中国渔业气胀式救生筏检修行业现状、问题分析与建议
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摘要
气胀式救生筏是一种能供多人使用的大型浮具,是船舶配备的用于紧急情况下脱离危险区域或从遇难船舶紧急撤离的救生设施和装备。气胀式救生筏检修质量的优劣直接关系到气胀式救生筏在危急时刻是否能充胀成型、即时可用。2012—2015年,行业主管部门组织专家对经该部门认可的86家渔用气胀式救生筏检修站进行了监督检查,检查结果显示:中国渔业气胀式救生筏检修行业总体情况良好,但在"检修条件"、"筏站管理"、"筏站区域分布"等方面存在着一定的问题。针对存在的问题,分析并提出对策和建议:1)实施宏观区域规划,严格审查新设筏站;2)完善培训机制,提升检修人员技能;3)加强对筏站日常监督管理。
Inflatable liferaft is a large float that can be used by a certain number of people,and lifesaving appliance or equipment on ships for escaping from danger area or disabled ship in emergency. The maintenance quality of inflatable liferaft directly relates to whether it can be inflated well and instantly available at the time of danger. From 2012 to 2015,the industry responsible department organized experts to supervise and inspect86 maintenance stations of fishing inflatable liferaft approved by the department. The inspection results show that the maintenance industry of fishing inflatable liferaft in China is in good condition on the whole,but there are some problems in the aspects of " maintenance conditions", " raft station management" and " distribution of raft station area". In view of the existing problems,the paper analyzes and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions: 1) carry out macro-regional planning for construction of raft station,and strictly review newly approved raft station according to the regulations; 2) improve the training mechanism and strengthen the qualification and skills training of maintenance personnel of the raft station; 3) strengthen the supervision and management of the daily operation of the raft station.
Inflatable liferaft is a large float that can be used by a certain number of people,and lifesaving appliance or equipment on ships for escaping from danger area or disabled ship in emergency. The maintenance quality of inflatable liferaft directly relates to whether it can be inflated well and instantly available at the time of danger. From 2012 to 2015,the industry responsible department organized experts to supervise and inspect86 maintenance stations of fishing inflatable liferaft approved by the department. The inspection results show that the maintenance industry of fishing inflatable liferaft in China is in good condition on the whole,but there are some problems in the aspects of " maintenance conditions", " raft station management" and " distribution of raft station area". In view of the existing problems,the paper analyzes and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions: 1) carry out macro-regional planning for construction of raft station,and strictly review newly approved raft station according to the regulations; 2) improve the training mechanism and strengthen the qualification and skills training of maintenance personnel of the raft station; 3) strengthen the supervision and management of the daily operation of the raft station.
引文
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[14]孙玉乾.船舶气胀式救生筏的使用检修及筏站认可的一些要求[J].海运科技,1993(6):11-14.
[15]何新勇.加强渔业船舶气胀式救生筏检验管理为“平安渔业”作出贡献[J].中国水产,2008(12):15.
[16]王仁斌,郭庆祝.关于加强海上安全管理的几点思考[J].环渤海经济瞭望,2015,38(11):19-22.
[2]韩凌志.浅议渔用气胀式救生筏的有效安装[J].现代渔业信息,2007,22(5):14-15.
[3]何雅萍,王逸清.对我国渔船法定救生衣配备要求的研究和建议[J].渔业现代化,2014,41(5):69-73.
[4]何雅萍,顾海涛.我国渔用救生筏质量状况与分析[J].渔业现代化,2010,37(5):68-71.
[5]王森延.气胀式救生筏及属具的作用和改进[J].海洋渔业,1984(4):170-172.
[6]何雅萍,张祝利.我国气胀式救生筏质量和相关法规分析[J].渔业现代化,2016,43(5):67-70.
[7]王森延.如何修补气胀救生筏[J].航海,1992(4):39.
[8]中华人民共和国渔业船舶检验局.渔业船舶法定检验规则(2000)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000:269.
[9]王森延.气胀式救生筏的心脏-钢瓶[J].海洋渔业,1990(2):84,93.
[10]蒋炯.气胀式救生筏充气系统简析[J].才智,2011(4):48.
[11]周文烈.浅析“海上救生”专业训练中发现的问题[J].上海海事大学学报,1998(2):66-67.
[12]任玉清,姚杰,张飞成,等.安全检查表法在渔船救生设备安全评价中的应用[J].渔业现代化,2015,42(1):72-75.
[13]中华人民共和国渔业船舶检验局.中国渔业统计年鉴(2016)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2016:71.
[14]孙玉乾.船舶气胀式救生筏的使用检修及筏站认可的一些要求[J].海运科技,1993(6):11-14.
[15]何新勇.加强渔业船舶气胀式救生筏检验管理为“平安渔业”作出贡献[J].中国水产,2008(12):15.
[16]王仁斌,郭庆祝.关于加强海上安全管理的几点思考[J].环渤海经济瞭望,2015,38(11):19-22.