燃煤电厂脱硫废水氯离子检测现状与应用进展
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摘要
近年来脱硫废水零排放作为燃煤电厂中控制污染物排放的重要措施而备受关注,特别是脱硫废水中氯离子含量的检测手段和方法已经成为研究热点。本文简述了适用于脱硫废水中氯离子检测的类别和方法,在阐述容量分析、色谱分析、光学分析和电化学分析4类氯离子分析方法原理的基础上,进一步介绍了硝酸银滴定法、离子色谱法、原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法、长周期光纤光栅法、电位滴定法和离子选择电极法7种氯离子检测方法及实际应用,并针对脱硫废水特殊条件对7种检测方法进行了比较,最后对燃煤电厂脱硫废水氯离子检测方法的发展趋势进行了展望。离子选择电极法具有响应快速、易微型化、在线监测等优点,是最适合发展成为脱硫废水氯离子检测标准方法的技术。
In recent years, the zero discharge of desulphurization wastewater has attracted much attention as an important measure to control pollutant discharge in coal-fired power plants. Especially, the detection methods of chloride ion content in desulphurization wastewater have become the research focuses. In this paper, the categories and methods of the chloride detection in desulphurization wastewater were briefly presented. On the basis of the principles of four kinds of chlorine ion analysis methods in capacity analysis, chromatographic analysis, optical analysis and electrochemical analysis, seven kinds of chloride ion detection methods and practical applications, such as silver nitrate titration, ion chromatography, atomic absorption spectrometry, spectrophotometry, long period fiber grating, potentiometric titration and ion selective electrode have been introduced. Furthermore, the special conditions in desulphurization wastewater were compared. Finally, the development trend of chlorine detection method in desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants was prospected. Ion selective electrode has the advantages of fast response, easy miniaturization and online monitoring. It is the most suitable technology for developing the standard method of chloride detection in desulphurization wastewater.
In recent years, the zero discharge of desulphurization wastewater has attracted much attention as an important measure to control pollutant discharge in coal-fired power plants. Especially, the detection methods of chloride ion content in desulphurization wastewater have become the research focuses. In this paper, the categories and methods of the chloride detection in desulphurization wastewater were briefly presented. On the basis of the principles of four kinds of chlorine ion analysis methods in capacity analysis, chromatographic analysis, optical analysis and electrochemical analysis, seven kinds of chloride ion detection methods and practical applications, such as silver nitrate titration, ion chromatography, atomic absorption spectrometry, spectrophotometry, long period fiber grating, potentiometric titration and ion selective electrode have been introduced. Furthermore, the special conditions in desulphurization wastewater were compared. Finally, the development trend of chlorine detection method in desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants was prospected. Ion selective electrode has the advantages of fast response, easy miniaturization and online monitoring. It is the most suitable technology for developing the standard method of chloride detection in desulphurization wastewater.
引文
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[2]马双忱,于伟静,贾绍广,等.燃煤电厂脱硫废水处理技术研究与应用进展[J].化工进展, 2016, 35(1):255-262.MAShuangchen,YUWeijing,JIAShaoguang,etal.Researchand applicationprogressesoffluegasdesulfurization(FGD)wastewater treatment technologies in coal-fired plants[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(1):255-262.
[3]陈姝娟,薛建明,许月阳,等.燃煤电厂除尘设施对烟气中微量元素的减排特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(9):2224-2230.CHENSujuan,XUEJianming,XUYueyang,etal.Analysison reduction of trace elements in flue gas by dust removing facilities in coal-firedpowerplants[J].ProceedingsoftheChineseSocietyof Electrical Engineering, 2015, 35(9):2224-2230.
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[5]田斌.湿法脱硫技术问题及脱硫效率探讨[J].电力科技与环保,2008, 24(5):35-37.TIANBin.Approachtodesulfurizationefficiencyandtechnical problemsofwetdesulfurization[J].ElectricPowerEnvironmental Protection, 2008, 24(5):35-37.
[6]环境保护部.火电厂污染防治可行技术指南[J].中国电业,2017(14):4.Ministry of Environmental Protection. Thermal power plant pollution preventionandcontrolofviabletechnicalguidelines[J].China Electric Power, 2017(14):4.
[7]张宁,郭德立.硝酸银滴定法测定水中氯离子含量的方法[J].山东交通科技, 2016(6):93-94.ZHANG Ning, GUO Deli. Determination of chloride ion in water by silvernitratetitration[J].ShandongTransportationScienceand Technology, 2016(6):93-94.
[8]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2002.StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration.Waterand WastewaterMonitoringandAnalysisMethods[M].4thed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press, 2002
[9]佟琦,高丽华.莫尔法与自动电位滴定法测定水中氯离子含量的比较[J].工业水处理, 2008(11):69-71.TONGQi,GAOLihua.Determinationofchlorideioninwaterby molemethodandautopotentialtitration[J].IndustrialWater Treatment, 2008(11):69-71.
[10]赵晶晶,张海涛,吴莉莉.离子色谱法、电位滴定法和直接滴定法对循环水中氯离子的测定对比及应用[J].大氮肥,2014,37(3):205-207.ZHAOJingjing,ZHANGHaitao,WULili.Comparisonand application of ion chromatography potentiometric titration and direct titration in determination of chloride ion in circulating water[J]. Large Nitrogen Fertilizer, 2014, 37(3):205-207.
