轴向磁通永磁电机空载气隙磁场建模分析
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摘要
针对轴向磁通永磁电机有限元仿真较为耗时的问题,建立了轴向磁通永磁电机空载气隙磁场解析模型。提出通过建立虚拟等效直线电机模型用以计算气隙磁场端部效应修正函数,使得空载气隙磁场模型得以整体解析化。给出了气隙磁导函数相应的替代函数,并对此替代函数进行了傅里叶级数转换,使空载气隙磁场函数具有形式上统一的解析表达式,便于计算机编程实现。对空载气隙磁密、空载反电动势和齿槽转矩进行了解析计算,与有限元计算结果对比,验证了该文所建立的空载气隙磁场模型的正确性和可行性,可以作为轴向磁通永磁电机设计人员参考使用。
To solve the problem of the simulations for a axial flux permanent magnet machines by 3 D finite element method is time-consuming, an open circuit air gap magnetic field analytical model was built for axial flux permanent magnet machines. A virtual equivalent linear machines model was built in order to calculate the end effect correction function of air gap magnetic field, which accomplishes the analysis of open-circuit air gap magnetic field model completely. As the replace function of air gap permanence function and its Fourier series were given in this paper, the function of open-circuit air gap magnetic field gained a unified form, thus the program difficulty for open circuit air gap magnetic field will be reduced correspondingly. The calculations of open-circuit air gap magnetic field, back EMF and cogging torque were conducted by finite element method and analytical method respectively, the outcome proves that the open circuit air gap magnetic field analytical model in this paper is correct and practical. Therefore, the analytical model can be used as a reference for the researchers who design axial flux permanent magnet machines.
To solve the problem of the simulations for a axial flux permanent magnet machines by 3 D finite element method is time-consuming, an open circuit air gap magnetic field analytical model was built for axial flux permanent magnet machines. A virtual equivalent linear machines model was built in order to calculate the end effect correction function of air gap magnetic field, which accomplishes the analysis of open-circuit air gap magnetic field model completely. As the replace function of air gap permanence function and its Fourier series were given in this paper, the function of open-circuit air gap magnetic field gained a unified form, thus the program difficulty for open circuit air gap magnetic field will be reduced correspondingly. The calculations of open-circuit air gap magnetic field, back EMF and cogging torque were conducted by finite element method and analytical method respectively, the outcome proves that the open circuit air gap magnetic field analytical model in this paper is correct and practical. Therefore, the analytical model can be used as a reference for the researchers who design axial flux permanent magnet machines.
引文
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[11]Sergeant P,Vansompel H,Hemeida A,et al.Acomputationally efficient method to determine iron and magnet losses in VSI-PWM fed axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(8):8101710.
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[14]Jafari-Shiadeh S M,Ardebili M.Analysis and comparison of axial-flux permanent-magnet brushless-DC machines with fractional-slot concentrated-windings[C]//Proceedings of the 4th Power Electronics,Drive Systems and Technologies Conference.Tehran,Iran:IEEE,2013:72-77.
[15]Fei W,Luk P C K.Torque ripple reduction of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine with segmented and laminated stator[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.San Jose,CA,USA:IEEE,2009:132-138.
[16]Fei W,Luk P C K,Jinupun K.A new axial flux permanent magnet segmented-armature-torus machine for in-wheel direct drive applications[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.Rhodes,Greece:IEEE,2008:2197-2202.
[17]Fei W,Luk P C K.Cogging torque reduction techniques for axial-flux surface-mounted permanent-magnet segmented-armature-torus machines[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.Cambridge,UK:IEEE,2008:485-490.
[18]Zhu Z Q,Howe D.Analytical prediction of the cogging torque in radial-field permanent magnet brushless motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1992,28(2):1371-1374.
[2]曹永娟,黄允凯,金龙,等.磁极组合型轴向磁场无铁心永磁电机的设计与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):903-909.Cao Yongjuan,Huang Yunkai,Jin Long,et al.Design and analysis of a stator coreless axial-flux permanent magnet machine with module poles[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):903-909(in Chinese).
[3]王晓远,唐任远,杜静娟,等.基于Halbach阵列盘式无铁心永磁同步电机优化设计:楔形气隙结构电机[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(3):2-5.Wang Xiaoyuan,Tang Renyuan,Du Jingjuan,et al.Optimization of disk coreless permanent magnet synchronous motor based on Halbach:the wedgy airgap motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(3):2-5(in Chinese).
[4]陈殷,张昆仑,胡巧琳.基于盘式Halbach永磁阵列的重力平衡装置电磁力计算[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):36-42.Chen Yin,Zhang Kunlun,Hu Qiaolin.Calculating electromagnetic force created by gravity balance device based on discal Halbach permanent magnet array[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):36-42(in Chinese).
[5]刘波,刘慧.提高盘式微电机电磁转矩的分析测试与改进设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6519-6526.Liu Bo,Liu Hui.Analysis and testing and improved design for enhancing the electromagnetic torque of disc-type micromotor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6519-6526(in Chinese).
[6]Huang Wanying,Bettayeb A,Kaczmarek R,et al.Optimization of magnet segmentation for reduction of eddy-current losses in permanent magnet synchronous machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2010,25(2):381-387.
[7]Yamazaki K,Fukushima Y,Sato M.Loss analysis of permanent-magnet motors with concentrated windings:variation of magnet eddy-current loss due to stator and rotor shapes[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2009,45(4):1334-1342.
[8]Wang Jiabin,Atallah K,Chin R,et al.Rotor eddy-current loss in permanent-magnet brushless AC machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(7):2701-2707.
[9]Vansompel H,Sergeant P,Dupre L.A multilayer 2-D-2-D coupled model for eddy current calculation in the rotor of an axial-flux PM machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(3):784-791.
[10]Vansompel H,Sergeant P,DupréL.Effect of segmentation on eddy-current loss in permanent-magnets of axial-flux PM machines using a multilayer-2D:2Dcoupled model[C]//Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Electrical Machines.Marseille,France:IEEE,2012:228-232.
[11]Sergeant P,Vansompel H,Hemeida A,et al.Acomputationally efficient method to determine iron and magnet losses in VSI-PWM fed axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(8):8101710.
[12]Kurronen P,Pyrhonen J.Analytic calculation of axial-flux permanent-magnet motor torque[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2007,1(1):59-63.
[13]朱龙飞,朱建国,佟文明,等.轴向磁通非晶合金永磁电机空载铁耗的解析计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):923-930.Zhu Longfei,Zhu Jianguo,Tong Wenming,et al.Analytical method of no-load iron losses of axial flux amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(3):923-930(in Chinese).
[14]Jafari-Shiadeh S M,Ardebili M.Analysis and comparison of axial-flux permanent-magnet brushless-DC machines with fractional-slot concentrated-windings[C]//Proceedings of the 4th Power Electronics,Drive Systems and Technologies Conference.Tehran,Iran:IEEE,2013:72-77.
[15]Fei W,Luk P C K.Torque ripple reduction of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine with segmented and laminated stator[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.San Jose,CA,USA:IEEE,2009:132-138.
[16]Fei W,Luk P C K,Jinupun K.A new axial flux permanent magnet segmented-armature-torus machine for in-wheel direct drive applications[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.Rhodes,Greece:IEEE,2008:2197-2202.
[17]Fei W,Luk P C K.Cogging torque reduction techniques for axial-flux surface-mounted permanent-magnet segmented-armature-torus machines[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.Cambridge,UK:IEEE,2008:485-490.
[18]Zhu Z Q,Howe D.Analytical prediction of the cogging torque in radial-field permanent magnet brushless motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1992,28(2):1371-1374.