切割点对长庆减压蜡油氮化物组成和催化裂化性能的影响
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摘要
通过实沸点蒸馏和分子蒸馏对长庆原油的常压渣油进行减压蒸馏获得不同终馏点的减压蜡油,采用常规分析方法对其进行分析,并通过电喷雾-傅里叶变换离子回旋质谱(ESI FT-ICR MS)分析氮化物的组成,然后在固定流化床装置上考察了其催化裂化性能。结果表明,切割点从500℃提高到580℃,可以增加15百分点的减压蜡油收率,且理化性质和催化裂化性能均未明显变差,液体收率和轻油收率略有降低。电喷雾-傅里叶变换离子回旋质谱对氮化物的分析表明,减压蜡油中的碱氮化合物以喹啉系为主,而非碱氮化合物以咔唑系为主,切割点对氮化物的类型并无明显影响。
Atmospheric residues(AR) from Changqing crude oil were cut into four kinds of vacuum gas oil(VGO) with different final boiling points(FBP) by true boiling point distillation and molecular distillation. Properties of obtained VGOs were analyzed by classical analysis methods. Further analysis of nitrogen compounds was carried out by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(ESI FT-ICR MS), and the catalytic cracking performance of obtained VGOs was investigated in a fixed fluidized bed reactor. Experimental results show that VGO yield can increase fifteen percent when the FBP increases from 500 to 580 ℃, but the properties and catalytic cracking performance of VGO are not changed much. However, the yields of light oil and liquid product decrease slightly. It has been found that nitrogen compound types in the four VGOs determined by ESI FT-ICR MS have no obvious difference. The basic nitrogen compounds are mainly quinolone derivatives while the non-basic nitrogen compounds are mainly carbazole derivatives.
Atmospheric residues(AR) from Changqing crude oil were cut into four kinds of vacuum gas oil(VGO) with different final boiling points(FBP) by true boiling point distillation and molecular distillation. Properties of obtained VGOs were analyzed by classical analysis methods. Further analysis of nitrogen compounds was carried out by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(ESI FT-ICR MS), and the catalytic cracking performance of obtained VGOs was investigated in a fixed fluidized bed reactor. Experimental results show that VGO yield can increase fifteen percent when the FBP increases from 500 to 580 ℃, but the properties and catalytic cracking performance of VGO are not changed much. However, the yields of light oil and liquid product decrease slightly. It has been found that nitrogen compound types in the four VGOs determined by ESI FT-ICR MS have no obvious difference. The basic nitrogen compounds are mainly quinolone derivatives while the non-basic nitrogen compounds are mainly carbazole derivatives.
引文
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[15]ZHU X C,SHI Q,ZHANG Y H,et al.Characterization of nitrogen compounds in coker heavy gas oil and its subtractions by liquid chromatographic separation followed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Energy&Fuels,2011,25(1):281-287
[16]CHEN X B,SHEN B X,SUN J P,et al.Characterization and comparison of nitrogen compounds in hydrotreated and untreated shale oil by electrospray ionization(ESI)Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)[J].Energy&Fuels,2012,26(3):1707-1714.
[2]雷平,钟湘生,郭守学,等.减压深拔技术在常减压蒸馏装置上的应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2010,41(7):34-38.(LEI Ping,ZHONG Xiangsheng,GUOShouxue,et al.Application of deep vacuum distillation technology in an atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2010,41(7):34-38.)
[3]崔正军.蒸馏装置减压深拔技术应用和减少结焦探索[J].炼油技术与工程,2016,46(3):14-19.(CUIZhengjun.Application of vacuum deep-cut process in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit and study on coking prevention[J].Petroleum Refinery Engineering,2016,46(3):14-19.)
[4]毛卫群,张晓国,贺旺军.减压深拔技术在常减压蒸馏装置的应用[J].炼油技术与工程,2013,43(6):13-17.(MAO Weiqun,ZHANG Xiaoguo,HE Wangjun.Application of deep-cut vacuum distillation process in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit[J].Petroleum Refinery Engineering,2013,43(6):13-17.)
[5]陈建民,杨娜,罗铭芳,等.常减压装置减压深拔技术研究进展[J].现代化工,2010,30(6):20-24.(CHEN Jianmin,YANG Na,LUO Mingfang,et al.Research progress in deep-cut technology in crude oil distillation unit[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2010,30(6):20-24.)
[6]董元成,顾涛,马涛,等.蒸馏装置减压深拔实验研究及工业应用[J].现代化工,2017,37(11):171-174.(DENG Yuancheng,GU Tao,MA Tao,et al.Experimental research and industrial application of deep vacuum distillation for distillation unit[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2017,37(11):171-174.)
[7]LI Z K,WANG G,SHI Q,et al.Retardation effect of basic nitrogen compounds on hydrocarbons catalytic cracking in coker gas oil and their structural identification[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2011,50(7):4123-4132.
[8]LI Z K,GAO J S,WANG G,et al.Influence of nonbasic nitrogen compounds and condensed aromatics on coker gas oil catalytic cracking and their characterization[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2011,50(15):9415-9424.
[9]LI Z K,WANG G,LIU Y D,et al.Catalytic cracking constraints analysis and divisional fluid catalytic cracking process for coker gas oil[J].Energy&Fuels,2012,26(4):2281-2291.
[10]LIU P,SHI Q,CHUNG K H,et al.Molecular characterization of sulfur compounds in Venezuela crude oil and its SARA fractions by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Energy&Fuels,2010,24(9):5089-5096.
[11]SHI Q,ZHAO S Q,XU Z M,et al.Distribution of acids and neutral nitrogen compounds in a Chinese crude oil and its fractions:Characterized by negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Energy&Fuels,2010,24(7):4005-4011.
[12]刘颖荣,刘泽龙,胡秋玲,等.傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱仪表征VGO馏分油中噻吩类含硫化合物[J].石油学报(石油加工),2010,26(1):52-59.(LIUYingrong,LIU Zelong,HU Qiuling,et al.Characterization of sulfur aromatic species in vacuum gas oil by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2010,26(1):52-59.)
[13]胡秋玲,刘颖荣,刘泽龙,等.电喷雾-傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析原油中的碱性氮化物[J].分析化学,2010,38(4):564-568.(HU Qiuling,LIUYingrong,LIU Zelong,et al.Characterization of basic nitrogen compounds in crude oil by electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry[J].Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2010,38(4):564-568.)
[14]SHI Q,XU C M,ZHAO S Q,et al.Characterization of basic nitrogen species in coker gas oils by positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Energy&Fuels,2010,24(1):563-569
[15]ZHU X C,SHI Q,ZHANG Y H,et al.Characterization of nitrogen compounds in coker heavy gas oil and its subtractions by liquid chromatographic separation followed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J].Energy&Fuels,2011,25(1):281-287
[16]CHEN X B,SHEN B X,SUN J P,et al.Characterization and comparison of nitrogen compounds in hydrotreated and untreated shale oil by electrospray ionization(ESI)Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)[J].Energy&Fuels,2012,26(3):1707-1714.