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[12]CHOPPALAG,RAHMANMM,CHENZL,etal.Simultaneous determinationofchromiumspeciesbyionchromatographycoupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[C]//Proceedings ofthe19thWorldCongressofSoilScience:Soilsolutionsfora changingworld,Brisbane,Australia,1-6August2010.Working Group 1.5 Soil sense:rapid soil measurements. 2010:114-116.
[13]SARZANINIC.Recentdevelopmentsinionchromatography.[J].Journal of Chromatography A, 2002, 956(1/2):3-13.
[14]QIUH,JIANGS,LIUX.N-Methylimidazoliumanion-exchange stationaryphaseforhigh-performanceliquidchromatography[J].Journal of Chromatography A, 2006, 1103(2):265-270.
[15]JEYAKUMARS,RAUTVV,RAMAKUMARKL.Simultaneous determinationoftraceamountsofborate,chlorideandfluoridein nuclearfuelsemployingionchromatography(IC)aftertheir extraction by pyrohydrolysis[J]. Talanta, 2008, 76(5):1246-1251.
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[17]AROSIOP,JAQUETB,WUH,etal.Ontheroleofsalttypeand concentrationonthestabilitybehaviorofamonoclonalantibody solution.[J]. Biophysical Chemistry, 2012, 168/169(4):19.
[18]CHAKRABORTYJ,SENGUPTAS,DASGUPTAS,etal.DeterminationoftracelevelcarbonateioninMg-Allayereddouble hydroxide:itssignificanceontheanionexchangebehaviour[J].JournalofIndustrial&EngineeringChemistry,2012,18(6):2211-2216.
[19]JEYAKUMARS,RAUTVV,RAMAKUMARKL.Simultaneous determinationoftraceamountsofborate,chlorideandfluoridein nuclearfuelsemployingionchromatography(IC)aftertheir extraction by pyrohydrolysis[J]. Talanta, 2008, 76(5):1246-1251.
[20]DRESSLERVL,POZEBOND,FLORESéLM,etal.Potentiometric determination of fluoride in geological and biological samplesfollowingpyrohydrolyticdecomposition[J].Analytica Chimica Acta, 2002, 466(1):117-123.
[21]OLIVEIRA E M, FINAZZI G A, CARLOS I A. Influence of glycerol,mannitol and sorbitol on electrodeposition of nickel from a Watts bath andonthenickelfilmmorphology[J].Surface&Coatings Technology, 2006, 200(20/21):5978-5985.
[22]MORALES J A, GRATEROL L S D, MESA J, et al. Determination ofchloride,sulfateandnitrateingroundwatersamplesbyion chromatography[J].JournalofChromatographyA,2000,884(1/2):185-190.
[23]KOIRTYOHANNSR,PICKETTEE.Spectralinterferencesin atomicabsorptionspectrometry.[J].AnalyticalChemistry,2002,38(4):585-587.
[24]DIMAG,POPESCUIV,STIHIC,etal.Fe,MnandZn concentrationsdeterminationfromIalomitaRiverbyatomic absorptionspectroscopy[J].RomanianJournalofPhysics,2006,51(5/6):667-674.
[25]QINDEEL R, BOUSIAKOU L G, TAWFIK W, et al. Trace element analysisusingICP-MSintheshallowaquifersoftheHaierRegion,SaudiArabia[J].MiddleEastJournalofScientificResearch,2015,23(8):1941-1948.
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[27]FATEMA K, NAHER K, CHOUDHURY T R, et al. Determination of toxicmetalaccumulationinshrimpsbyatomicabsorption spectrometry(AAS)[J].InternationalJournalofEnvironmental Analytical Chemistry, 2015, 2(3):1000140.
[28]杨延,薛来,刘永昌.用原子吸收法间接测定电厂水中的痕量氯离子[J].上海电力学院学报, 2000, 16(1):8-12.YANGYan,XUELai,LIUYongchang.Indirectdeterminationof tracechlorideioninpowerplantwaterbyatomicabsorption spectrometry[J].JournalofShanghaiUniversityofElectricPower,2000, 16(1):8-12.
[29]姚永生.火焰原子吸收光谱法间接测定石灰石中氯含量[J].冶金分析, 2011(1):58-61.YAO Yongsheng. Indirect determination of chlorine in limestone by flameatomicabsorptionspectrometry[J].MetallurgicalAnalysis,2011(1):58-61.
[30]MAYAF,ESTELAJM,CERDàV.Spectrophotometric determinationofchlorideinwatersusingamultisyringeflow injection system[J]. Talanta, 2008, 74(5):1534-1538.
[31]ROCHADL,ROCHAFRP.Anenvironmentallyfriendly flow-basedprocedurewithphoto-inducedoxidationforthe spectrophotometricdeterminationofchlorideinurineandwaters[J].Microchemical Journal, 2013, 108(3):193-197.
[32]STADENJV,TLOWANAS.Spectrophotometricdeterminationof chlorideinmineralanddrinkingwatersusingsequentialinjection analysis[J]. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2001, 371(3):396-399.
[33]王义平.新型长周期光纤光栅特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2003.WANG Yiping. Research on the characteristics of new long period fiber gratings[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2003.
[34]欧启标,王彦,秦子雄,等.长周期光纤光栅的应用研究[J].应用激光, 2006, 26(6):416-420.OU Qibiao, WANG Yan, QIN Zixiong, et al. Application research of longperiodfibergratings[J].ApplicationofLaser,2006,26(6):416-420.
[35]胡爱姿.新型长周期光纤光栅部分特性及应用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2004.HU Aizi. Research on characteristics and applications of a novel long period fiber grating[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2004.
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