生物强化生物滤池去除海水养殖废水中氨氮
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摘要
针对海水养殖水生物脱氮效果差的问题,将海洋菌株SF16接种到曝气生物滤池中,构建生物强化海水养殖废水处理系统,以未投加菌株SF16的曝气生物滤池作为对照,研究了水力停留时间(HRT)、盐度、碳氮比、溶解氧(DO)等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响。结果表明,菌株SF16能显著提高曝气生物滤池耐盐性和异养硝化-好氧反硝化脱氮效果。菌株SF16强化曝气生物滤池在HRT为4 h,盐度为3%～5%,高锰酸盐指数/NH_4~+–N为14,DO为4～5 mg/L的适宜工艺条件下,处理初始NH_4~+-N浓度为10 mg/L的模拟海水养殖废水,NH_4~+-N、TN和高锰酸盐指数的去除率分别达到95%、93%和80%以上,NO_3~-–N和NO_2~-–N积累量分别低于0.1 mg/L和0.02mg/L,出水无机氮和高锰酸盐指数达到《海水养殖水排放要求》(SC/T 9103-2007)的一级排放标准。该研究结果能够为菌株SF16在海水(浓海水)养殖系统废水处理工程中应用提供技术支持。
In order to solve the problem about low nitrogen removal efficiency in biological treatment of mariculture wastewater,a biological aerated filter inoculated with marine strain SF16 was developed as a bioaugmentation system,taking a system without strain SF16 as control.And the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT),salinity,COD/NH4+–N ratio and dissolved oxygen(DO) on ammonia-nitrogen(NH4+-N) removal were studied.The results showed that the marine bacteria SF16 could significantly improve the performances of biological aerated filter on salt resistance and heterotrophic nitrification– aerobic denitrification.When the aerated biological filter system,inoculated with strain SF16,was employed to treat synthetic mariculture wastewater of initial NH4+-N concentration of 10 mg/L,the suitable process conditions were HRT of 4 h,salinity of 3% to 5%,COD/NH4+–N of 4,and DO 4～5 mg/L.In these conditions,the removal efficiency of NH4+-N、TN,and COD reached above 95%,93%,and 80%,respectively.Meanwhile,NO3-–N,NO2-–N accumulation were below 0.1 mg/L and 0.02mg/L respectively.The concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and COD in the effluent reached the Grade I in Requirement for Water Drainage Standard for Sea Water Mariculture(SC/T 9103-2007).The research results may provide technical support for the application of the strain SF16 in treatment of mariculture wastewater.
In order to solve the problem about low nitrogen removal efficiency in biological treatment of mariculture wastewater,a biological aerated filter inoculated with marine strain SF16 was developed as a bioaugmentation system,taking a system without strain SF16 as control.And the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT),salinity,COD/NH4+–N ratio and dissolved oxygen(DO) on ammonia-nitrogen(NH4+-N) removal were studied.The results showed that the marine bacteria SF16 could significantly improve the performances of biological aerated filter on salt resistance and heterotrophic nitrification– aerobic denitrification.When the aerated biological filter system,inoculated with strain SF16,was employed to treat synthetic mariculture wastewater of initial NH4+-N concentration of 10 mg/L,the suitable process conditions were HRT of 4 h,salinity of 3% to 5%,COD/NH4+–N of 4,and DO 4～5 mg/L.In these conditions,the removal efficiency of NH4+-N、TN,and COD reached above 95%,93%,and 80%,respectively.Meanwhile,NO3-–N,NO2-–N accumulation were below 0.1 mg/L and 0.02mg/L respectively.The concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and COD in the effluent reached the Grade I in Requirement for Water Drainage Standard for Sea Water Mariculture(SC/T 9103-2007).The research results may provide technical support for the application of the strain SF16 in treatment of mariculture wastewater.
引文
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[14]叶志隆,熊小京,芦敏.贝壳填料曝气生物滤池的硝化特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(3):1-3.Ye Zhilong,Xiong Xiaojing,Lu Min.Study on nitrification behavior of aerated biofilter with oyster shell carrier[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(3):1-3.
[15]Chen M,Wang W C,Feng Y,et al.Impact resistance of different factors on ammonia removal by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium Aeromonas sp.HN-02[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,167(7):456-461.
[16]孙家君,刘芳,胡筱敏.溶解氧和曝气时间对好氧反硝化菌脱氮效果的影响[J].环境工程,2014,37(12):62-64.Sun Jiajun,Liu Fang,Hu Xiaomin.Influences of DO and aeration time on denitrification performance of aerobic denitrifying bacteria[J].Environmental Engineering,2014,37(12):62-64.
