敏感肌肤和微生态屏障
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摘要
概览了国内外关于皮肤微生态屏障及其和敏感肌肤的关系,包括微生物在皮肤上的分布,微生物和皮肤的相互关系,敏感皮肤微生态屏障的重要性。论述了角质细胞如何特异性的识别共生菌群,共生菌群通过什么样的机制维护皮肤健康,以及微生态屏障失衡在多种类型敏感皮肤发病中的重要作用。同时提出了从护肤品角度出发,如何调控微生态屏障从而解决敏感肌肤问题。
This article reviews the recent study and development of skin microbiota and its relationship with sensitive skin. The distribution of the microbes on skin and their interaction with skin, and the impact of skin microbiome barrier on sensitive skin are reviewed and discussed. This content covers how keratinocyte specifically recognize commensal microbes, how they protect skin as immunity barrier and how the disrupted skin ecosystem influences different kinds of sensitive skin. The solution for sensitive skin is also reviewed and discussed based on optimizing skin ecosystems.
This article reviews the recent study and development of skin microbiota and its relationship with sensitive skin. The distribution of the microbes on skin and their interaction with skin, and the impact of skin microbiome barrier on sensitive skin are reviewed and discussed. This content covers how keratinocyte specifically recognize commensal microbes, how they protect skin as immunity barrier and how the disrupted skin ecosystem influences different kinds of sensitive skin. The solution for sensitive skin is also reviewed and discussed based on optimizing skin ecosystems.
引文
[1]He Li,Zheng Jie,Ma Huiqun,et al.The agreement of experts on sensitive skin diagnosis and treatment in China[J].Chinese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology,2017,31(1):1-4.
[2]Zhai Hongbo,Poblete N,Maibach H I.Stripped skin model to predict irritation potential of topical agents in vivo in humans[J].International Journal of Dermatology,1998,37(5):386-389.
[3]Grice A E,Segre A J.The skin microbiome[J].Nature Review Microbiology,2011,9:244-253.
[4]Kong H H,Segre A J.Skin microbiome:looking back to move forward[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2012,132(3):933-939.
[5]Kong H H.Skin microbiome:genomics-based insights into the diversity and role of skin microbes[J].Trends in Molecular Medicine,2011,17(6):302-328.
[6]Zhao Bian.China clinical dermatology[M].Jiangsu:Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Press,2017:463-465.
[7]Li Dongping,Guo Mingzhang,Xu Wentao.Advances and applications on methodology of 16S rRNA sequencing in gut microbiota analysis[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,2015,31(2):71-77.
[8]Gao Yanrui,Wang Xuemin,Liu Xiaoping.The origin,evolution and immune regulation of skin microbiome[J].Journal of Clinical Dermatology,2013,42(12):771-773.
[9]Lange-Asschenfeldt B,Marenbach D,Lang C,et al.Distribution of bacteria in the epidermal layers and hair follicles of the human skin[J].Skin Pharmacology Physiology,2011,24(6):305-311.
[10]Baldwin E H,Bhatia D N,Friedman A,et al.The role of cutaneous microbiota harmony in maintaining a functional skin barrier[J].Journal of Drugs in Dermatology,2017,16(1):12-18.
[11]Ganz T.The role of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity[J].Integrative and Comparative Biology,2003,43:300-304.
[12]Bardan A,Nizet V,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides and the skin[J].Peptides,Proteins&Antisense,2004,4(4):543-549.
[13]Nakatsuji T,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides:old molecules with new ideas[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2012,132(302):887-895.
[14]Bitschar K,Wolz C,Krismer B,et al.Keratinocytes as sensors and central players in the immune defense against Staphylococcus aureus in the skin[J].Journal of Dermatological Science,2017,87:215-220.
[15]Zhang Lingjuan,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides[J].Current Biology,2016,26:14-19.
[16]Bahar A A,Ren D C.Antimicrobial peptides[J].Pharmaceuticals,2013,6:1543-1575.
[17]Mahlapuu M,Hakansson J,Ringstad L,et al.Antimicrobial peptides:an emerging category of therapeutic agents[J].Frontiers in Celluler and Infection Microbiology,2016,6:1-12.
[18]Iwase T,Uehara Y,Shinji H,et al.Staphylococcus epidermidis Esp inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and nasal colonization[J].Nature,2010,465(7296):346-349.
