日光温室斜坡式南墙对室内温光条件和黄瓜生长发育的影响
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摘要
为了进一步优化下沉式日光温室结构,采用斜坡式南墙日光温室与直立式南墙日光温室对照试验的方法,研究斜坡式南墙对日光温室室内温光条件和黄瓜生长发育的影响。结果表明,在冬季阴、晴天2种天气条件下,处理温室比对照温室气温和地温提高,特别是晴天更明显有利于气温和地温的提高。在晴天条件下,处理温室内日平均气温、最低气温和最高气温比对照温室分别提高1.63℃、0.93℃和2.58℃,而在阴天条件下,处理温室内日平均气温、最低气温和最高气温分别比对照温室仅提高0.27℃、0.24℃和0.15℃。在晴天条件下,处理温室内0、5、10cm深处最高地温比对照温室分别提高3.59℃、2.90℃和1.33℃,最低地温也比对照温室分别高0.88℃、1.07℃和1.34℃,平均地温比对照温室分别提高1.71℃、1.80℃和1.34℃。斜坡式南墙日光温室可以缩短南立墙在地面的太阳阴影宽度,增强了温室南部区域的光照强度;在晴天测量时段内,处理温室平均光照度比对照温室增加达40.25%。斜坡式南墙日光温室黄瓜植株的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2摩尔分数和蒸腾速率也均高于对照温室,其中比对照净光合速率最大值提高13.88%。斜坡式南墙日光温室温光性能的提高,也促进了越冬茬黄瓜前期的生长发育,其中处理温室内黄瓜结果数比对照温室提高达40.00%。综上,斜坡式南墙日光温室能改善室内的温光条件,更有利于越冬茬黄瓜的生长发育。
In order to further optimize structure of the sunk solar-greenhouse,the effect of sloping south wall on growth and development in cucumber,indoor temperature and light condition was investigated by using the method of sloping south wall and vertical south wall(control)in solar greenhouse.The results showed that the air and soil temperatures of the sloping wall treatment were higher than that of control under sunny or cloudy conditions in winter,especially the sunny days were more significant for improving the air and soil temperatures.Taking sunny condition as an example,the daily average,minimum and maximum air temperatures under sloping wall treatment was 1.63℃,0.93℃and 2.58℃higher than that of control respectively,while under cloudy condition,the daily average,minimum and maximum air temperature of the treatment was 0.27℃,0.24℃and 0.15℃higher than that of control respectively.Under sunny condition,the maximum soil temperature at 0,5,10cm depths of the treatment increased by 3.59℃,2.90℃and 1.33℃than that of control,and the minimum soil temperature of the treatment increased by 0.88℃、1.07℃and 1.34℃,the average soil temperature of the treatment increased by 1.71℃,1.80℃and 1.34℃.The sloping south wall solar greenhouse could effectively shorten the sun shadow width length of the south wall on the ground,it greatly enhanced the light intensity of the southern region in greenhouse,the average light intensity increased to 40.25%under sunny conditions.The photosynthesis character of cucumber in the sloping south wall solar greenhouse was higher than that of control in net photosynthesis rate,
In order to further optimize structure of the sunk solar-greenhouse,the effect of sloping south wall on growth and development in cucumber,indoor temperature and light condition was investigated by using the method of sloping south wall and vertical south wall(control)in solar greenhouse.The results showed that the air and soil temperatures of the sloping wall treatment were higher than that of control under sunny or cloudy conditions in winter,especially the sunny days were more significant for improving the air and soil temperatures.Taking sunny condition as an example,the daily average,minimum and maximum air temperatures under sloping wall treatment was 1.63℃,0.93℃and 2.58℃higher than that of control respectively,while under cloudy condition,the daily average,minimum and maximum air temperature of the treatment was 0.27℃,0.24℃and 0.15℃higher than that of control respectively.Under sunny condition,the maximum soil temperature at 0,5,10cm depths of the treatment increased by 3.59℃,2.90℃and 1.33℃than that of control,and the minimum soil temperature of the treatment increased by 0.88℃、1.07℃and 1.34℃,the average soil temperature of the treatment increased by 1.71℃,1.80℃and 1.34℃.The sloping south wall solar greenhouse could effectively shorten the sun shadow width length of the south wall on the ground,it greatly enhanced the light intensity of the southern region in greenhouse,the average light intensity increased to 40.25%under sunny conditions.The photosynthesis character of cucumber in the sloping south wall solar greenhouse was higher than that of control in net photosynthesis rate,
引文
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