基于气泡运动的液体表面张力系数测量方法研究
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摘要
为提高液体表面张力测量的准确性和稳定性,提出一种基于气泡运动的液体表面张力系数测量方法。根据气泡在液相中的受力情况,建立气泡在液相中脱离体积及瞬时稳态上浮速度数学模型,基于搭建的气体水下生成及控制平台,采用水浴加热法改变液相温度,将6种不同温度下蒸馏水及空气,分别作为实验的液相和气相进行实验测量,使用高速摄像机采集气泡运动图像,所采集图像使用Matlab软件进行图像处理与数据分析,将实验数据及液相物性,代入到所建立的模型中,推导出不同温度下蒸馏水的表面张力系数大小,采用最小二乘法线性对测算结果进行拟合。结果表明该方法具有可行性。
In order to improve the accuracy and stability of surface tension measurements, a measuring method of liquid surface tension coefficient based on bubble motion is put forward. According to the force of the bubble in the liquid phase, the volume of bubbles in the liquid phase and the instantaneous steady-state floating velocity model were established. Through the construction of gas underwater discharge test bed, the water bath heating method to change the liquid temperature, the 6 different temperatures of distilled water and air as the experimental liquid and gas phase,the experimental measurements of liquid and gas phases were carried out respectively. The bubble motion was observed by the high velocity photography technique. The image was analyzed by Matlab program, and the volume of bubble detachment and the instantaneous steady velocity were measured. The experimental data and liquid physical properties were substituted into the established model, and the surface tension coefficient of distilled water at different temperatures was deduced.The measured results was performed by the least squares linear fitting method on. The results show that the experimental data are in good agreement with the theoretical value.
In order to improve the accuracy and stability of surface tension measurements, a measuring method of liquid surface tension coefficient based on bubble motion is put forward. According to the force of the bubble in the liquid phase, the volume of bubbles in the liquid phase and the instantaneous steady-state floating velocity model were established. Through the construction of gas underwater discharge test bed, the water bath heating method to change the liquid temperature, the 6 different temperatures of distilled water and air as the experimental liquid and gas phase,the experimental measurements of liquid and gas phases were carried out respectively. The bubble motion was observed by the high velocity photography technique. The image was analyzed by Matlab program, and the volume of bubble detachment and the instantaneous steady velocity were measured. The experimental data and liquid physical properties were substituted into the established model, and the surface tension coefficient of distilled water at different temperatures was deduced.The measured results was performed by the least squares linear fitting method on. The results show that the experimental data are in good agreement with the theoretical value.
引文
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[2]ZHANG X B,XIANG S J,CAO X L,et al.Effects of surface tension on bubble growth in an extensive uniformly superheated liquid[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(30):3191-3198.
[3]赵贯甲,毕胜山,吴江涛.表面光散射法液体黏度和表面张力实验系统研制[J].工程热物理学报,2015(1):36-40.
[4]AKHATOV A R.Methods for controlling the authenticity of textual information transfer on the basis of statistical and structural redundancy[J].International Journal of Automation&Computing,2012(5):518-529.
[5]黄继汤,陈嘉范,丁彤,等.表面张力对单空泡运动特性的影响[J].水利学报,1996(12):1-7.
[6]倪宝玉.水下粘性气泡(空泡)运动和载荷特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012.
[7]田恒斗,金良安,王涌,等.考虑单气泡运动特性的舰船尾流气泡分布研究[J].兵工学报,2011(9):1126-1130.
[8]CHEN B B,ZOU D H.Altered seawater salinity levels affected growth and photosynthesis of Ulva fasciata(Ulvales,Chlorophyta)germlings[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015(8):108-113.
[9]陈世哲,刘世萱,范秀涛,等.基于棱镜模型多次折射法的海水盐度检测系统[J].光学学报,2011(7):22-26.
[10]田恒斗,金良安,迟卫,等.Basset力对液体中易溶性气泡运动的影响[J].力学学报,2011(4):680-687.