[19]Zipperer A,Konnerth C M,Laux C,et al.Human commensals producing a novel antibiotic impair pathogen colonization[J].Nature,2016,535(7613):511-516.
[20]Nakatsuji T,Chen T H,Narala S,et al.Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect against Staphylococcus aureus and are deficient in atopic dermatitis[J].Science Translational Medicine,2017,9(378):1-22.
[21]Wallen-Russell C,Wallen-Russell S.Meta analysis of skin microbiome:new link between skin microbiota diversity and skin health with proposal to use this as a future mechanism to determine whether cosmetic products damage[J].Cosmetics,2017,4(14):1-19.
[22]Zeeuwen P L,Boekhorst J,Bogaard H E,et al.Microbiome dynamics of human epidermis following skin barrier disruption[J].Genome Biology,2012,13:101-118.
[23]Chen Jiahui,Yin Jiawen,Yang Wenlin.Research progress of atopic dermatitis and microbial infection[J].Chinese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology,2018,32(7):827-829.
[24]Yamazaki Y,Nakamura Y,Nunez G.Role of the microbiota in skin immunity and atopic dermatitis[J].Allergology International,2017,66:539-544.
[25]de Wit J,TottéJ E E,van Buchem F J M,et al.The prevalence of antibody responses against Staphylococcus aureus antigens in patients with atopic dermatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].British Journal of Dermatology,2018,178(6):1263-1271.
[26]Ong P Y,Leung D Y.Bacterial and viral infections in atopic dermatitis:a comprehensive review[J].Clinical Reviews in Allergy&Immunology,2016,51(3):329-337.
[27]Huang Y J,Marsland B J,Bunyavanich S,et al.The microbiome in allergic disease:current understanding and future opportunities-2017 PRACTALL document of the American academy of allergy,asthma&immunology and the European academy of allergy and clinical immunology[J].Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,2017,139(4):1099-1110.
[28]Seidenari S,Francomano M,Mantovani L.Baseline biophysical parameters in subjects with sensitive skin[J].Contact Dermatitis,1998,38:311-315.
[29]Dreno B,Martin R,Moyal D,et al.Skin microbiome and acne vulgaris:staphylococcus,a new actor in acne[J].Experimental Dermatology,2017,26:798-803.
[30]Selway L J,Kruczab T,Kealey T,et al.Toll-like receptor 2 activation and comedogenesis:implications for the pathogenesis of acne[J].BMC Dermatology,2013,13(10):1-7.
[31]Kim J,Ochoa M T,Krutzik R S,et al.Activation of Toll-like receptor2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses[J].Journal of Immunology,2002,169(3):1535-1541.
[32]Jahns A C,Lundskog B,Ganceviciene R,et al.An increased incidence of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms in acne vulgaris:a case-control study[J].British Journal of Dermatology,2012,167(1):50-58.
[33]Coenye T,Peeters E,Nelis H J.Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and increased production of putative virulence factors[J].Research Microbiology,2007,158(4):386-392.
[34]Bek-Thomsen M,Lomholt H B,Kilian M.Acne is not associated with yet-uncultured bacteria[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2008,46(10):3355-3360.
[35]Christensen J M G,Scholz F P C,Enghild J,et al.Antagonism between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and its genomic basis[J].BMC Genomics,2016,17:152-165.
[36]Wang Y,Kuo S,Shu M,et al.Staphylococcus epidermidis in the human skin microbiome mediates fermentation to inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes:implications of probiotics in acne vulgais[J].Applied Microbiology Biotechnology,2014,98(1):411-424.
[37]Xia X,Li Z,Liu K,et al.Staphylococcal LTA-induced miR-143 inhibits Propionibacterium acnes-mediated inflammatory response in skin[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2016,136(3):621-630.
[38]Zhai Wanfang,Tang Xianfa,Yang Sen.Advances in skin microbial diversity and related disease[J].Chinese Journal of Leprosy Skin Disease,2018,34(4):241-245.
[39]Zhao Y E,Wu L P,Peng Y,et al.Retrospective analysis of the association between Demodex infestation and rosacea[J].Archives of Dermatology,2010,146(8):896-902.
[40]Murillo N,Aubert J,Raoult D.Microbiota of Demodex mites from rosacea patients and controls[J].Microbial Pathogenesis,2014,71:37-40.
[41]Krutmannn J.Pre-and probiotics for human skin[J].Journal of Dermatological Science,2009,54(1):1-5.
