in Chinese)
[8] 杨进慧,戚亚群,金平,等.重复使用液体火箭发动机结构可靠性分配[J].火箭推进,2018,44(6):39-43,80.YANG J H,QI Y Q,JIN P,et al.Allocation of Structural Reliability Index for Reusable Liquid Rocket Engine[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2018,44(6):39-43,80.(in Chinese)
[9] 陈维宇,刘站国,王昕,等.流量调节器研制中的主要问题及结构改进[J].火箭推进,2009,35(6):31-36.CHEN W Y,LIU Z G,WANG X,et al.Problems in the Development Process of a Flow Regulator and Improvement of Its Structures[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2009,35(6):31-36.(in Chinese)
[10] 秦新华,叶力华,周塞塞,等.燃气发生器固定连接结构可靠性改进设计[J].火箭推进,2014,40(6):27-34.QIN X H,YE L H,ZHOU S S,et al.Reliability Improvement of Fixed Connection Structure of Gas Generator[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2014,40(6):27-34.(in Chinese)
[11] 中国航空研究院.耐久性设计手册[M].北京:中国航空研究院,1994.Chinese Aviation Research Institute.Durability Design Manual[M].Beijing:Chinese Aviation Research Institute,1994.(in Chinese)
[12] 张恒喜,刘晓东,段宝君,等.现代飞机效费分析[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2001.ZHANG H X,LIU X D,DUAN B J,et al.Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Modern Aircraft[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[13] 王莉莉,陈云翔,欧阳洁.基于可用度的军用飞机可靠性指标确定方法[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(3),163-169.WANG L L,CHEN Y X,OU YANG J.Approaches to Setting Reliability Criterion of Military Aircraft Based on Availability[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(3),163-169.(in Chinese)
[14] 何宇廷.飞行器安全性工程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014.HE Y T.Safety Engineering of Aircraft[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[15] 熊峻江.疲劳断裂可靠性工程学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.XIONG J J.Fatigue and Fracture Reliability Engineering[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2008.(in Chinese)