氨浸工艺从废弃线路板中回收铜的试验研究
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摘要
电子废弃物中含有多种重金属及有毒有害物质,也含有一定量的铜、金、银、锌等有价金属,大量电子废弃物的肆意堆存不仅占用了大量土地,也造成了严重的环境污染,导致了资源的严重浪费。从电子废弃物中回收有价金属元素具有重要经济和社会意义。本试验以废弃电脑主板为原料,采用氨水-氯化铵为浸出剂进行湿法浸铜工艺研究。研究表明:最较浸出工艺条件为粉碎时间为30 s、氨水浓度为3 mol/L、氯化铵浓度为2 mol/L、浸出温度为45℃、搅拌速度为450 rpm、浸出时间为2 h。在较佳工艺条件下进行废弃线路板氨浸试验,铜浸出率大于88%,铁不浸出,实现了铜的高效选择性浸出。
Electronic waste contains multiple heavy metal and toxic and harmful substances. It also contains a certain amount of nonferrous metals, like copper, gold, silver, zinc and so on. Wilfulystockpiling of lots of electronic waste not only occupied a great deal of land, but also give rise to severe environmental pollution,causing serious waste of resources. Recycling valuable metals from electronic waste has great economic and social significance. This experiment uses waste computer mainboards as raw material, and ammonia-ammonium chloride as leaching regent to conduct the research of copper leaching process. The experimental results indicates that the optimum leaching technology are as follows: crushing time is 30 s, ammonia concentration is 3 mol/L, ammonium chloride concentration is 2 mol/L, leaching temperature is 45℃, leaching time is 2 h.Under the optimum conditions, the copper leaching efficiency greater than 88%, while the iron leached little.It realizes the high-efficient selective leaching of copper.
Electronic waste contains multiple heavy metal and toxic and harmful substances. It also contains a certain amount of nonferrous metals, like copper, gold, silver, zinc and so on. Wilfulystockpiling of lots of electronic waste not only occupied a great deal of land, but also give rise to severe environmental pollution,causing serious waste of resources. Recycling valuable metals from electronic waste has great economic and social significance. This experiment uses waste computer mainboards as raw material, and ammonia-ammonium chloride as leaching regent to conduct the research of copper leaching process. The experimental results indicates that the optimum leaching technology are as follows: crushing time is 30 s, ammonia concentration is 3 mol/L, ammonium chloride concentration is 2 mol/L, leaching temperature is 45℃, leaching time is 2 h.Under the optimum conditions, the copper leaching efficiency greater than 88%, while the iron leached little.It realizes the high-efficient selective leaching of copper.
引文
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[4]张小娟,李鑫钢,曹宏斌,等.LK-C2从废线路板酸性浸出液中萃取回收铜[J].中国有色金属学报,2008(12):2284-2290.
[5]倪冲,赵燕鹏,阮福辉,等.氨浸法从含砷石灰铁盐渣中回收铜的动力学[J].中国有色金属学报,2013(6):1769-1774.
[6]郭勇,秦庆伟,汤海波,等.从贫化炉水淬渣中氨浸提铜试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2016(04):320-323.
[7]王蓉,陈梦君,黄金秀,等.电动力学技术回收废旧印刷线路板中的铜[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2016(04):1436-1440.
[8]张莎,陈梦君,王继钦,等.废旧印刷线路板电解过程中铜的分布特性[J].环境工程,2017(7):121-125.
[9]王芳芳,赵跃民,张涛,等.废弃线路板中金属资源的物理回收[J].矿产综合利用,2017(2):1-7.
[10]杨新生,许秀莲,唐冠中.碱性氨浸法从低品位铜锌渣中回收铜锌[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,1993(2):32-34.
[11]王继钦,陈梦君,张莎,等.离子液体对废旧印刷线路板中铜、锌、铅的浸出规律[J].化工环保,2017(2):232-236.
[12]孙家寿,鲍支洪.硫化铜精矿催化氧化氨浸工艺研究[J].化学工业与工程技术,1999(4):1-2.
[13]王胜,张胜全.铜冶炼烟灰碱浸渣氨浸工艺[J].有色金属科学与工程,2015(6):20-23.
[14]李丽,宋永胜.重选法回收废旧印刷线路板中的有色金属[J].矿产综合利用,2008(3):46-48.
[15]陈梦君,黄金秀,陈海焱,等.废旧印刷线路板预处理后金属分布特性[J].西南科技大学学报,2015(01):46-49.
[16]温雪峰,李金惠,邹亮,等.废印刷线路板的常温粉碎特性研究[J].矿冶,2005(4):57-61.