[42]Al-Ghazzewi F H,Tester R F.Impact of prebiotics and probiotics on skin health[J].Beneficial Microbes,2014,5(2):99-107.
[43]Wang Xi,Chen Yuanyuan,Song Liya,et al.Skin microbiome and research and development of cosmetics[J].China Surfactant Detergent&Cosmetics,2017,47(3):168-173.
[44]Gueniche A,Bastien P,Ovigne J M,et al.Bifidobacterium longum lysate,a new ingredient for reactive skin[J].Experimental Dermatology,2010,19(8):1-8.
[45]Al-Ghazzewi F H,Tester R F.Effect of konjac glucomannan hydrolysates and probiotics on the growth of the skin bacterium Propionibacterium acnes in vitro[J].International Journal of Cosmetic Science,2010,32:139-142.
[2]Zhai Hongbo,Poblete N,Maibach H I.Stripped skin model to predict irritation potential of topical agents in vivo in humans[J].International Journal of Dermatology,1998,37(5):386-389.
[3]Grice A E,Segre A J.The skin microbiome[J].Nature Review Microbiology,2011,9:244-253.
[4]Kong H H,Segre A J.Skin microbiome:looking back to move forward[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2012,132(3):933-939.
[5]Kong H H.Skin microbiome:genomics-based insights into the diversity and role of skin microbes[J].Trends in Molecular Medicine,2011,17(6):302-328.
[6]Zhao Bian.China clinical dermatology[M].Jiangsu:Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Press,2017:463-465.
[7]Li Dongping,Guo Mingzhang,Xu Wentao.Advances and applications on methodology of 16S rRNA sequencing in gut microbiota analysis[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,2015,31(2):71-77.
[8]Gao Yanrui,Wang Xuemin,Liu Xiaoping.The origin,evolution and immune regulation of skin microbiome[J].Journal of Clinical Dermatology,2013,42(12):771-773.
[9]Lange-Asschenfeldt B,Marenbach D,Lang C,et al.Distribution of bacteria in the epidermal layers and hair follicles of the human skin[J].Skin Pharmacology Physiology,2011,24(6):305-311.
[10]Baldwin E H,Bhatia D N,Friedman A,et al.The role of cutaneous microbiota harmony in maintaining a functional skin barrier[J].Journal of Drugs in Dermatology,2017,16(1):12-18.
[11]Ganz T.The role of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity[J].Integrative and Comparative Biology,2003,43:300-304.
[12]Bardan A,Nizet V,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides and the skin[J].Peptides,Proteins&Antisense,2004,4(4):543-549.
[13]Nakatsuji T,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides:old molecules with new ideas[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2012,132(302):887-895.
[14]Bitschar K,Wolz C,Krismer B,et al.Keratinocytes as sensors and central players in the immune defense against Staphylococcus aureus in the skin[J].Journal of Dermatological Science,2017,87:215-220.
[15]Zhang Lingjuan,Gallo L R.Antimicrobial peptides[J].Current Biology,2016,26:14-19.
[16]Bahar A A,Ren D C.Antimicrobial peptides[J].Pharmaceuticals,2013,6:1543-1575.
[17]Mahlapuu M,Hakansson J,Ringstad L,et al.Antimicrobial peptides:an emerging category of therapeutic agents[J].Frontiers in Celluler and Infection Microbiology,2016,6:1-12.
[18]Iwase T,Uehara Y,Shinji H,et al.Staphylococcus epidermidis Esp inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and nasal colonization[J].Nature,2010,465(7296):346-349.
[19]Zipperer A,Konnerth C M,Laux C,et al.Human commensals producing a novel antibiotic impair pathogen colonization[J].Nature,2016,535(7613):511-516.
[20]Nakatsuji T,Chen T H,Narala S,et al.Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect against Staphylococcus aureus and are deficient in atopic dermatitis[J].Science Translational Medicine,2017,9(378):1-22.
[21]Wallen-Russell C,Wallen-Russell S.Meta analysis of skin microbiome:new link between skin microbiota diversity and skin health with proposal to use this as a future mechanism to determine whether cosmetic products damage[J].Cosmetics,2017,4(14):1-19.
[22]Zeeuwen P L,Boekhorst J,Bogaard H E,et al.Microbiome dynamics of human epidermis following skin barrier disruption[J].Genome Biology,2012,13:101-118.