[2]刁文文,安贤惠,王存稳,等.海水虾蟹混养池中氨氮降解菌的分离筛选与鉴定[J].水产科学,2015,34(2):83-88.Diao Wenwen,An Xianhui,Wang Cunwen,et al.Isolation and identification of ammonia degrading bacteria from marine shrimp and crab polyculture ponds[J].Fisheries Science,2015,34(2):83-88.
[3]周洪玉,仇天雷,王旭明,等.挂帘式生物滤池的填料筛选及硝化效率优化[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(S2):98-103.Zhou Hongyu,Qiu Tianlei,Wang Xuming,et al.Filler selection and nitrification efficiency optimization of a novel trickling filter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,39(S2):98-103.
[4]陈强,黎中宝,张艳艳,等.不同曝气位置曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理对虾养殖污水的试验研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(5):1028-1033.Chen Qiang,Li Zhongbao,Zhang Yanyan,et al.Biological aerated filters of different aeration locations for wastewater treatment during Litopenaeus vannamei culture[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2012,31(5):1028-1033.
[5]蒋秩锋,刘大华,孙同喜,等.沸石滤料曝气生物滤池处理水产养殖废水的工艺特性[J].环境科学,2010,31(3):703-708.Jiang Yifeng,Liu Dahua,Sun Tongxi,et al.Process characteristics of zeolite media biological aerated filter for treating aquaculture wastewater[J].Environment Science,2010,31(3):703-708.
[6]Tsukuda S,Christianson L,Kolb A,et al.Heterotrophic denitrification of aquaculture effluent using fluidized sand biofilters[J].Aquacultural Engineering,2015,64(1):49-59.
[7]张延青,徐洋,高喜燕,等.生物滤器处理海水养殖水过程中亚氮积累与影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(10):1323-1332.Zhang Yanqing,Xu Yang,Gao Xiyan,et al.The accumulation of nitrite nitrogen in biofilter for mariculture wastewater treatment and influencing factors[J].China Environmental Science,2010,30(10):1323-1332.
[8]Cortés Lorenzo C,Rodríguez Díaz M,López Lopez C,et al.Effect of salinity on enzymatic activities in a submerged fixed bed biofilm reactor for municipal sewage treatment[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,121(7):312-319.
[9]徐艳梅,冯丽娟,忻礼斌,等.海水养殖废水生物膜反应器快速启动研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(12):222-227.Xu Yanmei,Feng Lijuan,Xin Libin,et al.Biofilm reactor fast start up for seawater aquaculture wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,38(12):222-227.
[10]徐洁,熊小京,郑天凌,等.序批式曝气生物滤池处理含海水污水中的硝化性能[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(3):1062-1066.Xu Jie,Xiong Xiaojing,Zheng Tianling,et al.Nitrification of sewage containing seawater using a sequencing batch aeration bio-filter[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(3):1062-1066.
[11]Duan J M,Fang H D,Su B,et al.Characterization of a halophilic heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium and its application on treatment of saline wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,179(3):421-428.
[12]段金明,苏兵,林锦美,等.嗜盐好氧反硝化菌SF16的脱氮特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(9):5275-5280.Duan Jinming,Su Bing,Lin Jinmei,et al.Nitrogen removal characteristics of halophilic aerobic denitrification bacterium SF16[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(9):5275-5280.
[13]Liu Y X,Yang T O,Yuan D X,et al.Study of municipal wastewater treatment with oyster shell as biological aerated filter media[J].Desalination,2010,254(1/3):149-153.
[14]叶志隆,熊小京,芦敏.贝壳填料曝气生物滤池的硝化特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(3):1-3.Ye Zhilong,Xiong Xiaojing,Lu Min.Study on nitrification behavior of aerated biofilter with oyster shell carrier[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(3):1-3.
[15]Chen M,Wang W C,Feng Y,et al.Impact resistance of different factors on ammonia removal by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium Aeromonas sp.HN-02[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,167(7):456-461.
[16]孙家君,刘芳,胡筱敏.溶解氧和曝气时间对好氧反硝化菌脱氮效果的影响[J].环境工程,2014,37(12):62-64.Sun Jiajun,Liu Fang,Hu Xiaomin.Influences of DO and aeration time on denitrification performance of aerobic denitrifying bacteria[J].Environmental Engineering,2014,37(12):62-64.