[23]Chen Jiahui,Yin Jiawen,Yang Wenlin.Research progress of atopic dermatitis and microbial infection[J].Chinese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology,2018,32(7):827-829.
[24]Yamazaki Y,Nakamura Y,Nunez G.Role of the microbiota in skin immunity and atopic dermatitis[J].Allergology International,2017,66:539-544.
[25]de Wit J,TottéJ E E,van Buchem F J M,et al.The prevalence of antibody responses against Staphylococcus aureus antigens in patients with atopic dermatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].British Journal of Dermatology,2018,178(6):1263-1271.
[26]Ong P Y,Leung D Y.Bacterial and viral infections in atopic dermatitis:a comprehensive review[J].Clinical Reviews in Allergy&Immunology,2016,51(3):329-337.
[27]Huang Y J,Marsland B J,Bunyavanich S,et al.The microbiome in allergic disease:current understanding and future opportunities-2017 PRACTALL document of the American academy of allergy,asthma&immunology and the European academy of allergy and clinical immunology[J].Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,2017,139(4):1099-1110.
[28]Seidenari S,Francomano M,Mantovani L.Baseline biophysical parameters in subjects with sensitive skin[J].Contact Dermatitis,1998,38:311-315.
[29]Dreno B,Martin R,Moyal D,et al.Skin microbiome and acne vulgaris:staphylococcus,a new actor in acne[J].Experimental Dermatology,2017,26:798-803.
[30]Selway L J,Kruczab T,Kealey T,et al.Toll-like receptor 2 activation and comedogenesis:implications for the pathogenesis of acne[J].BMC Dermatology,2013,13(10):1-7.
[31]Kim J,Ochoa M T,Krutzik R S,et al.Activation of Toll-like receptor2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses[J].Journal of Immunology,2002,169(3):1535-1541.
[32]Jahns A C,Lundskog B,Ganceviciene R,et al.An increased incidence of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms in acne vulgaris:a case-control study[J].British Journal of Dermatology,2012,167(1):50-58.
[33]Coenye T,Peeters E,Nelis H J.Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and increased production of putative virulence factors[J].Research Microbiology,2007,158(4):386-392.
[34]Bek-Thomsen M,Lomholt H B,Kilian M.Acne is not associated with yet-uncultured bacteria[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2008,46(10):3355-3360.
[35]Christensen J M G,Scholz F P C,Enghild J,et al.Antagonism between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and its genomic basis[J].BMC Genomics,2016,17:152-165.
[36]Wang Y,Kuo S,Shu M,et al.Staphylococcus epidermidis in the human skin microbiome mediates fermentation to inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes:implications of probiotics in acne vulgais[J].Applied Microbiology Biotechnology,2014,98(1):411-424.
[37]Xia X,Li Z,Liu K,et al.Staphylococcal LTA-induced miR-143 inhibits Propionibacterium acnes-mediated inflammatory response in skin[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2016,136(3):621-630.
[38]Zhai Wanfang,Tang Xianfa,Yang Sen.Advances in skin microbial diversity and related disease[J].Chinese Journal of Leprosy Skin Disease,2018,34(4):241-245.
[39]Zhao Y E,Wu L P,Peng Y,et al.Retrospective analysis of the association between Demodex infestation and rosacea[J].Archives of Dermatology,2010,146(8):896-902.
[40]Murillo N,Aubert J,Raoult D.Microbiota of Demodex mites from rosacea patients and controls[J].Microbial Pathogenesis,2014,71:37-40.
[41]Krutmannn J.Pre-and probiotics for human skin[J].Journal of Dermatological Science,2009,54(1):1-5.
[42]Al-Ghazzewi F H,Tester R F.Impact of prebiotics and probiotics on skin health[J].Beneficial Microbes,2014,5(2):99-107.
[43]Wang Xi,Chen Yuanyuan,Song Liya,et al.Skin microbiome and research and development of cosmetics[J].China Surfactant Detergent&Cosmetics,2017,47(3):168-173.
[44]Gueniche A,Bastien P,Ovigne J M,et al.Bifidobacterium longum lysate,a new ingredient for reactive skin[J].Experimental Dermatology,2010,19(8):1-8.
[45]Al-Ghazzewi F H,Tester R F.Effect of konjac glucomannan hydrolysates and probiotics on the growth of the skin bacterium Propionibacterium acnes in vitro[J].International Journal of Cosmetic Science,2010,32:139-142.